Silencing of Jumonji domain-containing 1C inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via nuclear factor-κB signaling

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder induced by an imbalance between osteoclastic activity and osteogenic activity.During osteoporosis,bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)exhibit an increased ability to differentiate into adipocytes and a decreased ability to differentiate into osteoblasts,resulting in bone loss.Jumonji domain-containing 1C(JMJD1C)has been demonstrated to suppress osteoclastogenesis.AIM To examine the effect of JMJD1C on the osteogenesis of BMSCs and the potential underlying mechanism.METHODS BMSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow tissues.Oil Red O staining,Alizarin red staining,alkaline phosphatase staining and the expression of adipo-genic and osteogenic-associated genes were assessed to determine the differen-tiation of BMSCs.Bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaΒligand to induce osteoclast differentiation,and osteoclast differen-tiation was confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining.Other related genes were measured via reverse transcription coupled to the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines,including tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta.RESULTS The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs isolated from mouse bone marrow samples was evaluated.JMJD1C mRNA and protein expression was upregulated in BMSCs after osteoblast induction,while p-nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and inflammatory cytokines were not significantly altered.Knockdown of JMJD1C repressed osteogenic differentiation and enhanced NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine release in BMSCs.Moreover,JMJD1C expression decreased during BMM osteoclast differentiation.CONCLUSION The JMJD1C/NF-κB signaling pathway is potentially involved in BMSC osteogenic differentiation and may play vital roles in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.

2023:A year of accomplishments for the 13 Science Citation Index Expanded-and Emerging Sources Citation Index-indexed Baishideng journals

In 2023,Baishideng Publishing Group(Baishideng)routinely published 47 openaccess journals,including 46 English-language journals and 1 Chinese-language journal.Our successes were accomplished through the collective dedicated efforts of Baishideng staffs,Editorial Board Members,and Peer Reviewers.Among these 47 Baishideng journals,7 are included in the Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE)and 6 in the Emerging Sources Citation Index(ESCI).With the support of Baishideng authors,company staffs,Editorial Board Members,and Peer Reviewers,the publication work of 2023 is about to be successfully completed.This editorial summarizes the 2023 activities and accomplishments of the 13 SCIEand ESCI-indexed Baishideng journals,outlines the Baishideng publishing policy changes and additions made this year,and highlights the unique advantages of Baishideng journals.

Effect of information-motivation-behavioral skills model based perioperative nursing on pain in patients with gallstones

BACKGROUND The incidence of cholecystolithiasis is on the rise.Use of information,motivation,and behavioral skills can play a positive role in promoting changes in individual health behaviors.However,reports on the effects of information-motivationbehavioral(IMB)skills model based high-quality nursing as a perioperative nursing intervention for patients with gallstones are nonexistent.AIM To explore the application of IMB skills model based high-quality nursing in patients with gallstones.METHODS Two hundred and sixteen patients with cholecystolithiasis treated at our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were enrolled and divided into a control,highquality,and combined nursing groups,with 72 patients in each group.The control,high-quality,and combination groups received conventional,high-quality,and IMB skills model based perioperative nursing services,respectively.Differences in clinical indicators,stress levels,degree of pain,emotional state,and quality of life were observed,and complications and nursing satisfaction among the three groups were evaluated.RESULTS After nursing,the time to recovery of gastrointestinal function in the high-quality and combined nursing groups was significantly shorter than that of the control group,with the recovery of gastrointestinal function being the fastest in the combined nursing group(P<0.05).After nursing intervention,cortisol and norepinephrine levels in the high-quality and combined nursing groups were closer to normal than those of the control group 24 h after surgery,with the combined nursing group having the closest to normal levels(P<0.05).After 3 and 7 d of intervention,the patients’pain significantly improved,which was more prominent in the highquality and combination groups.Meanwhile,the pain score in the combination group was significantly lower than those of the control and high-quality nursing groups(P<0.05).After nursing intervention,the emotional states of all patients improved,and the scores of patients in the combination group were significantly lower than those of the control and high-quality nursing groups.The quality of life of patients in the high-quality and combined nursing groups significantly improved after nursing intervention compared to that of the control group,with the combined nursing group having the highest quality of life score.After intervention,the incidence of complications in the high-quality and combination groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),but the difference between the combination and high-quality nursing groups was not significant.Nursing satisfaction of patients in the high-quality and combination groups was significantly higher than that of the control group,with the nursing satisfaction being the highest in the combination group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION IMB skills model based nursing can improve surgical stress levels,degrees of pain,emotional state,quality of life,and nursing satisfaction of patients with gallstones and reduce the incidence of complications.

