Nitrogen(N) is one of the macronutrients required for plant growth, and reasonable application of N fertilizers can increase crop yields and improve their quality. However, excessive application of N fertilizers wil...Nitrogen(N) is one of the macronutrients required for plant growth, and reasonable application of N fertilizers can increase crop yields and improve their quality. However, excessive application of N fertilizers will decrease N use efficiency and also lead to increases in N2O emissions from agricultural soils and many other environmental issues. Research on the effects of different N fertilizer management practices on wheat yields and N2O emissions will assist the selection of effective N management measures which enable achieving high wheat yields while reducing N2O emissions. To investigate the effects of different N management practices on wheat yields and soil N2O emissions, we conducted field trials with 5 treatments of no N fertilizer(CK), farmers common N rate(AN), optimal N rate(ON), 20% reduction in optimal rate+dicyandiamide(ON80%+DCD), 20% reduction in optimal rate+nano-carbon(ON80%+NC). The static closed chamber gas chromatography method was used to monitor N2O emissions during the wheat growing season. The results showed that there were obvious seasonal characteristics of N2O emissions under each treatment and N2O emissions were mainly concentrated in the sowing-greening stage, accounting for 54.6–68.2% of the overall emissions. Compared with AN, N2O emissions were decreased by 23.1, 45.4 and 33.7%, respectively, under ON, ON80%+DCD and ON80%+NC, and emission factors were declined by 22.2, 66.7 and 33.3%, respectively. Wheat yield was increased significantly under ON80%+DCD and ON80%+NC by 12.3 and 11.9%, respectively, relative to AN while there was no significant change in yield in the ON treatment. Compared with ON, overall N2O emissions were decreased by 29.1 and 13.9% while wheat yields improved by 18.3 and 17.9% under ON80%+DCD and ON80%+NC, respectively. We therefore recommend that ON80%+DCD and ON80%+NC be referred as effective N management practices increasing yields while mitigating emissions.展开更多
Based on the input-output survey of farmers and experts in one of the Jiangsu GEF project areas,the Cost-Benefit analysis method and greenhouse gas estimation method recommended by IPCC were applied to evaluate and co...Based on the input-output survey of farmers and experts in one of the Jiangsu GEF project areas,the Cost-Benefit analysis method and greenhouse gas estimation method recommended by IPCC were applied to evaluate and compare the social,economic and ecological benefits of artificial transplanting(ATR),mechanical transplanting(MTR)and direct seeding(DSR)rice under wheat-rice Double Late mode(late rice harvest and late wheat sowing).Results showed that the MTR and DSR rice achieved obvious social benefits.Farming measures resulted in excessive emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases.Through the use of ATR rice and wheat rotation mode it is possible to obtain most economic and ecological benefits.The Double Late mode of action had good application prospects,but the key to implementation was the timely exploitation of the recently increased availability of agricultural climate resources.The cropping pattern of combining the wheat-rice Double Late mode with the ATR was a better choice in mitigating and adapting to climate change.展开更多
In this paper,we study normal families of holomorphic function concerning shared a polynomial.Let F be a family of holomorphic functions in a domain D,k(2)be a positive integer,K be a positive number andα(z)be a poly...In this paper,we study normal families of holomorphic function concerning shared a polynomial.Let F be a family of holomorphic functions in a domain D,k(2)be a positive integer,K be a positive number andα(z)be a polynomial of degree p(p 1).For each f∈F and z∈D,if f and f sharedα(z)CM and|f(k)(z)|K whenever f(z)-α(z)=0 in D, then F is normal in D.展开更多
