Solving high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning in the first week during tobacco cultivation would take much time and effort. In the present study, the growth as well as the leaf sugar and nicotine...Solving high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning in the first week during tobacco cultivation would take much time and effort. In the present study, the growth as well as the leaf sugar and nicotine contents of seedlings with or without leaf burning induced by high-temperature plastic mulching film were tested at two independent sites in 2015 and 2016 to identify the influence of leaf burning on seedling growth. The results showed that the growth of seedlings with leaf burning was improved with increased leaf area, leaf number and plant height compared to those without leaf burning, combined with an increased seedling survival rate at two sites in two years. In seedlings with leaf burning, the contents of fructose and glucose increased and peaked at 11:00 and 13:00 in the leaf and root, respectively, with an increased root nicotine content beginning at 13:00, highlighting the signalling role of sugars. Activities of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) were all increased in seedlings with leaf burning. More plant biomass was allocated to roots in seedlings with leaf burning with increased root volume compared to control seedlings, which might facilitate the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. Our findings demonstrate that high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning not inhibited but benefited seedling survival and growth, suggesting that the time and labour-consuming manual plucking of burnt leaves can be avoided during tobacco cultivation.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province,China (20146015-2,20152099 and 20161097)the Special Fund for Excellent Young Talents of Guizhou Province,China (201534)the Foundation of Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,China (GZYKS2018-02)
文摘Solving high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning in the first week during tobacco cultivation would take much time and effort. In the present study, the growth as well as the leaf sugar and nicotine contents of seedlings with or without leaf burning induced by high-temperature plastic mulching film were tested at two independent sites in 2015 and 2016 to identify the influence of leaf burning on seedling growth. The results showed that the growth of seedlings with leaf burning was improved with increased leaf area, leaf number and plant height compared to those without leaf burning, combined with an increased seedling survival rate at two sites in two years. In seedlings with leaf burning, the contents of fructose and glucose increased and peaked at 11:00 and 13:00 in the leaf and root, respectively, with an increased root nicotine content beginning at 13:00, highlighting the signalling role of sugars. Activities of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase(POD), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) were all increased in seedlings with leaf burning. More plant biomass was allocated to roots in seedlings with leaf burning with increased root volume compared to control seedlings, which might facilitate the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. Our findings demonstrate that high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning not inhibited but benefited seedling survival and growth, suggesting that the time and labour-consuming manual plucking of burnt leaves can be avoided during tobacco cultivation.
文摘【目的】明确贵州烟田土壤pH、交换性钙(Ca^(2+))、交换性镁(Mg^(2+))和碳酸钙(CaCO_(3))的含量分布特征及其相互关系,指导土壤酸碱调节及钙镁肥料施用。【方法】采集贵州全省烟区500个典型烟田耕层(0~20 cm)土样,采用经典方法测定土壤pH、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和CaCO_(3)含量,利用SPSS比较不同成土母质、土壤类型和区域之间pH、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和CaCO_(3)的含量差异,定量分析pH与Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和CaCO_(3)之间的关系。【结果】土壤pH、Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)含量偏低的烟田分别占20.0%、18.2%和56.4%,偏高的烟田分别占37.0%、55.8%和29.6%。CaCO_(3)低于10 g kg^(−1)烟田占88.4%。不同成土母质、土壤类型和烟区土壤pH、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和CaCO_(3)存在一定差异,不同母岩发育的土壤CaCO_(3)无显著差异,水稻土和石灰土pH和Mg^(2+)显著高于其他土壤类型,土壤pH、Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)在不同烟区间的差异性强于CaCO_(3)。pH、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和CaCO_(3)之间均显著正相关(P<0.01),基于全省尺度的pH与Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和CaCO_(3)含量之间一元线性回归模型为:pH=5.065+0.393Mg^(2+)+0.081Ca^(2+)+0.001CaCO_(3)(R 2=0.578,P<0.001,MAE=0.58,RSME=0.71),其精度与基于母岩类型、土壤类型和区域的线性模型大致相当。【结论】贵州烟田土壤pH、交换性钙、交换性镁和碳酸钙含量与分布受到成土母质、土壤类型和区域的影响,pH受交换性钙、交换性镁和碳酸钙的共同影响,烟田土壤酸碱调节及钙镁肥料施用应综合考虑土壤的pH、交换性钙、交换性镁和碳酸钙。