Impact of Sedation Protocols on Elderly Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation and Off-Line Weaning

The proportion of elderly patients in intensive care is increasing, and a significant proportion of them require mechanical ventilation. How to implement safe and effective mechanical ventilation for elderly patients, and when appropriate off-line is an important issue in the field of critical care medicine. Appropriate sedation can improve patient outcomes, but excessive sedation may lead to prolonged mechanical ventilation and increase the risk of complications. Elderly patients should be closely monitored and evaluated on an individual basis while offline, and the sedation regimen should be dynamically adjusted. This requires the healthcare team to consider the patient’s sedation needs, disease status, and pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the drug to arrive at the best strategy. Although the current research has provided valuable insights and strategies for sedation and off-line management, there are still many problems to be further explored and solved.

The Performance of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Various Viral Pneumonia Pandemics: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Objective: To compare the effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and routine mechanical ventilation on mortality and the risk of associated adverse events in patients with severe viral pneumonia. Methods: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and other databases were searched to collect case-control or cohort studies on prognoses associated with ECMO treatment for viral pneumonia. Search terms included extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO, viral pneumonia, COVID-19, influenza, MERS, and others. According to the PICOS principle, two evaluators independently screened the literature, extracted the data, cross-checked the data, and extracted the data again. Two researchers evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and cross-checked the results. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Nine studies were included for analysis, encompassing a total of 4,330 patients, which were categorized into ECMO and CMV groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups in most baseline data;however, the ECMO group had a lower oxygenation index, and some studies reported higher SOFA scores in the ECMO group compared to the CMV group. There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between the two groups. The length of ICU stay, total hospital stay, and total mechanical ventilation time were longer in the ECMO group than in the CMV group. In terms of adverse events, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of kidney injury between the two groups. Bleeding events were reported in two studies, with more bleeding events occurring in the ECMO group. According to the subgroup analysis of different virus types, there were no statistical differences in the above aspects among patients with swine flu, novel coronavirus, and MERS. Conclusion: ECMO has a certain degree of positive significance in the treatment of severe viral pneumonia, but there is no significant difference in the treatment outcome of ECMO across different epidemic periods. The timing of ECMO treatment, patient management, and withdrawal evaluation still need further research.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with enteral nutrition support:a radical treatment strategy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with malignant istulae

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT) significantly increases the survival rate of esophageal squa?mous cell carcinoma(ESCC) patients with malignant fistulae. Recent clinical evidence has shown the benefits of enteral nutrition for malnourished cancer patients. In this study, we aimed to validate that, with the support of enteral nutrition, ESCC patients who develop malignant fistulae might be able to complete CCRT and achieve long?term survival.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 652 patients with ESCC who received definitive CCRT at Sun Yat?sen University Cancer Center between January 2010 and December 2012. Treatment outcome and toxicity were ret?rospectively evaluated in 40 ESCC patients with malignant fistulae. All the 40 patients were treated with CCRT and evaluated by clinical nutritionists using nutrition risk screening(NRS) before, during, and after treatment. Twenty?two patients received a nasogastric tube, and 18 underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding. The median energy intake was 2166 kcal/day. Treatment response was evaluated at 3 months after the completion of CCRT.Results: With a median follow?up of 18 months(range, 3–39 months), patients' 1?year overall survival(OS) rate was 62.5%, and the estimated OS time was 25.5 months. Univariate analysis showed that the NRS score(P n NRS score(P se to treatment(P < 0.001) were sig= 0.003), increase i= 0.024), fistula closure(P = 0.011), and responnifi?cantly associated with OS. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor response(P = 0.044) and increase in NRS score(P = 0.044) were independent predictors of OS. Grade 3 vomiting was observed in 8 patients(20.0%), grade 3 neutro?penia was observed in 11 patients(27.5%), and grade 3 cough was observed in 13 patients(32.5%); 2 patients(5.0%) died of massive bleeding during treatment.Conclusions: CCRT combined with enteral nutrition support is effective for ESCC patients with malignant fistulae. Patients have an increased potential to be cured, especially those who experience complete response and have an increase in NRS score. Careful observation and nutrition support are required for patients with advanced T?category ESCC who undergo CCRT.

