To further improve upland rice varieties Huhan 3 and Huhan 7, seed samples were sent to outer space with two recoverable spaceships for approximately 1 and 5 d and were propagated for 7 and 5 generations, respectively...To further improve upland rice varieties Huhan 3 and Huhan 7, seed samples were sent to outer space with two recoverable spaceships for approximately 1 and 5 d and were propagated for 7 and 5 generations, respectively. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the morphological traits and the protein and amylose contents of grains changed. Characterization of genomic mutations by the gene-associated simple sequence repeat （SSR） and insertion-delete （InDel） markers indicated that the mutation pattern was very complex. Most of the mutations occurred at the 3＇- or 5＇-end of the fragments in the simple sequence repeat fragment. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） assay showed that mutations in those parts of the SSR affected their gene expression, indicating that gene associated markers would be helpful to isolate functional genes. Field survey for breeding also revealed that more lines with high yield, high quality and drought-tolerance could be selected through aerospace breeding. The results indicate that aerospace mutagenesis resulted in molecular variation, as well as physiological and morphological changes for rice breeding.展开更多
Tetrabromoalkylthiacalix[4]arenes（1a and 1b） reacted with excess bis（tetraethylammonium）-bis（1,3- dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiol）zincate（2） to give thiacalix[4]arene-thiones（3a and 3b） in the presence of Na2S...Tetrabromoalkylthiacalix[4]arenes（1a and 1b） reacted with excess bis（tetraethylammonium）-bis（1,3- dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiol）zincate（2） to give thiacalix[4]arene-thiones（3a and 3b） in the presence of Na2S. Two novel bistetrathiafulvalene-attached thiacalix[4]arene assemblies（5a and 5b） formed via triethyl phosphite-mediated cross-coupling of thiacalix[4]arene-thiones（3a and 3b） and 4,5-biscyanoethylthio-1,3-dithiole-2-one（4）. All the four new compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, MS spectra and elemental analysis. Meanwhile, the structures of thiacalix[4]arene-thiones（3a and 3b） were identified by X-ray analysis. In addition, the cyclic voltammograms of the resulting thiacalix[4]arenes containing electroactive TTF units（5a and 5b） were provided.展开更多
Objective To compare and rank the clinical effects of different acupuncture and related therapies on hyperlipidemia patients.Methods We used network meta-analysis(NMA)to evaluate direct and indirect effects in studies...Objective To compare and rank the clinical effects of different acupuncture and related therapies on hyperlipidemia patients.Methods We used network meta-analysis(NMA)to evaluate direct and indirect effects in studies of acupuncture and related therapies for hyperlipidemia.Databases PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,the China Biology Medicine(CBM),the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data and the Chinese Scientific Journal Database(VIP)were searched to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of acupuncture and related therapies in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.The data were analyzed using Stata 15.0 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software after two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies.Results We analyzed a total of 36 eligible studies that included 3124 patients,involving 12 types of acupuncture and related therapies and comprehensive therapies.The results of the NMA showed that:for the total cholesterol(TC),acupoint catgut embedding(ACE),simple acupuncture(ACU),acupoint injection(AI),electroacupuncture(EA),western medicine of statins(WM),and combination of acupuncture and related therapies(combined therapies)were all more effective than placebo(P<0.05).For triacylglycerol(TG),ACU,EA,warming acupuncture(WA),WM and combined therapies were better than placebo(P<0.05),while WA was better than Chinese herb(CH)(P<0.05).For low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),combined therapies were more effective than lifestyle modification(LM)(P<0.05).For high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),auricular acupoint stimulation(AAS),ACE,ACU,AI,CH,EA,LM,moxibustion(MOX),WM,combined therapies and placebo were all worse than WA(P<0.05),while WM and combined therapies were better than ACU(P<0.05).Combined ranking results suggest that ACU and combined therapies may be the optimal intervention.Conclusions The efficacy of all kinds of acupuncture-related therapies in patients with hyperlipidemia is better than lifestyle changes.However,for different outcome indicators,all kinds of acupuncture-related therapies have their advantages and disadvantages,and comprehensive ranking results suggest that ACU and combined therapies may be the optimal intervention.展开更多
