A tactile system to support severe visually-impaired or blind people in the world for their orientation and navigation had been developed. To optimize the design, some parameters of tactile display device were evaluat...A tactile system to support severe visually-impaired or blind people in the world for their orientation and navigation had been developed. To optimize the design, some parameters of tactile display device were evaluated. In the present paper,we focused on the reaction time to tactile stimuli. In the test, the stimuli were produced through a vibration belt that was worn around the participants’ waist. In the choice reaction time task, the participants had to click corresponding arrow keys according to the location of a tactile signal. The findings of this study provided a reference of the reaction time range, so as to design a more effective and safe tactile navigation system.展开更多
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging technique which can be used to monitor the regional ventilation in patients utilizing voltage measurements made at the thorax. Several reconstruction algorith...Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging technique which can be used to monitor the regional ventilation in patients utilizing voltage measurements made at the thorax. Several reconstruction algorithms have been developed during the last few years. In this manuscript we compare a well-established algorithm and a re-cently developed method for image reconstruction regarding EIT indices derived from the differently reconstructed images.展开更多
Background High positive end-expiratory pressure （PEEP） and low tidal volume （VT） ventilation is thought to be a protective ventilation strategy. It is hypothesized that the stabilization of collapsible alveoli du...Background High positive end-expiratory pressure （PEEP） and low tidal volume （VT） ventilation is thought to be a protective ventilation strategy. It is hypothesized that the stabilization of collapsible alveoli during expiration contributes to lung protection. However, this hypothesis came from analysis of indirect indices like the analysis of the pressure-volume curve of the lung. The purpose of this study was to investigate isolated healthy and injured rat lungs by means of alveolar microscopy, in which combination of PEEP and VT is beneficial with respect to alveolar stability （I-E%）. Methods Alveolar stability was investigated in isolated, non-perfused mechanically ventilated rat lungs. Injured lungs were compared with normal lungs. For both groups three PEEP settings （5, 10, 20 cmH20） were combined with three VT settings （6, 10, 15 ml/kg） resulting in nine PEEP-VT combinations per group. Analysis was performed by alveolar microscopy. Results In normal lungs alveolar stability persisted in all PEEP-VT combinations （I-E% （3.2±11.0）%）. There was no significant difference using different settings （P 〉0.01）. In contrast, alveoli in injured lungs were extremely instable at PEEP levels of 5 cmH20 （mean I-E% 100%） and 10 cmH2O （mean I-E% （30.7±16.8）%）; only at a PEEP of 20 cmH20 were alveoli stabilized （mean I-E% of （0.2±9.3）%）. Conclusions In isolated healthy lungs alveolar stability is almost unaffected by different settings of PEEP and VT. In isolated injured lungs only a high PEEP level of 20 cmH2O resulted in stabilized alveoli whereas lower PEEP levels are associated with alveolar instability.展开更多
文摘A tactile system to support severe visually-impaired or blind people in the world for their orientation and navigation had been developed. To optimize the design, some parameters of tactile display device were evaluated. In the present paper,we focused on the reaction time to tactile stimuli. In the test, the stimuli were produced through a vibration belt that was worn around the participants’ waist. In the choice reaction time task, the participants had to click corresponding arrow keys according to the location of a tactile signal. The findings of this study provided a reference of the reaction time range, so as to design a more effective and safe tactile navigation system.
文摘Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging technique which can be used to monitor the regional ventilation in patients utilizing voltage measurements made at the thorax. Several reconstruction algorithms have been developed during the last few years. In this manuscript we compare a well-established algorithm and a re-cently developed method for image reconstruction regarding EIT indices derived from the differently reconstructed images.
文摘Background High positive end-expiratory pressure （PEEP） and low tidal volume （VT） ventilation is thought to be a protective ventilation strategy. It is hypothesized that the stabilization of collapsible alveoli during expiration contributes to lung protection. However, this hypothesis came from analysis of indirect indices like the analysis of the pressure-volume curve of the lung. The purpose of this study was to investigate isolated healthy and injured rat lungs by means of alveolar microscopy, in which combination of PEEP and VT is beneficial with respect to alveolar stability （I-E%）. Methods Alveolar stability was investigated in isolated, non-perfused mechanically ventilated rat lungs. Injured lungs were compared with normal lungs. For both groups three PEEP settings （5, 10, 20 cmH20） were combined with three VT settings （6, 10, 15 ml/kg） resulting in nine PEEP-VT combinations per group. Analysis was performed by alveolar microscopy. Results In normal lungs alveolar stability persisted in all PEEP-VT combinations （I-E% （3.2±11.0）%）. There was no significant difference using different settings （P 〉0.01）. In contrast, alveoli in injured lungs were extremely instable at PEEP levels of 5 cmH20 （mean I-E% 100%） and 10 cmH2O （mean I-E% （30.7±16.8）%）; only at a PEEP of 20 cmH20 were alveoli stabilized （mean I-E% of （0.2±9.3）%）. Conclusions In isolated healthy lungs alveolar stability is almost unaffected by different settings of PEEP and VT. In isolated injured lungs only a high PEEP level of 20 cmH2O resulted in stabilized alveoli whereas lower PEEP levels are associated with alveolar instability.
