Blooming seasonality is an important trait in ornamental plants and was selected by humans.Wild roses flower only in spring whereas most cultivated modern roses can flower continuously.This trait is explained by a mut...Blooming seasonality is an important trait in ornamental plants and was selected by humans.Wild roses flower only in spring whereas most cultivated modern roses can flower continuously.This trait is explained by a mutation of a floral repressor gene,RoKSN,a TFL1 homologue.In this work,we studied the origin,the diversity and the selection of the RoKSN gene.We analyzed 270 accessions,including wild and old cultivated Asian and European roses as well as modern roses.By sequencing the RoKSN gene,we proposed that the allele responsible for continuous-flowering,RoKSN copia,originated from Chinese wild roses(Indicae section),with a recent insertion of the copia element.Old cultivated Asian roses with the RoKSN copia allele were introduced in Europe,and the RoKSN copia allele was progressively selected during the 19th and 20th centuries,leading to continuous-flowering modern roses.Furthermore,we detected a new allele,RoKSN A181,leading to a weak reblooming.This allele encodes a functional floral repressor and is responsible for a moderate accumulation of RoKSN transcripts.A transient selection of this RoKSN A181 allele was observed during the 19th century.Our work highlights the selection of different alleles at the RoKSN locus for recurrent blooming in rose.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and bone turnover markers in castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC) patients treated with docetaxel.METHODS: Thirty-three patients were enr...AIM: To investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and bone turnover markers in castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC) patients treated with docetaxel.METHODS: Thirty-three patients were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen generated by metalloproteinases(1CTP) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were measured at the start of docetaxel chemotherapy. We examined the relationship between clinicopathological features and serum levels of 1CTP and ALP levels in CRPC patients treated with docetaxel.RESULTS: For the total patient group, the mean ± standard deviation(SD) values for docetaxel chemotherapy dose, dose intensity, dosage interval, and num-ber of cycles were 59.3 ± 10.6 mg/m2, 13.9 ± 5.2 mg/m2 per week, 4.7 ± 1.2 wk, and 11.2 ± 7.4, respectively. Fourteen patients died from prostate cancer. Patients were divided into two groups according to mean + SD of serum 1CTP(8.2 ng/m L) and ALP(538.2 IU/L) levels at the start of docetaxel chemotherapy. Patients with lower levels of serum 1CTP and ALP had significantly better survivals than those with higher serum levels(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Serum levels of 1CTP and ALP are predictors of survival in patients with CRPC who are treated with docetaxel.展开更多
文摘Blooming seasonality is an important trait in ornamental plants and was selected by humans.Wild roses flower only in spring whereas most cultivated modern roses can flower continuously.This trait is explained by a mutation of a floral repressor gene,RoKSN,a TFL1 homologue.In this work,we studied the origin,the diversity and the selection of the RoKSN gene.We analyzed 270 accessions,including wild and old cultivated Asian and European roses as well as modern roses.By sequencing the RoKSN gene,we proposed that the allele responsible for continuous-flowering,RoKSN copia,originated from Chinese wild roses(Indicae section),with a recent insertion of the copia element.Old cultivated Asian roses with the RoKSN copia allele were introduced in Europe,and the RoKSN copia allele was progressively selected during the 19th and 20th centuries,leading to continuous-flowering modern roses.Furthermore,we detected a new allele,RoKSN A181,leading to a weak reblooming.This allele encodes a functional floral repressor and is responsible for a moderate accumulation of RoKSN transcripts.A transient selection of this RoKSN A181 allele was observed during the 19th century.Our work highlights the selection of different alleles at the RoKSN locus for recurrent blooming in rose.
基金Supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology,Tokyo,Japan,No.22591761,No.23791792
文摘AIM: To investigate the relationship between clinicopathological features and bone turnover markers in castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC) patients treated with docetaxel.METHODS: Thirty-three patients were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen generated by metalloproteinases(1CTP) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were measured at the start of docetaxel chemotherapy. We examined the relationship between clinicopathological features and serum levels of 1CTP and ALP levels in CRPC patients treated with docetaxel.RESULTS: For the total patient group, the mean ± standard deviation(SD) values for docetaxel chemotherapy dose, dose intensity, dosage interval, and num-ber of cycles were 59.3 ± 10.6 mg/m2, 13.9 ± 5.2 mg/m2 per week, 4.7 ± 1.2 wk, and 11.2 ± 7.4, respectively. Fourteen patients died from prostate cancer. Patients were divided into two groups according to mean + SD of serum 1CTP(8.2 ng/m L) and ALP(538.2 IU/L) levels at the start of docetaxel chemotherapy. Patients with lower levels of serum 1CTP and ALP had significantly better survivals than those with higher serum levels(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Serum levels of 1CTP and ALP are predictors of survival in patients with CRPC who are treated with docetaxel.