基金supported by the National High-Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2010AA101805)National Key Technology R&D Program of China(Grant No.2013ZX08001-003)Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology Key Projects,China(Grant No.2009-6-4-2)
文摘To further improve upland rice varieties Huhan 3 and Huhan 7, seed samples were sent to outer space with two recoverable spaceships for approximately 1 and 5 d and were propagated for 7 and 5 generations, respectively. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the morphological traits and the protein and amylose contents of grains changed. Characterization of genomic mutations by the gene-associated simple sequence repeat （SSR） and insertion-delete （InDel） markers indicated that the mutation pattern was very complex. Most of the mutations occurred at the 3＇- or 5＇-end of the fragments in the simple sequence repeat fragment. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） assay showed that mutations in those parts of the SSR affected their gene expression, indicating that gene associated markers would be helpful to isolate functional genes. Field survey for breeding also revealed that more lines with high yield, high quality and drought-tolerance could be selected through aerospace breeding. The results indicate that aerospace mutagenesis resulted in molecular variation, as well as physiological and morphological changes for rice breeding.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.201172105, 20872058)
文摘Tetrabromoalkylthiacalix[4]arenes（1a and 1b） reacted with excess bis（tetraethylammonium）-bis（1,3- dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiol）zincate（2） to give thiacalix[4]arene-thiones（3a and 3b） in the presence of Na2S. Two novel bistetrathiafulvalene-attached thiacalix[4]arene assemblies（5a and 5b） formed via triethyl phosphite-mediated cross-coupling of thiacalix[4]arene-thiones（3a and 3b） and 4,5-biscyanoethylthio-1,3-dithiole-2-one（4）. All the four new compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, MS spectra and elemental analysis. Meanwhile, the structures of thiacalix[4]arene-thiones（3a and 3b） were identified by X-ray analysis. In addition, the cyclic voltammograms of the resulting thiacalix[4]arenes containing electroactive TTF units（5a and 5b） were provided.
基金We thank for the funding support from the“Qihuang”Project on the Inheritance and Innovation of Traditional Chinese Medicine funded by National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.284,2018).
文摘Objective To compare and rank the clinical effects of different acupuncture and related therapies on hyperlipidemia patients.Methods We used network meta-analysis(NMA)to evaluate direct and indirect effects in studies of acupuncture and related therapies for hyperlipidemia.Databases PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,the China Biology Medicine(CBM),the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data and the Chinese Scientific Journal Database(VIP)were searched to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of acupuncture and related therapies in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.The data were analyzed using Stata 15.0 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software after two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies.Results We analyzed a total of 36 eligible studies that included 3124 patients,involving 12 types of acupuncture and related therapies and comprehensive therapies.The results of the NMA showed that:for the total cholesterol(TC),acupoint catgut embedding(ACE),simple acupuncture(ACU),acupoint injection(AI),electroacupuncture(EA),western medicine of statins(WM),and combination of acupuncture and related therapies(combined therapies)were all more effective than placebo(P<0.05).For triacylglycerol(TG),ACU,EA,warming acupuncture(WA),WM and combined therapies were better than placebo(P<0.05),while WA was better than Chinese herb(CH)(P<0.05).For low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),combined therapies were more effective than lifestyle modification(LM)(P<0.05).For high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),auricular acupoint stimulation(AAS),ACE,ACU,AI,CH,EA,LM,moxibustion(MOX),WM,combined therapies and placebo were all worse than WA(P<0.05),while WM and combined therapies were better than ACU(P<0.05).Combined ranking results suggest that ACU and combined therapies may be the optimal intervention.Conclusions The efficacy of all kinds of acupuncture-related therapies in patients with hyperlipidemia is better than lifestyle changes.However,for different outcome indicators,all kinds of acupuncture-related therapies have their advantages and disadvantages,and comprehensive ranking results suggest that ACU and combined therapies may be the optimal intervention.