COMBINATION OF γ-INTERFERON WITH TRAIL AND CISPLATIN OR ETOPOSIDE INDUCES APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN NEUROBLASTOMA CELL LINE SH-SY5Y

Objective To study the effect of γ-interferon (IFNγ), tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), and cisplatin or etoposide induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y and its possible molecular mechanisms.Methods The expressions of Caspase 8 mRNA and protein were detected with RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The effects of IFNγ, TRAIL, IFNγ+TRAIL, IFNγ+Caspase 8 inhibitor+TRAIL, IFNγ+cisplatin+TRAIL, and IFNγ+etoposide+TRAIL on the growth and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells were detected with the methods of MTT and flow cytometry. The relative Caspase 8 activity was measured with colorimetric assay. Results Caspase 8 was undetectable in SH-SY5Y cells but an increased expression of Caspase 8 mRNA and protein was found after treatment with IFNγ. SH-SY5Y cells themselves were not sensitive to TRAIL, but those expressing Caspase 8 after treatment with IFNγ were. The killing effect of TRAIL on SH-SY5Y cells expressing Caspase 8 was depressed by Caspase 8 inhibitor. Cisplatin and etoposide could enhance the sensitivity of TRAIL on SH-SY5Y cells. The relative Caspase 8 activity of SH-SY5Y cells in IFNγ+TRAIL group was significantly higher than those of control group, IFNγ group, TRAIL group, and inhibitor group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference among IFNγ+TRAIL group, IFNγ+cisplatin+TRAIL group, and IFNγ+etoposide+TRAIL group.Conclusions IFNγ could sensitize SH-SY5Y cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and this may be realized by the upregulation of Caspase 8. Cisplatin and etoposide could enhance the killing effect of TRAIL on SH-SY5Y cells.

Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of liver in an old female:Case report and review of the literature

The clinical characteristics of undifferentiated(embryonal) sarcoma of the liver(UESL) were investigated and the best treatment modalities were recommended.Both histology and immuno-histochemistry demonstrated the cellular features of this peculiar tumor.The tumor size was 12 cm × 9 cm × 8 cm in the right liver lobe.The patient underwent surgical resection of the tumor.The postoperative recovery was uneventful and she died eight months after diagnosis.The tumor showed mixed spindle and polygonal cells within the myxoid matrix.Some tumor cells contained eosinophilic hyaline globules that were positive for resistant diastase.Immunohistochemistry showed positive vimentin.Stellate and spindle cells were positively stained with alpha-1-antichymotrypsin(AACT) and CD68.This case indicates that UESL is not obviously differentiated in old-aged adults.

Current status of clinical nursing specialists and the demands of osteoporosis specialized nurses in China's Mainland

The clinical nursing specialist(CNS)is an expert who applies an expanded range of practical,theoretical,and research-based competencies to the care of patients within in a specialty clinical area within the larger discipline of nursing.A large number of studies consistently conclude that the CNS is a valuable healthcare resource that provides highquality clinical and evidence-based nursing practice and improves patient outcome.The CNS has been involved in healthcare practices for many years,with an increasingly diverse role.However,the training for the CNS in China is only in a preliminary developmental stage.The aim of this article is to review the history and development of the CNS role.Furthermore,the epidemiologic status of osteoporosis,as well as the feasibility and necessity of developing training programs in China for the osteoporosis CNS,will be discussed.