在多目标跟踪任务中,外界噪声的干扰会导致传统方法的系统建模不可靠,从而降低目标位置预测的准确性;而密集人群引起的拥挤和遮挡问题则会严重影响目标外观的可靠性,导致错误的身份关联.为了解决这些问题,本文提出一种多目标跟踪算法Ecs...在多目标跟踪任务中,外界噪声的干扰会导致传统方法的系统建模不可靠,从而降低目标位置预测的准确性;而密集人群引起的拥挤和遮挡问题则会严重影响目标外观的可靠性,导致错误的身份关联.为了解决这些问题,本文提出一种多目标跟踪算法Ecsort.该算法在传统运动预测的基础上,引入噪声补偿模块,降低噪声干扰引起的误差,提高位置预测的准确性.其次,引入特征相似度匹配模块,通过学习目标的判别性外观特征,并结合运动线索和判别性外观特征的优势,从而实现精确的身份关联.通过在多目标跟踪基准数据集上进行的大量实验结果表明,与基线模型相比,该方法在MOT17测试集上的IDF1 (ID F1 score)、HOTA (higher order tracking accuracy)、AssA(association accuracy)、DetA (detection accuracy)分别提高了1.1%、0.5%、0.6%、0.3%,在MOT20测试集上的IDF1、HOTA、AssA、DetA分别提高了2.3%、1.9%、3.4%、0.2%.展开更多
江西是中国双季稻的主要种植地区。气候变化严重影响了双季稻生产。基于江西省1981—2022年逐日气象资料和双季稻作物资料,对DSSAT模型进行调参验证;利用验证后的DSSAT模型,分析江西省双季稻生长期和产量空间分布和时间变化趋势;采用t...江西是中国双季稻的主要种植地区。气候变化严重影响了双季稻生产。基于江西省1981—2022年逐日气象资料和双季稻作物资料,对DSSAT模型进行调参验证;利用验证后的DSSAT模型,分析江西省双季稻生长期和产量空间分布和时间变化趋势;采用t检验方法,明确气候变化对江西早稻和晚稻的影响差异。结果表明:(1)江西早稻(晚稻)播种期至开花期天数、播种期至成熟期天数和产量模拟值与观测值的归一化均方根误差分别为1.87%(1.86%)、2.05%(2.36%)和6.05%(7.30%),D指标分别为0.97(0.98)、0.96(0.96)和0.95(0.94);(2)固定播期和品种条件下,1981—2022年江西早稻和晚稻生长期均呈显著缩短趋势,平均每10年分别减少2.22 d和1.61 d;研究期间江西早稻和晚稻潜在产量均呈显著下降趋势,平均每10年分别减少181.30 kg hm^(-2)和276.16 kg hm^(-2);(3)t检验表明,江西早稻生长期气候倾向率极显著地小于晚稻,而江西早稻潜在产量气候倾向率极显著地大于晚稻。DSSAT模型可较好的模拟江西双季稻生长发育和产量。气候变化对江西早稻生长期和晚稻潜在产量影响更加明显。本研究为江西双季稻作物模型研究、产量预报和气候变化评估提供了科学依据。展开更多
目的观察“矫筋正骨法”针刀治疗膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的临床疗效和对步态的影响。方法纳入KOA患者65例,采用随机数字表法随机分为针刀组和对照组。其中针刀组32例,行“矫筋正骨法”针刀治疗;对照组33例,行常规针刺治疗...目的观察“矫筋正骨法”针刀治疗膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的临床疗效和对步态的影响。方法纳入KOA患者65例,采用随机数字表法随机分为针刀组和对照组。其中针刀组32例,行“矫筋正骨法”针刀治疗;对照组33例,行常规针刺治疗,分别于治疗前后采用视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、美国特种外科医院(Hospital for Special Surgery,HSS)膝关节评分及步态分析的方法进行疗效评估。结果与治疗前比较,治疗后两组VAS显著降低(P<0.05),HSS评分中的疼痛、功能、活动度评分和总分均显著升高(P<0.05),治疗后针刀组屈曲畸形评分也较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),治疗后针刀组和对照组步频、步速、步长均显著改善(P<0.05);与对照组比较,针刀组治疗后VAS显著降低(P<0.05),HSS评分中疼痛、功能、活动度评分和总分均显著升高(P<0.05),步频显著改善(P<0.05);两组患者综合疗效比较,针刀组显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论“矫筋正骨法”针刀可以显著减轻KOA患者的疼痛症状,并且可以使患者的关节功能、活动度以及步频同步得到改善,体现了KOA治疗中“筋骨并重、标本兼治”的思想。展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program during 12th Five-Year Plan period(2013BAD11B03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41105115)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)
文摘Nitrogen(N) is one of the macronutrients required for plant growth, and reasonable application of N fertilizers can increase crop yields and improve their quality. However, excessive application of N fertilizers will decrease N use efficiency and also lead to increases in N2O emissions from agricultural soils and many other environmental issues. Research on the effects of different N fertilizer management practices on wheat yields and N2O emissions will assist the selection of effective N management measures which enable achieving high wheat yields while reducing N2O emissions. To investigate the effects of different N management practices on wheat yields and soil N2O emissions, we conducted field trials with 5 treatments of no N fertilizer(CK), farmers common N rate(AN), optimal N rate(ON), 20% reduction in optimal rate+dicyandiamide(ON80%+DCD), 20% reduction in optimal rate+nano-carbon(ON80%+NC). The static closed chamber gas chromatography method was used to monitor N2O emissions during the wheat growing season. The results showed that there were obvious seasonal characteristics of N2O emissions under each treatment and N2O emissions were mainly concentrated in the sowing-greening stage, accounting for 54.6–68.2% of the overall emissions. Compared with AN, N2O emissions were decreased by 23.1, 45.4 and 33.7%, respectively, under ON, ON80%+DCD and ON80%+NC, and emission factors were declined by 22.2, 66.7 and 33.3%, respectively. Wheat yield was increased significantly under ON80%+DCD and ON80%+NC by 12.3 and 11.9%, respectively, relative to AN while there was no significant change in yield in the ON treatment. Compared with ON, overall N2O emissions were decreased by 29.1 and 13.9% while wheat yields improved by 18.3 and 17.9% under ON80%+DCD and ON80%+NC, respectively. We therefore recommend that ON80%+DCD and ON80%+NC be referred as effective N management practices increasing yields while mitigating emissions.
