The Moon-based Ultraviolet Telescope(MUVT) is one of the payloads on the Chang'e-3(CE-3) lunar lander. Because of the advantages of having no atmospheric disturbances and the slow rotation of the Moon, we can make...The Moon-based Ultraviolet Telescope(MUVT) is one of the payloads on the Chang'e-3(CE-3) lunar lander. Because of the advantages of having no atmospheric disturbances and the slow rotation of the Moon, we can make long-term continuous observations of a series of important celestial objects in the near ultraviolet band(245～340 nm), and perform a sky survey of selected areas, which cannot be completed on Earth. We can find characteristic changes in celestial brightness with time by analyzing image data from the MUVT, and deduce the radiation mechanism and physical properties of these celestial objects after comparing with a physical model. In order to explain the scientific purposes of MUVT, this article analyzes the preprocessing of MUVT image data and makes a preliminary evaluation of data quality. The results demonstrate that the methods used for data collection and preprocessing are effective, and the Level 2A and 2B image data satisfy the requirements of follow-up scientific researches.展开更多
We describe the photometric calibration of the Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope(LUT), the first robotic astronomical telescope working on the lunar surface, for its first six months of operation on the lunar surface....We describe the photometric calibration of the Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope(LUT), the first robotic astronomical telescope working on the lunar surface, for its first six months of operation on the lunar surface. Two spectral datasets(set A and B) from near-ultraviolet(NUV) to the optical band were constructed with 44 International Ultraviolet Explorer(IUE) standards, because of the LUT's relatively wide wavelength coverage. Set A was obtained by extrapolating the IUE NUV spectra(λ < 3200 ) to the optical band based upon the theoretical spectra of stellar atmosphere models. Set B was composed of theoretical spectra from 2000 to 8000 extracted from the same model grid. In total, seven standards have been observed in15 observational runs until May 2014. The calibration results show that the photometric performance of LUT is highly stable in its first six months of operation. The magnitude zero points obtained from the two spectral datasets are also consistent with each other, i.e., zp = 17.54 ± 0.09 mag(set A) and zp = 17.52 ± 0.07 mag(set B).展开更多
AIM: To determine the expression of c-Fos, caspase-3 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the cervical cord and stomach of rats with cervical spondylosis, to analyze their relationship, and to offer an explanation of one p...AIM: To determine the expression of c-Fos, caspase-3 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the cervical cord and stomach of rats with cervical spondylosis, to analyze their relationship, and to offer an explanation of one possible cause for functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) caused by cervical spondylosis. METHODS: The cervical spondylosis model in rats was established by destroying the stability of cervical posterior column. The cord segments C4-6 and gastric antrum were collected 3 mo and 5 mo after the operation. Rats with the sham operation were used as controls. The expressions of c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β in the cervical cord and gastric antrum were determined by immunohistochemistry and/or Western blot. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining showed a few c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β-positive cells in the cervical cord and antrum in the control. There was a significant increase in c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β expression in model groups compared to the control groups at 3 mo and 5 mo after operation. More importantly, there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β expression in the model group rats at 3 mo compared to those at 5 mo after the operation (c-Fos: 11.20 ± 2.26 vs 27.68 ± 4.36 in the cervical cord, 11.3 ± 2.3 vs 29.3 ± 4.6 in the gastric antrum; caspase-3: 33.83 ± 3.71 vs 36.32 ± 4.01 in the cervical cord, 13.23 ± 3.21 vs 26.32 ± 4.01 in the gastric antrum; IL-1β: 42.06 ± 2.95 vs 45.91 ± 3.98 in the cervical cord, 26.56 ± 2.65 vs 32.01 ± 2.98 in the gastric antrum). Western blotanalysis showed time-dependent changes of caspase-3 and IL-1β protein in the cervical cord and gastric antrum of rats with cervical spondylosis; there was no significant expression of caspase-3 and IL-1β protein in the control group at 3 mo and 5 mo after the sham operation, whereas there was a significant difference in caspase-3 and IL-1β protein levels between the model group rats followed up for 3 mo and those for 5 mo (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a significant association of c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β expressions in the gastric antrum with that in the spinal cord in rats with cervical spondylosis, suggesting that the gastrointestinal function may be affected by cervical spondylosis.展开更多