Differences in Thermal Preference and Tolerance among Three Phrynocephalus Lizards (Agamidae) with Different Body Sizes and Habitat Use

We acclimated adults of two viviparous （Phrynocephalus guinanens＆ and P. vlangalii） and one oviparous （P. versicolor） species of toad-headed lizards （Agamidae） to 28 ℃, 33 ℃ and 38 ℃ to examine whether thermal preference （preferred body temperature, Tp） and thermal tolerance （critical thermal minimum, CTMin; critical thermal maximum, CTMax） were affected by acclimation temperature, and correlate with body size and habitat use. Both Tp and CTMax were highest in P. versicolor and lowest in P. vlangalii, with P. guinanensis in between. The two viviparous species did not differ in CTMin and thermal tolerance range, and they both were more resistant to low temperatures and had a wider range of thermal tolerance than the oviparous species. Both CTMin and CTMax shifted upward as acclimation temperature increased in all the three species. Tp was higher in the lizards acclimated to 33 ℃ than in those to 28 ℃ or 38 ℃. The range of thermal tolerance was wider in the lizards acclimated to 28 ℃ than in those to 33 ℃ or 38 ℃. The data showed that： 1） thermal preference and tolerance were affected by acclimation temperature, and differed among the three species of Phrynocephalus lizards with different body sizes and habitat uses; 2） both Tp and CTMax were higher in the species exchanging heat more rapidly with the environment, and CTMin was higher in the species using warmer habitats during the active season; and 3） thermal preference and tolerance might correlat with body size and habitat use in Phrynocephalus lizards.

Preparation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates of nitrile hydratase ES-NHT-118 from E.coli by macromolecular cross-linking agent

Cross-linked enzyme aggregates(CLEAs) of nitrile hydratase(NHase) ES-NHT-118 from Escherichia coli were prepared by using ammonium sulfate as precipitating agent followed by cross-linking with dextran polyaldehyde for the first time. In this process, egg white was added as protein feeder for facilitating the formation of CLEAs. The optimal conditions of the immobilization process were determined. Michaelis constants(Km) of free NHase and NHase CLEAs were also determined. The NHase CLEAs exhibited increased stability at varied pH and temperature conditions compared to its free counterpart. When exposed to high concentrations of acrylamide, NHase CLEAs also exhibited effective catalytic activity.

Optimal flexibility dispatch of demand side resources with high penetration of renewables:a Stackelberg game method

To promote the utilization of renewable energy,such as photovoltaics,this paper proposes an optimal flexibility dispatch method for demand-side resources(DSR)based on the Stackelberg game theory.First,the concept of the generalized DSR is analyzed and flexibility models for various DSR are constructed.Second,owing to the characteristics of small capacity but large-scale,an outer approximation is proposed to describe the aggregate flexibility of DSR.Then,the optimal flexibility dispatch model of DSR based on the Stackelberg game is established and a decentralized solution algorithm is designed to obtain the Stackelberg equilibrium.Finally,the actual data are utilized for the case study and the results show that,compared to the traditional centralized optimization method,the proposed optimal flexibility dispatch method can not only reduce the net load variability of the DSR aggregator but is beneficial for all DSR owners,which is more suitable for practical applications.

Maternal Thermal Effects on Female Reproduction and Hatchling Phenotype in the Chinese Skink(Plestiodon chinensis)

We maintained gravid Chinese skinks(Plestiodon chinensis) at three constant temperatures(25, 28 and 31 °C) during gestation, and randomly assigned eggs from each female to one of the same three temperatures for incubation to determine maternal thermal effects on female reproduction and hatchling phenotype. Maternal temperature affected egg-laying date, hatching success and hatchling linear size(snout-vent length, SVL) but not clutch size, egg size, egg component, and embryonic stage at laying. More specifically, females at higher temperatures laid eggs earlier than did those at low temperatures, eggs laid at 31 °C were less likely to hatch than those laid at 25 °C or 28 °C, and hatchlings from eggs laid at 31 °C were smaller in SVL. Our finding that maternal temperature(pre-ovipositional thermal condition) rather than incubation temperature(post-ovipositional thermal condition) affected hatching success indicated that embryos at early stages were more vulnerable to temperature than those at late stages. Our data provide an inference that moderate maternal temperatures enhance reproductive fitness in P. chinensis.

