Insomnia is a common sleep disorder among older adults,and a risk factor for poor physical and mental health.However,the relationship between insomnia and cognitive health is not well understood.Here,we review observa...Insomnia is a common sleep disorder among older adults,and a risk factor for poor physical and mental health.However,the relationship between insomnia and cognitive health is not well understood.Here,we review observational studies that have investigated whether insomnia is associated with deficits in objective cognitive performance and an increased risk of dementia,magnetic resonance imaging studies that have assessed grey matter volumes and white matter microstructure,and interventional studies that have explored whether the treatment of insomnia can improve cognitive outcomes.There are inconsistent findings regarding impaired performance in objective cognitive tests and reduced grey matter volumes,and limited,emerging,evidence that suggests that insomnia is associated with an increased risk of dementia and reduced white matter integrity.Although the interventional literature is still in its infancy,there is some indication that treatment may have an impact on vigilance.Well-powered studies examining sources of heterogeneity are warranted.展开更多
Alzheimer disease(AD)is the most common type of dementia characterized by the progressive cognitive and social decline.Clinical drug targets have heavily focused on the amyloid hypothesis,with amyloid beta(Aβ),and ta...Alzheimer disease(AD)is the most common type of dementia characterized by the progressive cognitive and social decline.Clinical drug targets have heavily focused on the amyloid hypothesis,with amyloid beta(Aβ),and tau proteins as key pathophysiologic markers of AD.However,no effective treatment has been developed so far,which prompts researchers to focus on other aspects of AD beyond Aβ,and tau proteins.Additionally,there is a mounting epidemiologic evidence that various environmental factors influence the development of dementia and that dementia etiology is likely heterogenous.In the past decades,new risk factors or potential etiologies have been widely studied.Here,we review several novel epidemiologic and clinical research developments that focus on sleep,hypoxia,diet,gut microbiota,and hearing impairment and their links to AD published in recent years.At the frontiers of AD research,these findings and updates could be worthy of further attention.展开更多
文摘Insomnia is a common sleep disorder among older adults,and a risk factor for poor physical and mental health.However,the relationship between insomnia and cognitive health is not well understood.Here,we review observational studies that have investigated whether insomnia is associated with deficits in objective cognitive performance and an increased risk of dementia,magnetic resonance imaging studies that have assessed grey matter volumes and white matter microstructure,and interventional studies that have explored whether the treatment of insomnia can improve cognitive outcomes.There are inconsistent findings regarding impaired performance in objective cognitive tests and reduced grey matter volumes,and limited,emerging,evidence that suggests that insomnia is associated with an increased risk of dementia and reduced white matter integrity.Although the interventional literature is still in its infancy,there is some indication that treatment may have an impact on vigilance.Well-powered studies examining sources of heterogeneity are warranted.
文摘Alzheimer disease(AD)is the most common type of dementia characterized by the progressive cognitive and social decline.Clinical drug targets have heavily focused on the amyloid hypothesis,with amyloid beta(Aβ),and tau proteins as key pathophysiologic markers of AD.However,no effective treatment has been developed so far,which prompts researchers to focus on other aspects of AD beyond Aβ,and tau proteins.Additionally,there is a mounting epidemiologic evidence that various environmental factors influence the development of dementia and that dementia etiology is likely heterogenous.In the past decades,new risk factors or potential etiologies have been widely studied.Here,we review several novel epidemiologic and clinical research developments that focus on sleep,hypoxia,diet,gut microbiota,and hearing impairment and their links to AD published in recent years.At the frontiers of AD research,these findings and updates could be worthy of further attention.
