The extracts from hulls, brans and flours of Fagopyrum esculentum M6ench （FEM, three varieties） and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth （FTG, seven varieties） were screened for free and bound phenolic content or total ...The extracts from hulls, brans and flours of Fagopyrum esculentum M6ench （FEM, three varieties） and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth （FTG, seven varieties） were screened for free and bound phenolic content or total phenolic content （TPC）, as well as 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl （DPPH） free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Free phenolics were predominant in buckwheat hulls, brans and flours. FEM hulls extract exhibited the highest reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity with the average ECs0 84.54 μg mL^-1 and IC50 11.54 μg mL^-1 respectively, FTG brans extract had the highest average TPC （24.87 mg GAE g^-1 DW）, and FEM flours extract showed the lowest TPC, reducing power and radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, the correlations among TPC, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power of all the samples were investigated. The rank correlation coefficient （rs） between reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat hulls, between TPC and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat flours were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively （P〈0.05）. However, there is no significant correlation between the remaining indexes of hulls and flours, as well as the ten buckwheat brans. This result indicated that some non-phenolic compounds also contributed to the total antioxidant activity in hulls, brans and flours of buckwheats. This study demonstrated that buckwheat hulls and brans, rather than flours, are good source of antioxidants.展开更多
Eleven grape cultivars were analysed to explore the variety differences of fresh grape phenolic profiles. The results showed that free phenolics were predominant in grape skins and pulps, and showed the higher antioxi...Eleven grape cultivars were analysed to explore the variety differences of fresh grape phenolic profiles. The results showed that free phenolics were predominant in grape skins and pulps, and showed the higher antioxidant activities than bound. In 11 cultivars, Muscat Kyoho extracts had the highest total phenolic content in skins(10.525 mg GAE g^(–1) FW) and pulps(1.134 mg GAE g^(–1) FW), and exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavening capacity(EC_(50)=11.7 μg mL^(–1)) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC) value(190.57 μmol TE g^(–1) FW) of free phenolic in skin. In addition, the most abundant phenolics in grape skins were found to be flavonoids such as kaempferol in Kyoho skin(541.2 μg g^(–1) FW), rutin, catechin and epicatechin in Muscat Kyoho skin(262.3, 86.3 and 70.0 μg g^(–1) FW, respectively). Furthermore, the principal component analysis showed a strong difference of phenolic profiles with the cultivars, existing forms and distributions. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant linear correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity(P<0.05). Therefore, both skins and pulps were rich sources of bioactive phenolic compounds, and Muscat Kyoho was the ideal source among all samples.展开更多
The fresh postharvest golden needle mushroom(Flammulina velutipes) sporocarp has a high moisture content and crisp texture, but it still has high physiological activity and respiration, leading to senescence and quali...The fresh postharvest golden needle mushroom(Flammulina velutipes) sporocarp has a high moisture content and crisp texture, but it still has high physiological activity and respiration, leading to senescence and quality deterioration.Treatments with 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP) and polypropylene(PP) crispers were used to study the changes of lignification and softening of F. velutipes during storage. The main findings were as follows: the crisper packaging could effectively prolong the storage time of F. velutipes;either the 1-MCP treatment, crisper packaging or the combination of the two treatments could significantly inhibit the accumulation of lignin and the decreases in the contents of cellulose and pectin, and had certain inhibitory effects on the activities of enzymes involved in lignification and softening including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase(CAD), cellulase(Cx), pectin methylesterase(PME) and polygalacturonase(PG). Among them, the inhibitory effect of the crisper packaging was higher than the 1-MCP treatment, while the combination of the two treatments was the best. The results of transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) showed that the crisper packaging in combination with the 1-MCP treatment could effectively maintain the integrity and stability of the F. velutipes cellular structure and inhibit the emergence of plasmolysis to prevent cell membrane rupture. The transcription levels showed that the crisper packaging and the combination of the 1-MCP treatment and crisper packing could effectively affect the expression of genes for enzymes related to lignification and softening of F. velutipes. In conclusion, 1-MCP and PP crispers could delay the lignification and softening of F. velutipes during storage.展开更多
Morchella angusticeps Peck,one of the most popular edible mushrooms,has attracted great attention due to its delicious taste and healthy properties.However,both its biological effects and the possible mechanism of act...Morchella angusticeps Peck,one of the most popular edible mushrooms,has attracted great attention due to its delicious taste and healthy properties.However,both its biological effects and the possible mechanism of action have not yet been known.We investigated the anti-proliferative activity of the phenolic extract derived from Morchella angusticeps Peck(MPE)against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Results showed that MPE at non-cytotoxicity doses significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner with inhibitory rates ranging from 18 to 90%(P<0.01).The possible mechanism might be that MPE induced apoptosis through initiating the mitochondrial death pathway by regulating Bax,Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3.On the other hand,MPE might trigger cell cycle arrest at G0/G1/S phases by managing p21,Cyclin D1,cyclin-dependent kinases-4(CDK4)and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA).Additionally,MPE downregulated TRAF-2 and p-p53,while upregulated p-ASK1 and p-p38.Therefore,it could be inferred that MPE might induce the anti-proliferative function to HepG2 cells through the p38/MAPK signal transduction pathway.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (XDJK2012B014)
