Gynostemma(G.) pentaphyllum(Cucurbitaceae) contains various bioactive gypenosides. Ethanol extract from G. pentaphyllum(GP-EX) has been shown to have ameliorative effects on the death of dopaminergic neurons in animal...Gynostemma(G.) pentaphyllum(Cucurbitaceae) contains various bioactive gypenosides. Ethanol extract from G. pentaphyllum(GP-EX) has been shown to have ameliorative effects on the death of dopaminergic neurons in animal models of Parkinson’s disease(PD) induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-and 6-hydroxydopamine. PD patients exhibit multiple symptoms, so PD-related research should combine neurotoxin models with genetic models. In the present study, we investigated the ameliorative effects of GP-EX, including gypenosides, on the cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain of A53 T α-synuclein transgenic mouse models of PD(A53 T). Both GP-EX and gypenosides at 50 mg/kg per day were orally administered to the A53 T mice for 20 weeks.α-Synuclein-immunopositive cells and α-synuclein phosphorylation were increased in the midbrain of A53 T mice, which was reduced following treatment with GP-EX. Treatment with GP-EX modulated the reduced phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK1/2), Bcl-2-associated death promoter(Bad) at Ser112, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK1/2) due to α-synuclein overexpression. In the A53 T group, GP-EX treatment prolonged the latency of the step-through passive avoidance test and shortened the transfer latency of the elevated plus maze test. Gypenosides treatment exhibited the effects and efficacy similar to those of GP-EX. Taken together, GP-EX, including gypenosides, has ameliorative effects on dopaminergic neuronal cell death due to the overexpression of α-synuclein by modulating ERK1/2, Bad at Ser112, and JNK1/2 signaling in the midbrain of A53 T mouse model of PD. Further studies are needed to investigate GP-EX as a treatment for neurodegenerative synucleinopathies, including PD. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Chungbuk National University(approval No. CBNUA-956-16-01) on September 21, 2016.展开更多
Medicinal herbs are well known and studied over the past millennia in most of the developing countries as a rational means of treatment against various diseases and disorders.Wedelolactone(WDL),a major bioactive compo...Medicinal herbs are well known and studied over the past millennia in most of the developing countries as a rational means of treatment against various diseases and disorders.Wedelolactone(WDL),a major bioactive compound in Eclipta prostrata L(Eclipta alba L),has been reported with potential benefits in human health against chronic diseases.However,a comprehensive study on WDL pharmacological benefits in various ailments,to the best of our knowledge,is not yet reported.Thereof,the present review provides the recent therapeutic applications in reference to biological and functional activities against major human chronic diseases,including cardiovascular,cancer,diabetes mellitus,liver disease,Alzheimer’s disease,and androgenetic alopecia.In this study,we collected all the relevant experimental information on WDL from Scientific databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,Science Direct,and Google Scholar.Conclusively,WDL is recognized as a key anti-oxidant with both specific regulator and inhibitor of major drug targetable proteins in human chronic diseases and disorders.Hence,WDL as a novel therapeutic bioactive molecule is advised to explore further for relevant pharmacological activities.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea,grant No.2016R1D1A3B03930722(to MKL),Republic of Korea
文摘Gynostemma(G.) pentaphyllum(Cucurbitaceae) contains various bioactive gypenosides. Ethanol extract from G. pentaphyllum(GP-EX) has been shown to have ameliorative effects on the death of dopaminergic neurons in animal models of Parkinson’s disease(PD) induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-and 6-hydroxydopamine. PD patients exhibit multiple symptoms, so PD-related research should combine neurotoxin models with genetic models. In the present study, we investigated the ameliorative effects of GP-EX, including gypenosides, on the cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain of A53 T α-synuclein transgenic mouse models of PD(A53 T). Both GP-EX and gypenosides at 50 mg/kg per day were orally administered to the A53 T mice for 20 weeks.α-Synuclein-immunopositive cells and α-synuclein phosphorylation were increased in the midbrain of A53 T mice, which was reduced following treatment with GP-EX. Treatment with GP-EX modulated the reduced phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK1/2), Bcl-2-associated death promoter(Bad) at Ser112, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK1/2) due to α-synuclein overexpression. In the A53 T group, GP-EX treatment prolonged the latency of the step-through passive avoidance test and shortened the transfer latency of the elevated plus maze test. Gypenosides treatment exhibited the effects and efficacy similar to those of GP-EX. Taken together, GP-EX, including gypenosides, has ameliorative effects on dopaminergic neuronal cell death due to the overexpression of α-synuclein by modulating ERK1/2, Bad at Ser112, and JNK1/2 signaling in the midbrain of A53 T mouse model of PD. Further studies are needed to investigate GP-EX as a treatment for neurodegenerative synucleinopathies, including PD. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Chungbuk National University(approval No. CBNUA-956-16-01) on September 21, 2016.
文摘Medicinal herbs are well known and studied over the past millennia in most of the developing countries as a rational means of treatment against various diseases and disorders.Wedelolactone(WDL),a major bioactive compound in Eclipta prostrata L(Eclipta alba L),has been reported with potential benefits in human health against chronic diseases.However,a comprehensive study on WDL pharmacological benefits in various ailments,to the best of our knowledge,is not yet reported.Thereof,the present review provides the recent therapeutic applications in reference to biological and functional activities against major human chronic diseases,including cardiovascular,cancer,diabetes mellitus,liver disease,Alzheimer’s disease,and androgenetic alopecia.In this study,we collected all the relevant experimental information on WDL from Scientific databases such as PubMed,Web of Science,Science Direct,and Google Scholar.Conclusively,WDL is recognized as a key anti-oxidant with both specific regulator and inhibitor of major drug targetable proteins in human chronic diseases and disorders.Hence,WDL as a novel therapeutic bioactive molecule is advised to explore further for relevant pharmacological activities.
