The prevalence of metabolic diseases,some diseases that are seriously harmful for human health and affect the quality of life,is increasing year by year.Early detection and intervention is the common strategy to deal ...The prevalence of metabolic diseases,some diseases that are seriously harmful for human health and affect the quality of life,is increasing year by year.Early detection and intervention is the common strategy to deal with them.Infrared thermography(IRT)is a special medical imaging technology which can capture the changes of skin temperature associated with metabolic disorders.It might be a new method for early detection of metabolic diseases.The purpose of this review is to summarize advances of the use of IRT in evaluating single metabolic disorder such as obesity,hyperglycemia and hypertension,complex metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome and target organ damage such as coronary artery atherosclerosis and diabetic foot.The characteristic of thermograms of metabolic disease patients,the changes of thermal maps during the development of the disease,and the lacks in current studies are also discussed in the article.展开更多
为研究电子束退火对Li-N共掺杂Zn O薄膜性能的影响,首先利用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在p型Si(111)衬底上制备Li-N共掺杂的Zn O前驱膜,然后用电子束对前驱膜进行退火。退火时,电子束加速电压10 k V,退火时间5 min,聚焦束流123 m A,束流为0.7~1.9 ...为研究电子束退火对Li-N共掺杂Zn O薄膜性能的影响,首先利用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在p型Si(111)衬底上制备Li-N共掺杂的Zn O前驱膜,然后用电子束对前驱膜进行退火。退火时,电子束加速电压10 k V,退火时间5 min,聚焦束流123 m A,束流为0.7~1.9 m A,最后得到Li-N共掺杂的Zn O薄膜。XRD谱分析表明,当束流高于1.5 m A之后,薄膜为六方Zn O和立方Zn O的混合多晶薄膜,且有金属Zn生成,导致薄膜有较强的绿光发射。SEM图片分析显示,薄膜的晶粒尺寸随束流增加而增大,当束流高于1.5 m A后,晶粒尺寸变化不大,约为60 nm。光致发光(PL)谱和激光拉曼谱的分析结果证实Li、N元素已掺入Zn O晶格中,PL谱中观察到Li元素掺杂引起的紫光发射,拉曼散射光谱中观察到N替代O位的缺陷振动模式。展开更多
Effects of the heavy metal copper(Cu), the metalloid arsenic(As), and the antibiotic oxytetracycline(OTC) on bacterial community structure and diversity during cow and pig manure composting were investigated. Eight tr...Effects of the heavy metal copper(Cu), the metalloid arsenic(As), and the antibiotic oxytetracycline(OTC) on bacterial community structure and diversity during cow and pig manure composting were investigated. Eight treatments were applied, four to each manure type, namely cow manure with:(1) no additives(control),(2) addition of heavy metal and metalloid,(3) addition of OTC and(4) addition of OTC with heavy metal and metalloid;and pig manure with:(5) no additives(control),(6) addition of heavy metal and metalloid,(7) addition of OTC and(8) addition of OTC with heavy metal and metalloid. After 35 days of composting, according to the alpha diversity indices, the combination treatment(OTC with heavy metal and metalloid) in pig manure was less harmful to microbial diversity than the control or heavy metal and metalloid treatments. In cow manure, the treatment with heavy metal and metalloid was the most harmful to the microbial community, followed by the combination and OTC treatments. The OTC and combination treatments had negative effects on the relative abundance of microbes in cow manure composts. The dominant phyla in both manure composts included Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. The microbial diversity relative abundance transformation was dependent on the composting time. Redundancy analysis(RDA) revealed that environmental parameters had the most influence on the bacterial communities. In conclusion, the composting process is the most sustainable technology for reducing heavy metal and metalloid impacts and antibiotic contamination in cow and pig manure. The physicochemical property variations in the manures had a significant effect on the microbial community during the composting process. This study provides an improved understanding of bacterial community composition and its changes during the composting process.展开更多
目的本研究回顾Web of Science数据库中在线健康信息搜寻行为的相关文献,旨在探讨在线获取健康信息的途径和方法,寻找提高电子健康素养的干预措施。方法系统检索Web of Science数据库中有关在线健康信息搜寻行为的文献,涵盖2011—2021...目的本研究回顾Web of Science数据库中在线健康信息搜寻行为的相关文献,旨在探讨在线获取健康信息的途径和方法,寻找提高电子健康素养的干预措施。方法系统检索Web of Science数据库中有关在线健康信息搜寻行为的文献,涵盖2011—2021年间的英文实证研究文献。结果最终纳入文献126篇,研究范围遍布美国、中国、德国等多个国家和地区,研究方向涉及卫生保健服务、医学信息等,研究内容主要集中在癌症幸存者的健康信息、健康信息全国趋势调查、互联网健康信息等。本研究从行为主体、行为客体、行为环境、行为手段和行为结果5个要素对在线健康信息获取行为进行了归纳和总结。部分研究发现不同人群的搜寻行为和搜寻途径存在差异,造成差异的影响因素有个人、行为和环境因素等。结论国内外在线健康信息搜寻行为的研究总体关注度较高,重点研究了健康信息的搜寻途径、搜寻方式和提升路径等,但现有研究仍存在局限,研究者和机构之间的合作尚需加强,建议开展更为广泛的研究,以期为健康信息搜寻行为的干预提供借鉴。展开更多
基金Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Universities(2020-JYB-ZDGG-117)。
文摘The prevalence of metabolic diseases,some diseases that are seriously harmful for human health and affect the quality of life,is increasing year by year.Early detection and intervention is the common strategy to deal with them.Infrared thermography(IRT)is a special medical imaging technology which can capture the changes of skin temperature associated with metabolic disorders.It might be a new method for early detection of metabolic diseases.The purpose of this review is to summarize advances of the use of IRT in evaluating single metabolic disorder such as obesity,hyperglycemia and hypertension,complex metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome and target organ damage such as coronary artery atherosclerosis and diabetic foot.The characteristic of thermograms of metabolic disease patients,the changes of thermal maps during the development of the disease,and the lacks in current studies are also discussed in the article.
