分析有机肥施用对农田土壤氮素累积和淋失的影响,旨在为科学评估有机肥的生态环境效应提供基础。以“有机肥”“农田”和“氮”为关键词,在中国知网和“Web of Science”数据库检索2000—2022年期间发表的文献,筛选出符合要求的文献30篇...分析有机肥施用对农田土壤氮素累积和淋失的影响,旨在为科学评估有机肥的生态环境效应提供基础。以“有机肥”“农田”和“氮”为关键词,在中国知网和“Web of Science”数据库检索2000—2022年期间发表的文献,筛选出符合要求的文献30篇,获得数据116组。以单施化肥为对照,利用整合分析(Meta-analysis)方法揭示有机肥施用对农田土壤氮素累积和淋失的影响,明确有机肥氮投入量、有机肥氮替代化肥氮比例等因素的综合效应。结果表明:与单施化肥相比,有机肥氮替代化肥氮可以显著降低农田土壤淋溶液中硝态氮和可溶性总氮浓度,有效阻控土壤氮素淋失;同时,有机肥施用能显著增加土壤全氮和微生物量氮含量以及提高土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌等微生物群落的数量,起到培肥土壤、改善微生物群落结果的作用;有机肥施用对作物产量有显著影响。当有机肥氮替代化肥氮百分比控制在20%~50%时,可以有效控制土壤氮素淋失,并保证作物产量。综上可知,有机肥施用显著影响土壤氮素累积和淋失,但有机肥氮替代化肥氮百分比等因素对土壤氮素累积和淋失的影响还需深入探讨。展开更多
生物气溶胶已成为公共卫生安全存在的潜在危害。随着SARS-CoV-2等病毒生物气溶胶引起越来越多的公众关注,生物气溶胶防控重要性突出,有必要对生物气溶胶研究进行全面的分析。基于文献计量学,采用HistCite和Citespace等分析软件及可视化...生物气溶胶已成为公共卫生安全存在的潜在危害。随着SARS-CoV-2等病毒生物气溶胶引起越来越多的公众关注,生物气溶胶防控重要性突出,有必要对生物气溶胶研究进行全面的分析。基于文献计量学,采用HistCite和Citespace等分析软件及可视化软件,从文献发文量、作者、被引频次、关键词、机构、发表期刊和发文国家等方面,对1990—2021年Web of Science^(TM)核心数据库关于生物气溶胶的3855篇文章进行了文献计量分析。结果显示:生物气溶胶期刊发文量主要经历了3个阶段,2017年之后,生物气溶胶研究领域的论文数量急剧增加,生物气溶胶受到极大关注;美国和中国是生物气溶胶研究领域发文量最大的2个国家,分别发表了1150,649篇;TOP10的研究机构分别为辛辛那提大学、马克斯普朗克化学研究所和科罗拉多大学;发文量前3的期刊包括Journal of Aerosol Science、Science of The Total Environment和Aerosol Science and Technology;生物气溶胶研究领域高产学者为Duchaine C、Grinshpun SA和Reponen T;关键词和关键词共现网络发现生物气溶胶的采样、分析、传播、风险及控制等为主要研究热点;突现词分析表明生物气溶胶研究逐渐转向生物气溶胶的控制和健康风险评价,以及气候、气象因素对生物气溶胶的影响作用等研究方向。展开更多
The focus of this study is to determine the relationship between selenium(Se)concentrations in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck disease(KBD)in Tibet.The hair of children in typical KBD-affected areas and...The focus of this study is to determine the relationship between selenium(Se)concentrations in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck disease(KBD)in Tibet.The hair of children in typical KBD-affected areas and non-disease areas was collected,and its Se concentrations were measured by atomic fluorescent spectrometry.The Se concentrations in child hair were(0.13±0.04)and(0.18±0.07)μg/g respectively in KBD areas and non-disease areas respectively,which are significantly different.In areas supplemented with Se in Tibet,the Se concentration of hair in KBD-affected areas was higher than that in non-diseased areas,being(0.28±0.03)and(0.18±0.04)μg/g respectively.There is a close relationship between the Se concentrations in hair and KBD distribution.Se supplement increase the Se concentrations in the human body.Appropriate Se supplementation is important to prevent KBD in Tibet.展开更多