Background:Melanoma has poor survival rate owing to its aggressiveness and high rates of metastasis and recurrence.Only few effective therapies are available for metastatic melanoma,so,development of novel anti-metast...Background:Melanoma has poor survival rate owing to its aggressiveness and high rates of metastasis and recurrence.Only few effective therapies are available for metastatic melanoma,so,development of novel anti-metastatic drugs is in urgent need.Cordyceps sinensis is a well-known and common Chinese medicine and has been used as anti-cancer adjuvant treatments for many years.In our study,we aim to evaluate the effects of water extracts of Cordyceps sinensis(WECS)in A375 melanoma cells and in zebrafish model of melanoma metastasis.Methods:Initially,we detected the effect of WECS on the viability in A375 melanoma cells by MTT assay and colony formation assay,and then we detected the effect of WECS on adhesion and metastasis by wound healing assay and Transwell chambers assays.Next,we also explored underlying mechanism by Western blot.Notably,in vivo anti-metastasis assays with A375 zebrafish xenograft model also were performed.Results:As expected,our results found that WECS suppressed proliferation,adhesion and metastasis in A375 melanoma cells via regulating AKT/MMP2/MMP9 pathways and cell cycle.Furthermore,we also confirmed anti-metastasis efficacy of WECS with A375 zebrafish xenograft model.Conclusion:Overall,our results indicate that WECS,as a kind of metastasis inhibitor,may be developed as a new therapeutic strategy for metastatic melanoma treatment.展开更多
[Objectives] To determine the content of main active flavonoids in the moxa roll and moxa cone from different producing areas and provide a reference for the quality control of finished moxa roll and moxa cone. [Metho...[Objectives] To determine the content of main active flavonoids in the moxa roll and moxa cone from different producing areas and provide a reference for the quality control of finished moxa roll and moxa cone. [Methods]Using HPLC,with kaempferol,jaceosidin and eupatilin as reference substance,there comparative analysis was done on the content of kaempferol,jaceosidin and eupatilin in the moxa roll and moxa cone from different producing areas. [Results]11 lots of samples contained kaempferol,jaceosidin and eupatilin,but the content differed significantly. [Conclusions] There was a large difference in the content of three kinds of flavonoids in the moxa roll and moxa cone from different producing areas,and the study provided a reference for the quality evaluation and quality control of moxa roll and moxa cone.展开更多
We demonstrate an experimental method for the in situ temperature measurement of atomic vapor using the saturated absorption spectrum. By separately manipulating the frequency of the pump and probe beams, the position...We demonstrate an experimental method for the in situ temperature measurement of atomic vapor using the saturated absorption spectrum. By separately manipulating the frequency of the pump and probe beams, the position of the crossover peaks can move along the spectrum. Different velocity classes of atoms contribute to the crossover during the movement. We study the relationship between the intensity change of peaks and vapor temperature. Our experimental result around room temperature shows a deviation of less than 0.3 K. Compared with traditional thermometry using absorption spectroscopy, higher accuracy can theoretically be achieved with real-time thermometry.展开更多
Molecular mechanisms transducing physical forces in the bone microenvironment to regulate bone mass are poorly understood.Here,we used mouse genetics,mechanical loading,and pharmacological approaches to test the possi...Molecular mechanisms transducing physical forces in the bone microenvironment to regulate bone mass are poorly understood.Here,we used mouse genetics,mechanical loading,and pharmacological approaches to test the possibility that polycystin-1 and Wwtr1 have interdependent mechanosensing functions in osteoblasts.We created and compared the skeletal phenotypes of control Pkd1^(flox/)+;Wwtr1^(flox/)+,Pkd1^(Oc-cKO),Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO),and Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice to investigate genetic interactions.Consistent with an interaction between polycystins and Wwtr1 in bone in vivo,Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice exhibited greater reductions of BMD and periosteal MAR than either Wwtr1Oc-cKOor Pkd1^(Oc-cKO)mice.Micro-CT 3D image analysis indicated that the reduction in bone mass was due to greater loss in both trabecular bone volume and cortical bone thickness in Pkd1/Wwtr1Oc-cKO mice compared to either Pkd1Oc-cKOor Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice.Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice also displayed additive reductions in mechanosensing and osteogenic gene expression profiles in bone compared to Pkd1Oc-cKOor Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice.Moreover,we found that Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice exhibited impaired responses to tibia mechanical loading in vivo and attenuation of loadinduced mechanosensing gene expression compared to control mice.Finally,control mice treated with a small molecule mechanomimetic,MS2 that activates the polycystin complex resulted in marked increases in femoral BMD and periosteal MAR compared to vehicle control.In contrast,Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice were resistant to the anabolic effects of MS2.These findings suggest that PC1 and Wwtr1 form an anabolic mechanotransduction signaling complex that mediates mechanical loading responses and serves as a potential novel therapeutic target for treating osteoporosis.展开更多
The second(O2)observational campaign of gravitational waves(GWs)organized by the LIGO/Virgo Collaborations has led to several breakthroughs such as the detection of GW signals from merger systems involving black holes...The second(O2)observational campaign of gravitational waves(GWs)organized by the LIGO/Virgo Collaborations has led to several breakthroughs such as the detection of GW signals from merger systems involving black holes or neutrons stars.During O2,14 GW alerts were sent to the astronomical community with sky regions mostly covering over hundreds of square degrees.Among them,six were finally confirmed as real astrophysical events.Since 2013,a new set of ground-based robotic telescopes called Ground-based Wide Angle Camera system(GWAC)project and its pathfinder mini-GWAC has been developed to contribute to the various challenges of multi-messenger and time domain astronomy.The GWAC system is built up in the framework of the ground-segment system of the SVOM mission that will be devoted to the study of the multi-wavelength transient sky in the next decade.During O2,only the mini-GWAC telescope network was fully operational.Due to the wide field of view and fast automatic follow-up capabilities of the mini-GWAC telescopes,they were adept to efficiently cover the sky localization areas of GW event candidates.In this paper,we present the mini-GWAC pipeline we have set up to respond to GW alerts and we report our optical follow-up observations of eight GW alerts detected during the O2 run.Our observations provided the largest coverage of the GW localization areas with a short latency made by any optical facility.We found tens of optical transient candidates in our images,but none of those could be securely associated with any confirmed black hole-black hole merger event.Based on this first experience and the near future technical improvements of our network system,we will be more competitive in detecting the optical counterparts from some GW events that will be identified during the upcoming O3 run,especially those emerging from binary neutron star mergers.展开更多
文摘The Moon-based Ultraviolet Telescope(MUVT) is one of the payloads on the Chang'e-3(CE-3) lunar lander. Because of the advantages of having no atmospheric disturbances and the slow rotation of the Moon, we can make long-term continuous observations of a series of important celestial objects in the near ultraviolet band(245～340 nm), and perform a sky survey of selected areas, which cannot be completed on Earth. We can find characteristic changes in celestial brightness with time by analyzing image data from the MUVT, and deduce the radiation mechanism and physical properties of these celestial objects after comparing with a physical model. In order to explain the scientific purposes of MUVT, this article analyzes the preprocessing of MUVT image data and makes a preliminary evaluation of data quality. The results demonstrate that the methods used for data collection and preprocessing are effective, and the Level 2A and 2B image data satisfy the requirements of follow-up scientific researches.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘We describe the photometric calibration of the Lunar-based Ultraviolet Telescope(LUT), the first robotic astronomical telescope working on the lunar surface, for its first six months of operation on the lunar surface. Two spectral datasets(set A and B) from near-ultraviolet(NUV) to the optical band were constructed with 44 International Ultraviolet Explorer(IUE) standards, because of the LUT's relatively wide wavelength coverage. Set A was obtained by extrapolating the IUE NUV spectra(λ < 3200 ) to the optical band based upon the theoretical spectra of stellar atmosphere models. Set B was composed of theoretical spectra from 2000 to 8000 extracted from the same model grid. In total, seven standards have been observed in15 observational runs until May 2014. The calibration results show that the photometric performance of LUT is highly stable in its first six months of operation. The magnitude zero points obtained from the two spectral datasets are also consistent with each other, i.e., zp = 17.54 ± 0.09 mag(set A) and zp = 17.52 ± 0.07 mag(set B).