文摘为研究电子束退火对Li-N共掺杂Zn O薄膜性能的影响,首先利用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在p型Si(111)衬底上制备Li-N共掺杂的Zn O前驱膜,然后用电子束对前驱膜进行退火。退火时,电子束加速电压10 k V,退火时间5 min,聚焦束流123 m A,束流为0.7~1.9 m A,最后得到Li-N共掺杂的Zn O薄膜。XRD谱分析表明,当束流高于1.5 m A之后,薄膜为六方Zn O和立方Zn O的混合多晶薄膜,且有金属Zn生成,导致薄膜有较强的绿光发射。SEM图片分析显示,薄膜的晶粒尺寸随束流增加而增大,当束流高于1.5 m A后,晶粒尺寸变化不大,约为60 nm。光致发光(PL)谱和激光拉曼谱的分析结果证实Li、N元素已掺入Zn O晶格中,PL谱中观察到Li元素掺杂引起的紫光发射,拉曼散射光谱中观察到N替代O位的缺陷振动模式。
基金the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2018YFD0500206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572209,31772395 and 31972943)the Foundation for Safety of Agricultural Products by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China(GJFP2019033)。
文摘Effects of the heavy metal copper(Cu), the metalloid arsenic(As), and the antibiotic oxytetracycline(OTC) on bacterial community structure and diversity during cow and pig manure composting were investigated. Eight treatments were applied, four to each manure type, namely cow manure with:(1) no additives(control),(2) addition of heavy metal and metalloid,(3) addition of OTC and(4) addition of OTC with heavy metal and metalloid;and pig manure with:(5) no additives(control),(6) addition of heavy metal and metalloid,(7) addition of OTC and(8) addition of OTC with heavy metal and metalloid. After 35 days of composting, according to the alpha diversity indices, the combination treatment(OTC with heavy metal and metalloid) in pig manure was less harmful to microbial diversity than the control or heavy metal and metalloid treatments. In cow manure, the treatment with heavy metal and metalloid was the most harmful to the microbial community, followed by the combination and OTC treatments. The OTC and combination treatments had negative effects on the relative abundance of microbes in cow manure composts. The dominant phyla in both manure composts included Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. The microbial diversity relative abundance transformation was dependent on the composting time. Redundancy analysis(RDA) revealed that environmental parameters had the most influence on the bacterial communities. In conclusion, the composting process is the most sustainable technology for reducing heavy metal and metalloid impacts and antibiotic contamination in cow and pig manure. The physicochemical property variations in the manures had a significant effect on the microbial community during the composting process. This study provides an improved understanding of bacterial community composition and its changes during the composting process.
文摘目的本研究回顾Web of Science数据库中在线健康信息搜寻行为的相关文献,旨在探讨在线获取健康信息的途径和方法,寻找提高电子健康素养的干预措施。方法系统检索Web of Science数据库中有关在线健康信息搜寻行为的文献,涵盖2011—2021年间的英文实证研究文献。结果最终纳入文献126篇,研究范围遍布美国、中国、德国等多个国家和地区,研究方向涉及卫生保健服务、医学信息等,研究内容主要集中在癌症幸存者的健康信息、健康信息全国趋势调查、互联网健康信息等。本研究从行为主体、行为客体、行为环境、行为手段和行为结果5个要素对在线健康信息获取行为进行了归纳和总结。部分研究发现不同人群的搜寻行为和搜寻途径存在差异,造成差异的影响因素有个人、行为和环境因素等。结论国内外在线健康信息搜寻行为的研究总体关注度较高,重点研究了健康信息的搜寻途径、搜寻方式和提升路径等,但现有研究仍存在局限,研究者和机构之间的合作尚需加强,建议开展更为广泛的研究,以期为健康信息搜寻行为的干预提供借鉴。
