Objective The present study was undertaken to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of lanthanum and to determine the no observed adverse effect level（NOAEL）,which is a critical factor in the establishment of an acceptab...Objective The present study was undertaken to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of lanthanum and to determine the no observed adverse effect level（NOAEL）,which is a critical factor in the establishment of an acceptable dietary intake（ADI）.Methods In accordance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development（OECD） testing guidelines,lanthanum nitrate was administered once daily by gavage to Sprague-Dawley（SD） rats at dose levels of 0,1.5,6.0,24.0,and 144.0 mg/kg body weight（BW） per day for 90 days,followed by a recovery period of 4 weeks in the 144.0 mg/kg BW per day and normal control groups.Outcome parameters were mortality,clinical symptoms,body and organ weights,serum chemistry,and food consumption,as well as ophthalmic,urinary,hematologic,and histopathologic indicators.The benchmark dose（BMD） approach was applied to estimate a point of departure for the hazard risk assessment of lanthanum.Results Significant decreases were found in the 144.0 mg/kg BW group in the growth index,including body weight,organ weights,and food consumption.This study suggests that the NOAEL of lanthanum nitrate is 24.0 mg/kg BW per day.Importantly,the 95% lower confidence value of the benchmark dose（BMDL） was estimated as 9.4 mg/kg BW per day in females and 19.3 mg/kg BW per day in males.Conclusion The present subchronic oral exposure toxicity study may provide scientific data for the risk assessment of lanthanum and other rare earth elements（REEs）.展开更多
目的分析少弱精子不育症患者中医证候的流行病学特征。方法应用临床流行病学调查中横断面研究的方法,全部数据由两个横断面数据组成,统计数据中人口学、病史、中医证候诊断等30余种指标并进行整理汇总,运用SPSS20.0 for windows对数据...目的分析少弱精子不育症患者中医证候的流行病学特征。方法应用临床流行病学调查中横断面研究的方法,全部数据由两个横断面数据组成,统计数据中人口学、病史、中医证候诊断等30余种指标并进行整理汇总,运用SPSS20.0 for windows对数据进行处理,采用构成比的方法进行统计学分析。结果在所调查的所有少弱精子不育症患者中,年龄平均值为32.8岁,出现最多的六个症状为腰膝酸软、神疲乏力、耳鸣盗汗、早泄、阴囊潮湿、失眠多梦;证型分布上,以肾阳虚衰证与肾阴不足证的患者最多,复合型证候中占比最多的为肾阴阳两虚证。结论少弱精子不育症患者中医证候以肾虚证为主,肾阳亏虚与肾阴不足可影响肾的功能进而引起不育,中医以肾为核心的生殖生理理论对于指导不育症的防治具有重要意义。展开更多
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effects of yttrium nitrate on neurobehaviora development in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Dams were orally exposed to 0, 5, 15, or 45 mg/kg daily of yttrium nitrate fro...Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effects of yttrium nitrate on neurobehaviora development in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Dams were orally exposed to 0, 5, 15, or 45 mg/kg daily of yttrium nitrate from gestation day （GD） 6 to postnatal day （PND） 21. Body weight and food consumption were monitored weekly. Neurobehavior was assessed by developmental landmarks and reflexes, motor activity, hot plate, Rota-rod and cognitive tests. Additionally, brain weights were measured on PND 21 and 70. Results No significant difference was noted among all groups for maternal body weight and food consumption. All yttrium-exposed offspring showed an increase in body weight on PND 21; however, no significant difference in body weight for exposed pups versus controls was observed 2 weeks or more after the yttrium solution was discontinued. The groups given 5 mg/kg daily decreased significantly in the duration of female forelime grip strength and ambulation on PND 13. There was no significant difference between yttrium-exposed offspring and controls with respect to other behavioral ontogeny parameters and postnatal behavioral test results. Conclusion Exposure of rats to yttrium nitrate in concentrations up to 45 mg/kg daily had no adverse effects on their neurobehavioral development.展开更多
基金supported by China Food Safety Talent Competency Development Initiative:CFSA 523 Programthe National Natural Science Foundation of China[No.81402683]
文摘Objective The present study was undertaken to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of lanthanum and to determine the no observed adverse effect level（NOAEL）,which is a critical factor in the establishment of an acceptable dietary intake（ADI）.Methods In accordance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development（OECD） testing guidelines,lanthanum nitrate was administered once daily by gavage to Sprague-Dawley（SD） rats at dose levels of 0,1.5,6.0,24.0,and 144.0 mg/kg body weight（BW） per day for 90 days,followed by a recovery period of 4 weeks in the 144.0 mg/kg BW per day and normal control groups.Outcome parameters were mortality,clinical symptoms,body and organ weights,serum chemistry,and food consumption,as well as ophthalmic,urinary,hematologic,and histopathologic indicators.The benchmark dose（BMD） approach was applied to estimate a point of departure for the hazard risk assessment of lanthanum.Results Significant decreases were found in the 144.0 mg/kg BW group in the growth index,including body weight,organ weights,and food consumption.This study suggests that the NOAEL of lanthanum nitrate is 24.0 mg/kg BW per day.Importantly,the 95% lower confidence value of the benchmark dose（BMDL） was estimated as 9.4 mg/kg BW per day in females and 19.3 mg/kg BW per day in males.Conclusion The present subchronic oral exposure toxicity study may provide scientific data for the risk assessment of lanthanum and other rare earth elements（REEs）.
文摘目的分析少弱精子不育症患者中医证候的流行病学特征。方法应用临床流行病学调查中横断面研究的方法,全部数据由两个横断面数据组成,统计数据中人口学、病史、中医证候诊断等30余种指标并进行整理汇总,运用SPSS20.0 for windows对数据进行处理,采用构成比的方法进行统计学分析。结果在所调查的所有少弱精子不育症患者中,年龄平均值为32.8岁,出现最多的六个症状为腰膝酸软、神疲乏力、耳鸣盗汗、早泄、阴囊潮湿、失眠多梦;证型分布上,以肾阳虚衰证与肾阴不足证的患者最多,复合型证候中占比最多的为肾阴阳两虚证。结论少弱精子不育症患者中医证候以肾虚证为主,肾阳亏虚与肾阴不足可影响肾的功能进而引起不育,中医以肾为核心的生殖生理理论对于指导不育症的防治具有重要意义。
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program(2012BAK01B00)
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to assess the effects of yttrium nitrate on neurobehaviora development in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Dams were orally exposed to 0, 5, 15, or 45 mg/kg daily of yttrium nitrate from gestation day （GD） 6 to postnatal day （PND） 21. Body weight and food consumption were monitored weekly. Neurobehavior was assessed by developmental landmarks and reflexes, motor activity, hot plate, Rota-rod and cognitive tests. Additionally, brain weights were measured on PND 21 and 70. Results No significant difference was noted among all groups for maternal body weight and food consumption. All yttrium-exposed offspring showed an increase in body weight on PND 21; however, no significant difference in body weight for exposed pups versus controls was observed 2 weeks or more after the yttrium solution was discontinued. The groups given 5 mg/kg daily decreased significantly in the duration of female forelime grip strength and ambulation on PND 13. There was no significant difference between yttrium-exposed offspring and controls with respect to other behavioral ontogeny parameters and postnatal behavioral test results. Conclusion Exposure of rats to yttrium nitrate in concentrations up to 45 mg/kg daily had no adverse effects on their neurobehavioral development.