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB955904)the Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network initiated and funded by Defra UK and Ministry of Agriculture of China(No.H5105000)China’s National Agricultural Comprehensive Development Office
文摘Based on the input-output survey of farmers and experts in one of the Jiangsu GEF project areas,the Cost-Benefit analysis method and greenhouse gas estimation method recommended by IPCC were applied to evaluate and compare the social,economic and ecological benefits of artificial transplanting(ATR),mechanical transplanting(MTR)and direct seeding(DSR)rice under wheat-rice Double Late mode(late rice harvest and late wheat sowing).Results showed that the MTR and DSR rice achieved obvious social benefits.Farming measures resulted in excessive emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases.Through the use of ATR rice and wheat rotation mode it is possible to obtain most economic and ecological benefits.The Double Late mode of action had good application prospects,but the key to implementation was the timely exploitation of the recently increased availability of agricultural climate resources.The cropping pattern of combining the wheat-rice Double Late mode with the ATR was a better choice in mitigating and adapting to climate change.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Starting Foundation for Master and Ph.D.of Honghe University(XSS08012)Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Yunnan Provincial Education Department of China Grant(09C0206)
文摘In this paper,we study normal families of holomorphic function concerning shared a polynomial.Let F be a family of holomorphic functions in a domain D,k(2)be a positive integer,K be a positive number andα(z)be a polynomial of degree p(p 1).For each f∈F and z∈D,if f and f sharedα(z)CM and|f(k)(z)|K whenever f(z)-α(z)=0 in D, then F is normal in D.
文摘在多目标跟踪任务中,外界噪声的干扰会导致传统方法的系统建模不可靠,从而降低目标位置预测的准确性;而密集人群引起的拥挤和遮挡问题则会严重影响目标外观的可靠性,导致错误的身份关联.为了解决这些问题,本文提出一种多目标跟踪算法Ecsort.该算法在传统运动预测的基础上,引入噪声补偿模块,降低噪声干扰引起的误差,提高位置预测的准确性.其次,引入特征相似度匹配模块,通过学习目标的判别性外观特征,并结合运动线索和判别性外观特征的优势,从而实现精确的身份关联.通过在多目标跟踪基准数据集上进行的大量实验结果表明,与基线模型相比,该方法在MOT17测试集上的IDF1 (ID F1 score)、HOTA (higher order tracking accuracy)、AssA(association accuracy)、DetA (detection accuracy)分别提高了1.1%、0.5%、0.6%、0.3%,在MOT20测试集上的IDF1、HOTA、AssA、DetA分别提高了2.3%、1.9%、3.4%、0.2%.
文摘江西是中国双季稻的主要种植地区。气候变化严重影响了双季稻生产。基于江西省1981—2022年逐日气象资料和双季稻作物资料,对DSSAT模型进行调参验证;利用验证后的DSSAT模型,分析江西省双季稻生长期和产量空间分布和时间变化趋势;采用t检验方法,明确气候变化对江西早稻和晚稻的影响差异。结果表明:(1)江西早稻(晚稻)播种期至开花期天数、播种期至成熟期天数和产量模拟值与观测值的归一化均方根误差分别为1.87%(1.86%)、2.05%(2.36%)和6.05%(7.30%),D指标分别为0.97(0.98)、0.96(0.96)和0.95(0.94);(2)固定播期和品种条件下,1981—2022年江西早稻和晚稻生长期均呈显著缩短趋势,平均每10年分别减少2.22 d和1.61 d;研究期间江西早稻和晚稻潜在产量均呈显著下降趋势,平均每10年分别减少181.30 kg hm^(-2)和276.16 kg hm^(-2);(3)t检验表明,江西早稻生长期气候倾向率极显著地小于晚稻,而江西早稻潜在产量气候倾向率极显著地大于晚稻。DSSAT模型可较好的模拟江西双季稻生长发育和产量。气候变化对江西早稻生长期和晚稻潜在产量影响更加明显。本研究为江西双季稻作物模型研究、产量预报和气候变化评估提供了科学依据。
文摘目的观察“矫筋正骨法”针刀治疗膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)的临床疗效和对步态的影响。方法纳入KOA患者65例,采用随机数字表法随机分为针刀组和对照组。其中针刀组32例,行“矫筋正骨法”针刀治疗;对照组33例,行常规针刺治疗,分别于治疗前后采用视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、美国特种外科医院(Hospital for Special Surgery,HSS)膝关节评分及步态分析的方法进行疗效评估。结果与治疗前比较,治疗后两组VAS显著降低(P<0.05),HSS评分中的疼痛、功能、活动度评分和总分均显著升高(P<0.05),治疗后针刀组屈曲畸形评分也较治疗前显著升高(P<0.05),治疗后针刀组和对照组步频、步速、步长均显著改善(P<0.05);与对照组比较,针刀组治疗后VAS显著降低(P<0.05),HSS评分中疼痛、功能、活动度评分和总分均显著升高(P<0.05),步频显著改善(P<0.05);两组患者综合疗效比较,针刀组显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论“矫筋正骨法”针刀可以显著减轻KOA患者的疼痛症状,并且可以使患者的关节功能、活动度以及步频同步得到改善,体现了KOA治疗中“筋骨并重、标本兼治”的思想。