目的检索、评价并整合国内外眼科超声乳化手柄清洗质量管理的相关证据,为临床实践提供指导。方法计算机检索国际指南协作网、美国国立指南网、BMJ Best Practice、PubMed、万方数据库、中国知网等网站或数据库中关于眼科超声乳化手柄清...目的检索、评价并整合国内外眼科超声乳化手柄清洗质量管理的相关证据,为临床实践提供指导。方法计算机检索国际指南协作网、美国国立指南网、BMJ Best Practice、PubMed、万方数据库、中国知网等网站或数据库中关于眼科超声乳化手柄清洗质量管理的所有证据,包括指南、专家共识、系统评价及证据总结,检索时限为从建库至2023年2月15日。结果共纳入10篇文献,其中实践指南4篇,专家共识4篇,系统评价1篇,证据总结1篇。总结了管理要求、环境要求、设备设施与耗材要求、人员要求、操作要求、现场预处理、回收转运、清洗及清洗质量评价9个方面共38条证据。结论该研究总结了眼科超声乳化手柄清洗质量管理的最佳证据,为规范超声乳化手柄的清洗质量管理提供了循证依据,可为提高眼科器械清洗质量水平、预防与控制医院感染发生提供参考。展开更多
A detailed survey of the reefs in the Nansha Islands＇ sea that are of strategic importance is conducive to their future development. In this study, a total of 50 Landsat 8 operational land imager（OLI） images were u...A detailed survey of the reefs in the Nansha Islands＇ sea that are of strategic importance is conducive to their future development. In this study, a total of 50 Landsat 8 operational land imager（OLI） images were used to analyze the geological features and spectral characteristics of the Nansha reefs. The exposed islands/sandbanks,reef flats and sub-tidal reefs were identified with the near-infrared band, the red and green bands, and the blue band, respectively. Based on the relationships among various characteristics and bands illustrated in the OLI images, the maximum between-cluster variance threshold algorithm（OTSU method） and the mathematical morphology were employed to extract characteristic parameters of the spatial geometry of the reefs from top to bottom, which were subsequently operated by a series of post-processing methods such as vectorization,simplification and topological analysis. Among the 132 standalone reefs and 16 atolls that are identified in the study, four reefs have yet to be named in the Standard Names of Various Islands in the South China Sea and the website Nansha Islands Online（http：//www.nansha.org/）. Another 24 ones are exposed to the atmosphere even during high tides. Taiping Island with an area of 0.57 km^2 represents the largest exposed geological feature. This study demonstrated the applicability of medium-resolution satellite images to derive the coral reef information effectively and thus provided information for the related departments that are responsible to manage the coast.An improved resolution of multispectral bands with the panchromatic band in higher spatial resolution（15 m for OLI image） is expected to provide an optimum satellite based approach to map marine habitats.展开更多
The hallmark of development in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) of East China has been sprawling urbanization. However, air pollution is a significant problem in these urban areas. In this paper, we investigated and analy...The hallmark of development in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) of East China has been sprawling urbanization. However, air pollution is a significant problem in these urban areas. In this paper, we investigated and analyzed the air pollution index(API) in four cities(Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Ningbo) in the YRD from 2001 to 2012. We attempted to empirically examine the relationship between meteorological factors and air quality in the urban areas of the YRD. According to the monitoring data, the API in Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou slightly declined and that in Ningbo increased over the study period. We analyzed the inter-annual, seasonal, and monthly variations of API, from which we found that the air quality had different temporal changes in the four cities. It was indicated that air quality was poor in winter and spring and best in summer. Furthermore, different weather conditions affected air quality level. The wind direction was considered as an important and influential factor to air pollution, which has an impact on the accumulating or cleaning processes of pollutants. The air quality was influenced by the different wind directions that varied with seasons and cities.展开更多
With the wide use of high-resolution remotely sensed imagery, the object-oriented remotely sensed informa- tion classification pattern has been intensively studied. Starting with the definition of object-oriented remo...With the wide use of high-resolution remotely sensed imagery, the object-oriented remotely sensed informa- tion classification pattern has been intensively studied. Starting with the definition of object-oriented remotely sensed information classification pattern and a literature review of related research progress, this paper sums up 4 developing phases of object-oriented classification pattern during the past 20 years. Then, we discuss the three aspects of method- ology in detail, namely remotely sensed imagery segmentation, feature analysis and feature selection, and classification rule generation, through comparing them with remotely sensed information classification method based on per-pixel. At last, this paper presents several points that need to be paid attention to in the future studies on object-oriented RS in- formation classification pattern: 1) developing robust and highly effective image segmentation algorithm for multi-spectral RS imagery; 2) improving the feature-set including edge, spatial-adjacent and temporal characteristics; 3) discussing the classification rule generation classifier based on the decision tree; 4) presenting evaluation methods for classification result by object-oriented classification pattern.展开更多
