Seaweeds are one of the largest producers of biomass in the marine environment.It has been well known that marine algae,especially brown algae was a rich source of biogenic compounds with antifouling potential that co...Seaweeds are one of the largest producers of biomass in the marine environment.It has been well known that marine algae,especially brown algae was a rich source of biogenic compounds with antifouling potential that could be ideal alternatives of tributyltin(TBT).In this paper,antifouling potential of the brown algae Laminaria ‘sanhai' was explored.Firstly,the dried alga was extracted and the antialgal and antilarval activities were investigated.The EC_(50) and LC_(50) values of crude extract of Laminaria ‘sanhai' against diatom(Skeletonema costatum) and barnacle larval(Chthamalus challengeri) were 8.9 μg mL^(-1) and 12.0 μg mL^(-1) respectively.Then,guided by bioassay,the bioactive substances were isolated by liquid-liquid extraction.The antialgal and antilarval activities of isolated fraction were improved with the EC_(50) value of 7.4 μg mL^(-1) against S.costatum and LC_(50) value of 9.7 μg m L^(-1) against C.challengeri larvae.Identification by IR,Q-TOFMS and GC-MS of the isolated bioactive substances revealed the abundance of fatty acids.These fatty acids,most with 16,18 or 20 carbon atoms,contained myristic,hexadecanoic,oleic,linolenic,arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids.The results indicated that both the crude extract and the isolated bioactive substances had high antialgal and antilarval activities with no highlighted cytotoxicity which made the brown algae Laminaria ‘sanhai' a promising source of the environmentally friendly antifoulants.展开更多
分析2012—2021年之间创新设计领域的研究态势,总结创新设计领域的研究趋势与发展方向。选取Web of Science核心数据集收录的2012—2021年之间创新设计相关文献13922篇作为数据源,使用CiteSpace软件绘制可视化知识图谱,分析国家共现图...分析2012—2021年之间创新设计领域的研究态势,总结创新设计领域的研究趋势与发展方向。选取Web of Science核心数据集收录的2012—2021年之间创新设计相关文献13922篇作为数据源,使用CiteSpace软件绘制可视化知识图谱,分析国家共现图、机构共现图、高被引文献表、关键词共现图、关键词突现图等,探究2012—2021年之间创新设计领域的热点与发展趋势。结果表明:创新设计领域发展热度逐年增加,年度发文量呈上升趋势;中国是发文量最多的国家,但高被引文献占比较少;创新设计领域的研究热点集中在创新设计的源泉、方法与评价机制上。未来创新设计研究者的主要研究方向可能是结合多学科知识激励创新设计、提出定性与定量分析结合的新评价机制、拓展使得设计者兼顾客户显性需求和隐性需求的创新设计新方法。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41376106)the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFC1402101)the research program from National Marine Hazard Mitigation Service(No.2014AA060)
文摘Seaweeds are one of the largest producers of biomass in the marine environment.It has been well known that marine algae,especially brown algae was a rich source of biogenic compounds with antifouling potential that could be ideal alternatives of tributyltin(TBT).In this paper,antifouling potential of the brown algae Laminaria ‘sanhai' was explored.Firstly,the dried alga was extracted and the antialgal and antilarval activities were investigated.The EC_(50) and LC_(50) values of crude extract of Laminaria ‘sanhai' against diatom(Skeletonema costatum) and barnacle larval(Chthamalus challengeri) were 8.9 μg mL^(-1) and 12.0 μg mL^(-1) respectively.Then,guided by bioassay,the bioactive substances were isolated by liquid-liquid extraction.The antialgal and antilarval activities of isolated fraction were improved with the EC_(50) value of 7.4 μg mL^(-1) against S.costatum and LC_(50) value of 9.7 μg m L^(-1) against C.challengeri larvae.Identification by IR,Q-TOFMS and GC-MS of the isolated bioactive substances revealed the abundance of fatty acids.These fatty acids,most with 16,18 or 20 carbon atoms,contained myristic,hexadecanoic,oleic,linolenic,arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids.The results indicated that both the crude extract and the isolated bioactive substances had high antialgal and antilarval activities with no highlighted cytotoxicity which made the brown algae Laminaria ‘sanhai' a promising source of the environmentally friendly antifoulants.
文摘分析2012—2021年之间创新设计领域的研究态势,总结创新设计领域的研究趋势与发展方向。选取Web of Science核心数据集收录的2012—2021年之间创新设计相关文献13922篇作为数据源,使用CiteSpace软件绘制可视化知识图谱,分析国家共现图、机构共现图、高被引文献表、关键词共现图、关键词突现图等,探究2012—2021年之间创新设计领域的热点与发展趋势。结果表明:创新设计领域发展热度逐年增加,年度发文量呈上升趋势;中国是发文量最多的国家,但高被引文献占比较少;创新设计领域的研究热点集中在创新设计的源泉、方法与评价机制上。未来创新设计研究者的主要研究方向可能是结合多学科知识激励创新设计、提出定性与定量分析结合的新评价机制、拓展使得设计者兼顾客户显性需求和隐性需求的创新设计新方法。
