When the disastrous tsunamis hit East Japan on 11 March 2011, the hi-tech information transmission system that is the pride of Japan was unable to send out the Tsunami Warnings effectively;many lives were lost as a re...When the disastrous tsunamis hit East Japan on 11 March 2011, the hi-tech information transmission system that is the pride of Japan was unable to send out the Tsunami Warnings effectively;many lives were lost as a result. Subsequently, the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) set up a committee of experts to improve the overall system. Last year as a result of their meetings, a report on The Improvement of the Information Text for the Tsunami Warnings was announced. The changes are, however, problematic from the linguistics perspective as the committee did not include any experts in the field. This study examines a range of recordings of the Tsunami Warnings and the Evacuation Instructionsi given for the East Japan tsunami disaster from the perspective of linguistics, especially pragmatics, whose main objective is to discover how recipients interpret verbal messages. The aim of this article is to propose further improvement to the transmission system of Tsunami Warnings and Evacuation Instructions. This study also emphasizes the necessity and importance of reexamining the overall disaster information transmission issue in Japan, from the linguistics perspective.展开更多
Background:Emerging data suggested that liquid biopsy such as detection of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and cell-free tumor DNA analysis augments the management of patients with urothelial cancer(UC).We presented our ...Background:Emerging data suggested that liquid biopsy such as detection of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and cell-free tumor DNA analysis augments the management of patients with urothelial cancer(UC).We presented our pilot experience of liquid biopsy using the Ion Torrent platform to detect CTCs and genomic alterations in UC.Materials and methods:Blood or urine samples from 16 patients were subjected to CTC and plasma/urine cell-free tumor DNA isolation for next generation sequencing(NGS)using the Ion S5 system to detect mutations among 50 oncogenes on the Ion AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel.Results:The Ion Torrent platform detected a higher number of CTCs than those in previous studies using the CellSearch^(TM)system.Overall,mutations were detected in 13/16(81.3%)patients with a median number of 18(range 12-25).NGS isolated 17 hotspot mutations from 11 genes and 41 novel genomic alterations from 24 genes,some of which are supposed to be clinically actionable.Conclusions:The Ion Torrent platform efficiently detected CTCs compared with previous reports.NGS with the present system also allowed for detection of gene alterations which are likely to be therapeutic targets and provided an attractive tool to guide personalized therapy for patients with advanced UC.展开更多
文摘When the disastrous tsunamis hit East Japan on 11 March 2011, the hi-tech information transmission system that is the pride of Japan was unable to send out the Tsunami Warnings effectively;many lives were lost as a result. Subsequently, the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) set up a committee of experts to improve the overall system. Last year as a result of their meetings, a report on The Improvement of the Information Text for the Tsunami Warnings was announced. The changes are, however, problematic from the linguistics perspective as the committee did not include any experts in the field. This study examines a range of recordings of the Tsunami Warnings and the Evacuation Instructionsi given for the East Japan tsunami disaster from the perspective of linguistics, especially pragmatics, whose main objective is to discover how recipients interpret verbal messages. The aim of this article is to propose further improvement to the transmission system of Tsunami Warnings and Evacuation Instructions. This study also emphasizes the necessity and importance of reexamining the overall disaster information transmission issue in Japan, from the linguistics perspective.
文摘Background:Emerging data suggested that liquid biopsy such as detection of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)and cell-free tumor DNA analysis augments the management of patients with urothelial cancer(UC).We presented our pilot experience of liquid biopsy using the Ion Torrent platform to detect CTCs and genomic alterations in UC.Materials and methods:Blood or urine samples from 16 patients were subjected to CTC and plasma/urine cell-free tumor DNA isolation for next generation sequencing(NGS)using the Ion S5 system to detect mutations among 50 oncogenes on the Ion AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel.Results:The Ion Torrent platform detected a higher number of CTCs than those in previous studies using the CellSearch^(TM)system.Overall,mutations were detected in 13/16(81.3%)patients with a median number of 18(range 12-25).NGS isolated 17 hotspot mutations from 11 genes and 41 novel genomic alterations from 24 genes,some of which are supposed to be clinically actionable.Conclusions:The Ion Torrent platform efficiently detected CTCs compared with previous reports.NGS with the present system also allowed for detection of gene alterations which are likely to be therapeutic targets and provided an attractive tool to guide personalized therapy for patients with advanced UC.