Annual Land Use/Land Cover(LULC)change information at medium spatial resolution(i.e.,at 30 m)is used in applications ranging from land management to achieving sustainable development goals related to food security.How...Annual Land Use/Land Cover(LULC)change information at medium spatial resolution(i.e.,at 30 m)is used in applications ranging from land management to achieving sustainable development goals related to food security.However,obtaining annual LULC information over large areas and long periods is challenging due to limitations on computational capabilities,training data,and workflow design.Using the Google Earth Engine(GEE),which provides a catalog of multi-source data and a cloud-based environment,we developed a novel methodology to generate a high accuracy 30-m LULC cover map collection of the Yangtze River Delta by integrating free and public LULC products with Landsat imagery.Our major contribution is a hybrid approach that includes three major components:1)a high-quality training dataset derived from multi-source LULC products,filtered by k-means clustering analysis;2)a yearly 39-band stack feature space,utilizing all available Landsat data and DEM data;and 3)a self-adaptive Random Forest(RF)method,introduced for LULC classification.Experimental results show that our proposed workflow achieves an average classification accuracy of 86.33%in the entire Delta.The results demonstrate the great potential of integrating multi-source LULC products for producing LULC maps of increased reliability.In addition,as the proposed workflow is based on open source data and the GEE cloud platform,it can be used anywhere by anyone in the world.展开更多
目的探讨消毒供应中心运用现场管理(on site management,OSM)进行质量管理的效果。方法笔者所在科室于2020年1-12月采用现场管理进行消毒供应中心质量控制,从空间、物品、设备、信息、废物五个方面进行管理优化,比较实施前后现场管理质...目的探讨消毒供应中心运用现场管理(on site management,OSM)进行质量管理的效果。方法笔者所在科室于2020年1-12月采用现场管理进行消毒供应中心质量控制,从空间、物品、设备、信息、废物五个方面进行管理优化,比较实施前后现场管理质量评分、发生缺陷手术器械包个数、护士正确拿取物品的时间。结果OSM实施后,消毒供应中心现场管理质量评分高于实施前(t=32.400,P<0.001);发生缺陷手术器械包个数少于实施前(χ^(2)=6.513,P=0.012);护士正确拿取物品时间短于实施前(t=25.030,P<0.001)。结论OSM能够规范岗位工作流程,提高消毒供应中心的工作效率和工作质量。展开更多
文摘目的检索、评价并整合国内外眼科超声乳化手柄清洗质量管理的相关证据,为临床实践提供指导。方法计算机检索国际指南协作网、美国国立指南网、BMJ Best Practice、PubMed、万方数据库、中国知网等网站或数据库中关于眼科超声乳化手柄清洗质量管理的所有证据,包括指南、专家共识、系统评价及证据总结,检索时限为从建库至2023年2月15日。结果共纳入10篇文献,其中实践指南4篇,专家共识4篇,系统评价1篇,证据总结1篇。总结了管理要求、环境要求、设备设施与耗材要求、人员要求、操作要求、现场预处理、回收转运、清洗及清洗质量评价9个方面共38条证据。结论该研究总结了眼科超声乳化手柄清洗质量管理的最佳证据,为规范超声乳化手柄的清洗质量管理提供了循证依据,可为提高眼科器械清洗质量水平、预防与控制医院感染发生提供参考。
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)under contract No.2012AA12A406the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41471068,41171325,and J1103408+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University under contract No.NCET-12-0264the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘A detailed survey of the reefs in the Nansha Islands＇ sea that are of strategic importance is conducive to their future development. In this study, a total of 50 Landsat 8 operational land imager（OLI） images were used to analyze the geological features and spectral characteristics of the Nansha reefs. The exposed islands/sandbanks,reef flats and sub-tidal reefs were identified with the near-infrared band, the red and green bands, and the blue band, respectively. Based on the relationships among various characteristics and bands illustrated in the OLI images, the maximum between-cluster variance threshold algorithm（OTSU method） and the mathematical morphology were employed to extract characteristic parameters of the spatial geometry of the reefs from top to bottom, which were subsequently operated by a series of post-processing methods such as vectorization,simplification and topological analysis. Among the 132 standalone reefs and 16 atolls that are identified in the study, four reefs have yet to be named in the Standard Names of Various Islands in the South China Sea and the website Nansha Islands Online（http：//www.nansha.org/）. Another 24 ones are exposed to the atmosphere even during high tides. Taiping Island with an area of 0.57 km^2 represents the largest exposed geological feature. This study demonstrated the applicability of medium-resolution satellite images to derive the coral reef information effectively and thus provided information for the related departments that are responsible to manage the coast.An improved resolution of multispectral bands with the panchromatic band in higher spatial resolution（15 m for OLI image） is expected to provide an optimum satellite based approach to map marine habitats.
