Crystalline Silica Promotes Rat Fibrocyte Differentiation in Vitro,and Fibrocytes Participate in Silicosis in Vivo

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Si O2 on fibrocytes and whether fibrocytes participate in silicosis in vivo. Methods A macrophagocyte（AM）/fibrocyte coculture system was established, and AMs were treated with 100 μg/mL SiO 2. Flow cytometry was used to detect the number of fibrocytes. Real‐time PCR was performed to measure the expression of collagen I, collagen III, and α‐SMA mR NA. The levels of collagen I, collagen III, and TGF‐β1 protein were determined by ELISA. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to measure α‐SMA protein expression. A rat silicosis model was induced by intratracheal instillation of SiO 2. Lung histopathological evaluation was conducted using HE and Masson＇s trichrome staining after 1 and 9 weeks. The number of fibrocytes in peripheral blood or lung tissue of rat was detected by flow cytometry. Double‐color immunofluorescence was applied to identify fibrocytes in the lung tissue. Results Peripheral blood monocytes were found to differentiate into fibrocytes in vitro in a time‐dependent manner, and exposure to crystalline silica might potentiate fibrocyte differentiation. In addition, fibrocytes were able to migrate from peripheral blood to the lung tissue, and the number of fibrocytes was increased after SiO 2 exposure. Conclusion Silica exposure potentiates fibrocyte differentiation, and fibrocytes may participate in silicosis in vivo.

The Role of Fibrocyte in the Pathogenesis of Silicosis

Exposure to free silica induces silicosis and myofibroblasts are regarded as primary effector cells.Fibrocytes can differentiate into myofibroblast.

大尺寸KDP晶体生长

KDP and its deuterated analog DKDP (K (D x H 1- x ) 2PO 4) are the first ch oice materials in the fabrication of optical switcher and frequency converter fo r inertial confinement fusion study.In the past years,the growth technique has b een d eveloped greatly.Large aperture crystals can be grown with various methods,such as,temperature decreasing,solution circular flow,and rapid growth method,which i ntend to reduce the cost of production and satisfy the requirement of ICF.As to rapid growth method,much attention has been paid to solution stability and the K DP crystal qualities of this method which has been proved that high speed can be obtained.LLNL has grown KDP crystal with dimension of 57mm×57mm×55mm,260 kil ogram in 59 days.This method is very different from conventional method for grow ing KDP crystal in three directions uniformly.In addition to the growth of the pyramidal faces,rapid crystallization from supersaturated solution results in si gnificant growth of prismatic faces.Inclusions of growth solution and incorporat ion of metal impurities will occur in the prism sector as prism extends very muc h by this method.Fast growth needs high supersaturation(10%—30%),so the grow th condition,such as ,raw materials,apparatus,temperature lowing proceed should be controlled very strictly.In order to improve the utilization of KDP crystal g rown by point seed method,we developed 4 vessels circular technique on the bas e of 3 vessels circular technique recently.