文摘The extracts from hulls, brans and flours of Fagopyrum esculentum M6ench （FEM, three varieties） and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth （FTG, seven varieties） were screened for free and bound phenolic content or total phenolic content （TPC）, as well as 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl （DPPH） free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Free phenolics were predominant in buckwheat hulls, brans and flours. FEM hulls extract exhibited the highest reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity with the average ECs0 84.54 μg mL^-1 and IC50 11.54 μg mL^-1 respectively, FTG brans extract had the highest average TPC （24.87 mg GAE g^-1 DW）, and FEM flours extract showed the lowest TPC, reducing power and radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, the correlations among TPC, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power of all the samples were investigated. The rank correlation coefficient （rs） between reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat hulls, between TPC and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat flours were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively （P〈0.05）. However, there is no significant correlation between the remaining indexes of hulls and flours, as well as the ten buckwheat brans. This result indicated that some non-phenolic compounds also contributed to the total antioxidant activity in hulls, brans and flours of buckwheats. This study demonstrated that buckwheat hulls and brans, rather than flours, are good source of antioxidants.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0400203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471576)
文摘Eleven grape cultivars were analysed to explore the variety differences of fresh grape phenolic profiles. The results showed that free phenolics were predominant in grape skins and pulps, and showed the higher antioxidant activities than bound. In 11 cultivars, Muscat Kyoho extracts had the highest total phenolic content in skins(10.525 mg GAE g^(–1) FW) and pulps(1.134 mg GAE g^(–1) FW), and exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavening capacity(EC_(50)=11.7 μg mL^(–1)) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC) value(190.57 μmol TE g^(–1) FW) of free phenolic in skin. In addition, the most abundant phenolics in grape skins were found to be flavonoids such as kaempferol in Kyoho skin(541.2 μg g^(–1) FW), rutin, catechin and epicatechin in Muscat Kyoho skin(262.3, 86.3 and 70.0 μg g^(–1) FW, respectively). Furthermore, the principal component analysis showed a strong difference of phenolic profiles with the cultivars, existing forms and distributions. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant linear correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity(P<0.05). Therefore, both skins and pulps were rich sources of bioactive phenolic compounds, and Muscat Kyoho was the ideal source among all samples.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471576)the Chongqing Science and Technology Commission,China(cstc2015shmszx80019)。
文摘The fresh postharvest golden needle mushroom(Flammulina velutipes) sporocarp has a high moisture content and crisp texture, but it still has high physiological activity and respiration, leading to senescence and quality deterioration.Treatments with 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP) and polypropylene(PP) crispers were used to study the changes of lignification and softening of F. velutipes during storage. The main findings were as follows: the crisper packaging could effectively prolong the storage time of F. velutipes;either the 1-MCP treatment, crisper packaging or the combination of the two treatments could significantly inhibit the accumulation of lignin and the decreases in the contents of cellulose and pectin, and had certain inhibitory effects on the activities of enzymes involved in lignification and softening including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase(CAD), cellulase(Cx), pectin methylesterase(PME) and polygalacturonase(PG). Among them, the inhibitory effect of the crisper packaging was higher than the 1-MCP treatment, while the combination of the two treatments was the best. The results of transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) showed that the crisper packaging in combination with the 1-MCP treatment could effectively maintain the integrity and stability of the F. velutipes cellular structure and inhibit the emergence of plasmolysis to prevent cell membrane rupture. The transcription levels showed that the crisper packaging and the combination of the 1-MCP treatment and crisper packing could effectively affect the expression of genes for enzymes related to lignification and softening of F. velutipes. In conclusion, 1-MCP and PP crispers could delay the lignification and softening of F. velutipes during storage.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471576,31271825)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(XDJK2018B030,SWU118012).
文摘Morchella angusticeps Peck,one of the most popular edible mushrooms,has attracted great attention due to its delicious taste and healthy properties.However,both its biological effects and the possible mechanism of action have not yet been known.We investigated the anti-proliferative activity of the phenolic extract derived from Morchella angusticeps Peck(MPE)against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Results showed that MPE at non-cytotoxicity doses significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner with inhibitory rates ranging from 18 to 90%(P<0.01).The possible mechanism might be that MPE induced apoptosis through initiating the mitochondrial death pathway by regulating Bax,Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3.On the other hand,MPE might trigger cell cycle arrest at G0/G1/S phases by managing p21,Cyclin D1,cyclin-dependent kinases-4(CDK4)and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA).Additionally,MPE downregulated TRAF-2 and p-p53,while upregulated p-ASK1 and p-p38.Therefore,it could be inferred that MPE might induce the anti-proliferative function to HepG2 cells through the p38/MAPK signal transduction pathway.
文摘目的 观察恩替卡韦联合扶正化瘀胶囊治疗肝郁血瘀型慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法 将60例肝郁血瘀型慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30例;在常规保肝及支持治疗的基础上,对照组仅予恩替卡韦治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合扶正化瘀胶囊治疗;比较治疗前和治疗后4、12、24、48周末两组患者血清乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)DNA水平、乙型肝炎病毒e抗原(hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)定量和肝功能[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)、总胆红素(totol bilirubin,TBIL)]、肝脏瞬时弹性变化情况。结果 治疗4周末,观察组患者血清HBV-DNA转阴率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗48周后,观察组HBeAg转阴率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4周末,两组患者血清ALT、TBIL水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05);治疗12周末,两组患者ALT、TBIL水平均较治疗4周末显著降低(P<0.05);治疗24周末与治疗48周末,两组ALT、TBIL水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。观察组治疗4周末血清ALT、TBIL水平,治疗12、24周末TBIL水平较对照组降低更为明显(P< 0.05)。治疗48周末,两组患者肝脏瞬时弹性均显著降低(P<0.05),观察组肝脏瞬时弹性指标降低程度显著大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 恩替卡韦联合扶正化瘀胶囊治疗有助于提高肝郁血瘀型慢性乙型肝炎患者HBeAg转阴率、HBV-DNA快速应答率,并对肝功能改善和抗肝纤维化均有较好作用。
