母猪乳头数量是生猪选育中重要参考指标之一,也是生猪繁殖表型数据的组成部分。成年母猪其腹部视频较难获取,且容易受污渍干扰,乳头自动点数实现难度较大,人工计数母猪乳头数工作量大、强度高、效率低、容易产生人为误差。鉴于猪仔从出...母猪乳头数量是生猪选育中重要参考指标之一,也是生猪繁殖表型数据的组成部分。成年母猪其腹部视频较难获取,且容易受污渍干扰,乳头自动点数实现难度较大,人工计数母猪乳头数工作量大、强度高、效率低、容易产生人为误差。鉴于猪仔从出生到成年乳头数量保持一致性,该研究提出了一种基于仔猪腹部视频的深度学习乳头计数及乳房形态评估方法。通过架设在仔猪初生护理平台上的相机拍摄仔猪腹部视频,根据清晰度筛选出细节清晰的帧序列图像集,经过数据预处理再使用改进Pignip-YOLOv5s目标检测网络对仔猪乳头进行自动计数。为提高计数准确率,帧序列图像集的乳头计数使用滑动窗口取众数得到最终计数结果。试验结果表明,改进的Pignip-YOLOv5s平均精度值(mean average precision, mAP)高达0.97,较YOLOv5原模型具备更高的鲁棒性。该研究方案在113段仔猪腹部视频数据集上测试得到仔猪乳头计数方法准确率达90.26%。同时该研究提出仔猪乳房形态评估参数乳头成对数、乳头间距,从而量化仔猪乳头形态表型特征,构建了母猪乳房外在形态指标,可为母猪选育和繁殖工作提供重要的参考依据。展开更多
Histone acetylation is indispensable in the process of crops resisting abiotic stress,which is jointly catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases.However,the mechanism of regulating salt tolerance throug...Histone acetylation is indispensable in the process of crops resisting abiotic stress,which is jointly catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases.However,the mechanism of regulating salt tolerance through histone acetyltransferase GCN5 is still unclear.We revealed that GCN5 can catalyze the acetylation of canonical H3 and H4 lysine residues both in vivo and in vitro in rice.The knockout mutants and RNA interference lines of Os GCN5 exhibited severe growth inhibition and defects in salt tolerance,while the over-expression of Os GCN5 enhanced the salt tolerance of rice seedlings,indicating that Os GCN5 positively regulated the response of rice to salt stress.RNA-seq analysis suggested Os GCN5 may positively regulate the salt tolerance of rice by inhibiting the expression of Os HKT2;1 or other salt-responsive genes.Taken together,our study indicated that GCN5 plays a key role in enhancing salt tolerance in rice.展开更多
文摘母猪乳头数量是生猪选育中重要参考指标之一,也是生猪繁殖表型数据的组成部分。成年母猪其腹部视频较难获取,且容易受污渍干扰,乳头自动点数实现难度较大,人工计数母猪乳头数工作量大、强度高、效率低、容易产生人为误差。鉴于猪仔从出生到成年乳头数量保持一致性,该研究提出了一种基于仔猪腹部视频的深度学习乳头计数及乳房形态评估方法。通过架设在仔猪初生护理平台上的相机拍摄仔猪腹部视频,根据清晰度筛选出细节清晰的帧序列图像集,经过数据预处理再使用改进Pignip-YOLOv5s目标检测网络对仔猪乳头进行自动计数。为提高计数准确率,帧序列图像集的乳头计数使用滑动窗口取众数得到最终计数结果。试验结果表明,改进的Pignip-YOLOv5s平均精度值(mean average precision, mAP)高达0.97,较YOLOv5原模型具备更高的鲁棒性。该研究方案在113段仔猪腹部视频数据集上测试得到仔猪乳头计数方法准确率达90.26%。同时该研究提出仔猪乳房形态评估参数乳头成对数、乳头间距,从而量化仔猪乳头形态表型特征,构建了母猪乳房外在形态指标,可为母猪选育和繁殖工作提供重要的参考依据。
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.BE2022335)the Jiangsu Province Government (Grant No.JBGS[2021]001)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.BK20230295)the Project of Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory (Grant No.BM2022008-02)the Outstanding Youth Fund of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.BK20230013)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions in China。
文摘Histone acetylation is indispensable in the process of crops resisting abiotic stress,which is jointly catalyzed by histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases.However,the mechanism of regulating salt tolerance through histone acetyltransferase GCN5 is still unclear.We revealed that GCN5 can catalyze the acetylation of canonical H3 and H4 lysine residues both in vivo and in vitro in rice.The knockout mutants and RNA interference lines of Os GCN5 exhibited severe growth inhibition and defects in salt tolerance,while the over-expression of Os GCN5 enhanced the salt tolerance of rice seedlings,indicating that Os GCN5 positively regulated the response of rice to salt stress.RNA-seq analysis suggested Os GCN5 may positively regulate the salt tolerance of rice by inhibiting the expression of Os HKT2;1 or other salt-responsive genes.Taken together,our study indicated that GCN5 plays a key role in enhancing salt tolerance in rice.