TNFα inhibitor C87 sensitizes EGFRvⅢ transfected glioblastoma cells to gefitinib by a concurrent blockade of TNFα signaling

Objective: More than half of human glioblastomas show EGFR gene amplification and mutation, but EGFR inhibitors have not been effective in treating EGFR-positive glioblastoma patients.The mechanism behind this type of primary resistance is not well understood.The aim of this study was to investigate gefitinib resistance in glioblastoma, and explore ways to circumvent this significant clinical problem.Methods: MTT method was used to test the cell viability after EGFR-positive glioblastoma cells were treated with indicated drugs;real-time quantitative PCR method was included to detect the TNFα mRNA levels in glioma tissues and cell lines.ELISA was introduced to measure the TNFα protein levels in cell culture supernatant of glioblastoma cells treated with gefitinib.Western blot was used to detect the activity change of intracellular kinases in drug-treated glioblastoma cells.Two mouse xenograft tumor models were carried out to evaluate the in vivo effects of a combination of EGFR and TNFα inhibitors.Results: We found that glioblastoma resistance to gefitinib may be mediated by an adaptive pro-survival TNFα-JNK-Axl signaling axis, and that high TNFα levels in the glioblastoma microenvironment may further intensify primary resistance.A combination of the TNFα-specific small-molecule inhibitor C87 and gefitinib significantly enhanced the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to gefitinib in vitro and in vivo.Conclusions: Our findings provide a possible explanation for the primary resistance of glioblastoma to EGFR inhibitors and suggest that dual blockade of TNFα and EGFR may be a viable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with chemotherapy-refractory advanced glioblastoma.

Estimates of AGN Black Hole Mass and Minimum Variability Timescale

Black hole mass is one of the fundamental physical parameters of active galactic nuclei （AGNs）, for which many methods of estimation have been proposed. One set of methods assumes that the broad-line region （BLR） is gravitationally bound by the central black hole potential, so the black hole mass can be estimated from the orbital radius and the Doppler velocity. Another set of methods assumes the observed variability timescale is determined by the orbital timescale near the innermost stable orbit around the Schwarzschild black hole or the Kerr black hole, or by the characteristic timescale of the accretion disk. We collect a sample of 21 AGNs, for which the minimum variability timescales have been obtained and their black hole masses （Mσ） have been well estimated from the stellar velocity dispersion or the BLR size-luminosity relation. Using the minimum variability timescales we estimated the black hole masses for 21 objects by the three different methods, the results are denoted by Ms, Mk and Md,respectively. We compared each of them with Mσ individually and found that： （1） using the minimum variability timescale with the Kerr black hole theory leads to small differences between Mσ and Mk, none exceeding one order of magnitude, and the mean difference between them is about 0.53 dex; （2） using the minimum variability timescale with the Schwarzschild black hole theory leads to somewhat larger difference between Mσ and Ms： larger than one order of magnitude for 6 of the 21 sources, and the mean difference is 0.74 dex; （3） using the minimum variability timescale with the accretion disk theory leads to much larger differences between Mσ and Md, for 13 of the 21 sources the differences are larger than two orders of magnitude; and the mean difference is as high as about 2.01 dex.

Software-aided detection and structural characterization of cyclic peptide metabolites in biological matrix by high-resolution mass spectrometry