基金Supported by the Science Foundation of Chinese Post-doctor
文摘AIM: To determine the expression of c-Fos, caspase-3 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the cervical cord and stomach of rats with cervical spondylosis, to analyze their relationship, and to offer an explanation of one possible cause for functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) caused by cervical spondylosis. METHODS: The cervical spondylosis model in rats was established by destroying the stability of cervical posterior column. The cord segments C4-6 and gastric antrum were collected 3 mo and 5 mo after the operation. Rats with the sham operation were used as controls. The expressions of c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β in the cervical cord and gastric antrum were determined by immunohistochemistry and/or Western blot. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining showed a few c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β-positive cells in the cervical cord and antrum in the control. There was a significant increase in c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β expression in model groups compared to the control groups at 3 mo and 5 mo after operation. More importantly, there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β expression in the model group rats at 3 mo compared to those at 5 mo after the operation (c-Fos: 11.20 ± 2.26 vs 27.68 ± 4.36 in the cervical cord, 11.3 ± 2.3 vs 29.3 ± 4.6 in the gastric antrum; caspase-3: 33.83 ± 3.71 vs 36.32 ± 4.01 in the cervical cord, 13.23 ± 3.21 vs 26.32 ± 4.01 in the gastric antrum; IL-1β: 42.06 ± 2.95 vs 45.91 ± 3.98 in the cervical cord, 26.56 ± 2.65 vs 32.01 ± 2.98 in the gastric antrum). Western blotanalysis showed time-dependent changes of caspase-3 and IL-1β protein in the cervical cord and gastric antrum of rats with cervical spondylosis; there was no significant expression of caspase-3 and IL-1β protein in the control group at 3 mo and 5 mo after the sham operation, whereas there was a significant difference in caspase-3 and IL-1β protein levels between the model group rats followed up for 3 mo and those for 5 mo (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a significant association of c-Fos, caspase-3 and IL-1β expressions in the gastric antrum with that in the spinal cord in rats with cervical spondylosis, suggesting that the gastrointestinal function may be affected by cervical spondylosis.
基金Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(MIIT)(2016051913)Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Natural Medicine)Translational Medicine,Institute of Medical Plant Development,Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
文摘Background:Melanoma has poor survival rate owing to its aggressiveness and high rates of metastasis and recurrence.Only few effective therapies are available for metastatic melanoma,so,development of novel anti-metastatic drugs is in urgent need.Cordyceps sinensis is a well-known and common Chinese medicine and has been used as anti-cancer adjuvant treatments for many years.In our study,we aim to evaluate the effects of water extracts of Cordyceps sinensis(WECS)in A375 melanoma cells and in zebrafish model of melanoma metastasis.Methods:Initially,we detected the effect of WECS on the viability in A375 melanoma cells by MTT assay and colony formation assay,and then we detected the effect of WECS on adhesion and metastasis by wound healing assay and Transwell chambers assays.Next,we also explored underlying mechanism by Western blot.Notably,in vivo anti-metastasis assays with A375 zebrafish xenograft model also were performed.Results:As expected,our results found that WECS suppressed proliferation,adhesion and metastasis in A375 melanoma cells via regulating AKT/MMP2/MMP9 pathways and cell cycle.Furthermore,we also confirmed anti-metastasis efficacy of WECS with A375 zebrafish xenograft model.Conclusion:Overall,our results indicate that WECS,as a kind of metastasis inhibitor,may be developed as a new therapeutic strategy for metastatic melanoma treatment.
文摘[Objectives] To determine the content of main active flavonoids in the moxa roll and moxa cone from different producing areas and provide a reference for the quality control of finished moxa roll and moxa cone. [Methods]Using HPLC,with kaempferol,jaceosidin and eupatilin as reference substance,there comparative analysis was done on the content of kaempferol,jaceosidin and eupatilin in the moxa roll and moxa cone from different producing areas. [Results]11 lots of samples contained kaempferol,jaceosidin and eupatilin,but the content differed significantly. [Conclusions] There was a large difference in the content of three kinds of flavonoids in the moxa roll and moxa cone from different producing areas,and the study provided a reference for the quality evaluation and quality control of moxa roll and moxa cone.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61703025)。
文摘We demonstrate an experimental method for the in situ temperature measurement of atomic vapor using the saturated absorption spectrum. By separately manipulating the frequency of the pump and probe beams, the position of the crossover peaks can move along the spectrum. Different velocity classes of atoms contribute to the crossover during the movement. We study the relationship between the intensity change of peaks and vapor temperature. Our experimental result around room temperature shows a deviation of less than 0.3 K. Compared with traditional thermometry using absorption spectroscopy, higher accuracy can theoretically be achieved with real-time thermometry.