文摘分析有机肥施用对农田土壤氮素累积和淋失的影响,旨在为科学评估有机肥的生态环境效应提供基础。以“有机肥”“农田”和“氮”为关键词,在中国知网和“Web of Science”数据库检索2000—2022年期间发表的文献,筛选出符合要求的文献30篇,获得数据116组。以单施化肥为对照,利用整合分析(Meta-analysis)方法揭示有机肥施用对农田土壤氮素累积和淋失的影响,明确有机肥氮投入量、有机肥氮替代化肥氮比例等因素的综合效应。结果表明:与单施化肥相比,有机肥氮替代化肥氮可以显著降低农田土壤淋溶液中硝态氮和可溶性总氮浓度,有效阻控土壤氮素淋失;同时,有机肥施用能显著增加土壤全氮和微生物量氮含量以及提高土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌等微生物群落的数量,起到培肥土壤、改善微生物群落结果的作用;有机肥施用对作物产量有显著影响。当有机肥氮替代化肥氮百分比控制在20%~50%时,可以有效控制土壤氮素淋失,并保证作物产量。综上可知,有机肥施用显著影响土壤氮素累积和淋失,但有机肥氮替代化肥氮百分比等因素对土壤氮素累积和淋失的影响还需深入探讨。
文摘生物气溶胶已成为公共卫生安全存在的潜在危害。随着SARS-CoV-2等病毒生物气溶胶引起越来越多的公众关注,生物气溶胶防控重要性突出,有必要对生物气溶胶研究进行全面的分析。基于文献计量学,采用HistCite和Citespace等分析软件及可视化软件,从文献发文量、作者、被引频次、关键词、机构、发表期刊和发文国家等方面,对1990—2021年Web of Science^(TM)核心数据库关于生物气溶胶的3855篇文章进行了文献计量分析。结果显示:生物气溶胶期刊发文量主要经历了3个阶段,2017年之后,生物气溶胶研究领域的论文数量急剧增加,生物气溶胶受到极大关注;美国和中国是生物气溶胶研究领域发文量最大的2个国家,分别发表了1150,649篇;TOP10的研究机构分别为辛辛那提大学、马克斯普朗克化学研究所和科罗拉多大学;发文量前3的期刊包括Journal of Aerosol Science、Science of The Total Environment和Aerosol Science and Technology;生物气溶胶研究领域高产学者为Duchaine C、Grinshpun SA和Reponen T;关键词和关键词共现网络发现生物气溶胶的采样、分析、传播、风险及控制等为主要研究热点;突现词分析表明生物气溶胶研究逐渐转向生物气溶胶的控制和健康风险评价,以及气候、气象因素对生物气溶胶的影响作用等研究方向。
基金The study was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40271009)the Knowledge Innovation Foundation of Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resource Research,CAS(No.CXIOG-A04-06).
文摘The focus of this study is to determine the relationship between selenium(Se)concentrations in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck disease(KBD)in Tibet.The hair of children in typical KBD-affected areas and non-disease areas was collected,and its Se concentrations were measured by atomic fluorescent spectrometry.The Se concentrations in child hair were(0.13±0.04)and(0.18±0.07)μg/g respectively in KBD areas and non-disease areas respectively,which are significantly different.In areas supplemented with Se in Tibet,the Se concentration of hair in KBD-affected areas was higher than that in non-diseased areas,being(0.28±0.03)and(0.18±0.04)μg/g respectively.There is a close relationship between the Se concentrations in hair and KBD distribution.Se supplement increase the Se concentrations in the human body.Appropriate Se supplementation is important to prevent KBD in Tibet.