Compared to their linear counterparts,cyclic peptides show better biological activities,such as antibacterial,immunosuppressive,and anti-tumor activities,and pharmaceutical properties due to their conformational rigidity.However,cyclic peptides could form numerous putative metabolites from potential hydrolytic cleavages and their fragments are very difficult to interpret.These characteristics pose a great challenge when analyzing metabolites of cyclic peptides by mass spectrometry.This study was to assess and apply a software-aided analytical workflow for the detection and structural characterization of cyclic peptide metabolites.Insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP)as model cyclic peptides were incubated with trypsin/chymotrypsin and/or rat liver S9,followed by data acquisition using TripleTOF?5600.Resultant full-scan MS and MS/MS datasets were automatically processed through a combination of targeted and untargeted peak finding strategies.MS/MS spectra of predicted metabolites were interrogated against putative metabolite sequences,in light of a,b,y and internal fragment series.The resulting fragment assignments led to the confirmation and ranking of the metabolite sequences and identification of metabolic modification.As a result,29 metabolites with linear or cyclic structures were detected in the insulin incubation with the hydrolytic enzymes.Sequences of twenty insulin metabolites were further determined,which were consistent with the hydrolytic sites of these enzymes.In the same manner,multiple metabolites of insulin and ANP formed in rat liver S9 incubation were detected and structurally characterized,some of which have not been previously reported.The results demonstrated the utility of software-aided data processing tool in detection and identification of cyclic peptide metabolites.

Case management does not decrease mortality of patients with myocardial infarction or unstable angina:Evidence from a systematic review

Objective:To objectively assess the impact of case management on patients with myocardial infarction or unstable angina.Methods:PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials(RCTs)published through February 2015.The quality of eligible studies was independently assessed by two investigators.The primary outcome assessed from included studies was all-cause mortality,with total cholesterol,systolic and diastolic blood pressures,smoking cessation rates and cost-effectiveness as secondary outcomes.The pooled effect sizes were expressed as relative risk,odds risk,and standard mean difference with 95%confidence intervals.Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using Cochrane Q and determined with an I2 statistic.Results:After the initial search,a total of four studies divided into six RCTs that included 1293 participants met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed.The results of meta-and descriptive analyses failed to identify any significant differences in all-cause mortality during the follow-up period of up to 36 months.Furthermore,a definitive conclusion for remaining indicators could not be drawn due to limited evidence.Conclusion:Case management is not beneficial to all-cause mortality after myocardial infarction or unstable angina compared to routine care.Additional,prospective RCTs of high quality and large scale are warranted to verify these results.

Meta-Analysis of Trials Comparing Gemcitabine and Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin for Treatment in Women with Progressive or Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects ofgemcitabine versus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patientswith progressive or recurrent ovarian cancer.METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search toidentify all randomized controlled trials comparing gemcitabineand pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for progressive orrecurrent ovarian cancer. Trial data were reviewed and extractedindependently by 2 reviewers. We evaluated the quality of theincluded studies using the Handbook 5.0 recommend standardsand then analyzed data by Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0.RESULTS Two trials which included a total of 348 patients wereanalyzed. The results of meta-analysis showed that gemcitabineimproved disease control rates significantly better than pegylatedliposomal doxorubicin. A greater number of patients receivinggemcitabine experienced neutropenia compared with patientsreceiving pegylated liposomal doxorubicin; however, hand-footsyndrome and mucositis were more severe in patients receivingpegylated liposomal doxorubicin.CONCLUSION Gemcitabine provided a limited advantagecompared with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. There existsan urgent need for more high-quality, multicenter, adequaterandomized, controlled clinical trials for comparing gemcitabinewith pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in patients withprogressive/recurrent ovarian cancer.

以“学”为中心的问题式实验教学改革

基础化学实验不仅可以验证化学理论和训练实验技能,更应注重学生分析问题、解决问题能力的提升。针对基础学科拔尖学生的培养,我们本着因材施教的理念,开展了基础化学实验课程的教学内容、知识体系、教学方法的改革和实践。通过构建以“学”为中心、问题为导向的教学模式,系统提升实验教学在人才培养中的效果和作用。

Mean-square exponential stability for stochastic time-varying delay systems with Markovian jumping parameters:a delay decomposition approach

The mean-square exponential stability problem is investigated for a class of stochastic time-varying delay systems with Markovian jumping parameters. By decomposing the delay interval into multiple equidistant subintervals, a new delay-dependent and decay-rate-dependent criterion is presented based on constructing a novel Lyapunov functional and employing stochastic analysis technique. Besides, the decay rate has no conventional constraint and can be selected according to different practical conditions. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to show that the obtained result has less conservatism than some existing ones in the literature.