基金supported by National Institutes of Health(NIH),National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases(Grant RO1-AR071930)National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases(Grant RO1 DK121132)supported by the Office of Science of the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No.DE-AC05-00OR22725。
文摘Molecular mechanisms transducing physical forces in the bone microenvironment to regulate bone mass are poorly understood.Here,we used mouse genetics,mechanical loading,and pharmacological approaches to test the possibility that polycystin-1 and Wwtr1 have interdependent mechanosensing functions in osteoblasts.We created and compared the skeletal phenotypes of control Pkd1^(flox/)+;Wwtr1^(flox/)+,Pkd1^(Oc-cKO),Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO),and Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice to investigate genetic interactions.Consistent with an interaction between polycystins and Wwtr1 in bone in vivo,Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice exhibited greater reductions of BMD and periosteal MAR than either Wwtr1Oc-cKOor Pkd1^(Oc-cKO)mice.Micro-CT 3D image analysis indicated that the reduction in bone mass was due to greater loss in both trabecular bone volume and cortical bone thickness in Pkd1/Wwtr1Oc-cKO mice compared to either Pkd1Oc-cKOor Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice.Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice also displayed additive reductions in mechanosensing and osteogenic gene expression profiles in bone compared to Pkd1Oc-cKOor Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice.Moreover,we found that Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice exhibited impaired responses to tibia mechanical loading in vivo and attenuation of loadinduced mechanosensing gene expression compared to control mice.Finally,control mice treated with a small molecule mechanomimetic,MS2 that activates the polycystin complex resulted in marked increases in femoral BMD and periosteal MAR compared to vehicle control.In contrast,Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc-cKO)mice were resistant to the anabolic effects of MS2.These findings suggest that PC1 and Wwtr1 form an anabolic mechanotransduction signaling complex that mediates mechanical loading responses and serves as a potential novel therapeutic target for treating osteoporosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11533003,11673006,U1331202,U1931133 and U1938201)the Guangxi Science Foundation(2016GXNSFFA380006,AD17129006and 2018GXNSFGA281007)+3 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB23040000)the Strategic Pioneer Program on Space Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA15052600)financial support from the Chinese Academy of Sciences PIFI post-doctoral fellowship program(program C)financial support of the Univ Earth S Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cité(ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02)
文摘The second(O2)observational campaign of gravitational waves(GWs)organized by the LIGO/Virgo Collaborations has led to several breakthroughs such as the detection of GW signals from merger systems involving black holes or neutrons stars.During O2,14 GW alerts were sent to the astronomical community with sky regions mostly covering over hundreds of square degrees.Among them,six were finally confirmed as real astrophysical events.Since 2013,a new set of ground-based robotic telescopes called Ground-based Wide Angle Camera system(GWAC)project and its pathfinder mini-GWAC has been developed to contribute to the various challenges of multi-messenger and time domain astronomy.The GWAC system is built up in the framework of the ground-segment system of the SVOM mission that will be devoted to the study of the multi-wavelength transient sky in the next decade.During O2,only the mini-GWAC telescope network was fully operational.Due to the wide field of view and fast automatic follow-up capabilities of the mini-GWAC telescopes,they were adept to efficiently cover the sky localization areas of GW event candidates.In this paper,we present the mini-GWAC pipeline we have set up to respond to GW alerts and we report our optical follow-up observations of eight GW alerts detected during the O2 run.Our observations provided the largest coverage of the GW localization areas with a short latency made by any optical facility.We found tens of optical transient candidates in our images,but none of those could be securely associated with any confirmed black hole-black hole merger event.Based on this first experience and the near future technical improvements of our network system,we will be more competitive in detecting the optical counterparts from some GW events that will be identified during the upcoming O3 run,especially those emerging from binary neutron star mergers.
