The Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Jransporter(SWEET)gene family,identified as sugar transporters,has been demonstrated to play key roles in phloem loading,grain filling,pollen nutrition,and plant-pathogen interac...The Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Jransporter(SWEET)gene family,identified as sugar transporters,has been demonstrated to play key roles in phloem loading,grain filling,pollen nutrition,and plant-pathogen interactions.To date,the study of SWEET genes in response to abiotic stress is very limited.In this study,we performed a genome-wide identification of the SWEET gene family in wheat and examined their expression profiles under mutiple abiotic stresses.We identified a total of 105 wheat SWEET genes,and phylogenic analysis revealed that they fall into five clades,with clade V specific to wheat and its closely related species.Of the 105 wheat SWEET genes,59%exhibited significant expression changes after stress treatments,including drought,heat,heat combined with drought,and salt stresses,and more up-regulated genes were found in response to drought and salt stresses.Further hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that SWEET genes exhibited differential expression patterns in response to different stress treatments or in different wheat cultivars.Moreover,different phylogenetic clades also showed distinct response to abiotic stress treatments.Finally,we found that homoeologous SWEET genes from different wheat subgenomes exhibited differential expression patterns in response to different abiotic stress treatments.The genome-wide analysis revealed the great expansion of SWEET gene family in wheat and their wide participation in abiotic stress response.The expression partitioning of SWEET homoeologs under abiotic stress conditions may confer greater flexibility for hexaploid wheat to adapt to ever changing environments.展开更多
In this paper, we study the possibilities for several kinds of topological, locally linear cyclic group actions of non-prime order on some closed, simply connected 4-manifolds with indefinite intersection form. Especi...In this paper, we study the possibilities for several kinds of topological, locally linear cyclic group actions of non-prime order on some closed, simply connected 4-manifolds with indefinite intersection form. Especially, we discuss the existence of locally linear pseudofree C9 action on this kind of 4-manifolds.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601304 and 31601305)the Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation,China(2017JQ3023)the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Northwest A&F University,China(Z109021611 ,Z109021612).
文摘The Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Jransporter(SWEET)gene family,identified as sugar transporters,has been demonstrated to play key roles in phloem loading,grain filling,pollen nutrition,and plant-pathogen interactions.To date,the study of SWEET genes in response to abiotic stress is very limited.In this study,we performed a genome-wide identification of the SWEET gene family in wheat and examined their expression profiles under mutiple abiotic stresses.We identified a total of 105 wheat SWEET genes,and phylogenic analysis revealed that they fall into five clades,with clade V specific to wheat and its closely related species.Of the 105 wheat SWEET genes,59%exhibited significant expression changes after stress treatments,including drought,heat,heat combined with drought,and salt stresses,and more up-regulated genes were found in response to drought and salt stresses.Further hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that SWEET genes exhibited differential expression patterns in response to different stress treatments or in different wheat cultivars.Moreover,different phylogenetic clades also showed distinct response to abiotic stress treatments.Finally,we found that homoeologous SWEET genes from different wheat subgenomes exhibited differential expression patterns in response to different abiotic stress treatments.The genome-wide analysis revealed the great expansion of SWEET gene family in wheat and their wide participation in abiotic stress response.The expression partitioning of SWEET homoeologs under abiotic stress conditions may confer greater flexibility for hexaploid wheat to adapt to ever changing environments.
基金The Science and Technology Program(20110035) of Shanghai Maritime University
文摘In this paper, we study the possibilities for several kinds of topological, locally linear cyclic group actions of non-prime order on some closed, simply connected 4-manifolds with indefinite intersection form. Especially, we discuss the existence of locally linear pseudofree C9 action on this kind of 4-manifolds.
基金This paper is a phased achievement of the project ＂Research on Restriction Efficacy of Finance Market and Fitted Degree of Accounting Information Disclosure＂ and is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 70472078）.