基金Under the auspices of Special Research Fund of the Ministry of Land and Resources for the Non-Profit Sector(No201411014-03)National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2012BAH28B04)
文摘The hallmark of development in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) of East China has been sprawling urbanization. However, air pollution is a significant problem in these urban areas. In this paper, we investigated and analyzed the air pollution index(API) in four cities(Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Ningbo) in the YRD from 2001 to 2012. We attempted to empirically examine the relationship between meteorological factors and air quality in the urban areas of the YRD. According to the monitoring data, the API in Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou slightly declined and that in Ningbo increased over the study period. We analyzed the inter-annual, seasonal, and monthly variations of API, from which we found that the air quality had different temporal changes in the four cities. It was indicated that air quality was poor in winter and spring and best in summer. Furthermore, different weather conditions affected air quality level. The wind direction was considered as an important and influential factor to air pollution, which has an impact on the accumulating or cleaning processes of pollutants. The air quality was influenced by the different wind directions that varied with seasons and cities.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40301038), Talents Recruitment Foun-dation of Nanjing University
文摘With the wide use of high-resolution remotely sensed imagery, the object-oriented remotely sensed informa- tion classification pattern has been intensively studied. Starting with the definition of object-oriented remotely sensed information classification pattern and a literature review of related research progress, this paper sums up 4 developing phases of object-oriented classification pattern during the past 20 years. Then, we discuss the three aspects of method- ology in detail, namely remotely sensed imagery segmentation, feature analysis and feature selection, and classification rule generation, through comparing them with remotely sensed information classification method based on per-pixel. At last, this paper presents several points that need to be paid attention to in the future studies on object-oriented RS in- formation classification pattern: 1) developing robust and highly effective image segmentation algorithm for multi-spectral RS imagery; 2) improving the feature-set including edge, spatial-adjacent and temporal characteristics; 3) discussing the classification rule generation classifier based on the decision tree; 4) presenting evaluation methods for classification result by object-oriented classification pattern.
基金Under the auspices of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0504205)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41571378)Natural Science Research Project of Higher Education in Anhui Provence(No.KJ2020A0089)。
文摘Annual Land Use/Land Cover(LULC)change information at medium spatial resolution(i.e.,at 30 m)is used in applications ranging from land management to achieving sustainable development goals related to food security.However,obtaining annual LULC information over large areas and long periods is challenging due to limitations on computational capabilities,training data,and workflow design.Using the Google Earth Engine(GEE),which provides a catalog of multi-source data and a cloud-based environment,we developed a novel methodology to generate a high accuracy 30-m LULC cover map collection of the Yangtze River Delta by integrating free and public LULC products with Landsat imagery.Our major contribution is a hybrid approach that includes three major components:1)a high-quality training dataset derived from multi-source LULC products,filtered by k-means clustering analysis;2)a yearly 39-band stack feature space,utilizing all available Landsat data and DEM data;and 3)a self-adaptive Random Forest(RF)method,introduced for LULC classification.Experimental results show that our proposed workflow achieves an average classification accuracy of 86.33%in the entire Delta.The results demonstrate the great potential of integrating multi-source LULC products for producing LULC maps of increased reliability.In addition,as the proposed workflow is based on open source data and the GEE cloud platform,it can be used anywhere by anyone in the world.
文摘目的探讨消毒供应中心运用现场管理(on site management,OSM)进行质量管理的效果。方法笔者所在科室于2020年1-12月采用现场管理进行消毒供应中心质量控制,从空间、物品、设备、信息、废物五个方面进行管理优化,比较实施前后现场管理质量评分、发生缺陷手术器械包个数、护士正确拿取物品的时间。结果OSM实施后,消毒供应中心现场管理质量评分高于实施前(t=32.400,P<0.001);发生缺陷手术器械包个数少于实施前(χ^(2)=6.513,P=0.012);护士正确拿取物品时间短于实施前(t=25.030,P<0.001)。结论OSM能够规范岗位工作流程,提高消毒供应中心的工作效率和工作质量。
