为提高山区隧道施工场地布置方案决策的准确性,以牛栾村隧道六种施工场地布置方案为例,提出了基于改进灰靶的方案优选模型。首先,通过分析场地布置方案影响因素,构建了以方案可行性、方案经济性、环境影响和社会效益影响为核心的评价指...为提高山区隧道施工场地布置方案决策的准确性,以牛栾村隧道六种施工场地布置方案为例,提出了基于改进灰靶的方案优选模型。首先,通过分析场地布置方案影响因素,构建了以方案可行性、方案经济性、环境影响和社会效益影响为核心的评价指标体系;其次,采用云模型将定性指标定量描述,并运用CRITIC(criteria importance though intercriteria correlation)确定指标权重;最后以灰色关联差异信息值为基础,结合欧几里得理论计算修正的加权靶心距,通过对比靶心距实现方案优选,并采用单因素轮换法(one-at-a-time,OAT)进行了指标敏感性分析。结果表明:最优方案的加权靶心距为0.610,评选出的方案与实际一致,并分析出“地形地貌改变”为对方案评选影响最大的指标。可见,该方法呈现了各方案的优劣,使山区隧道施工场地布置方案评选更科学、合理。展开更多
Soybean root and stem rot caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease worldwide. Using genetic resistance is an important and major component in the integrated pest management of this disease. To understand ...Soybean root and stem rot caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease worldwide. Using genetic resistance is an important and major component in the integrated pest management of this disease. To understand molecular mechanisms of root and stem rot resistance in soybeans, the gene and protein expression in hypocotyls and stems of variety Suinong 10 carrying resistance genes Rps1a and Rps2 was investigated by using mRNA differential display reverse transcription PCR and two-dimensional electrophoresis at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h after inoculation with P. sojae race 1. The results of the comparison of gene and protein expression showed that at least eight differential fragments at the transcriptional level were related to metabolic pathway, phytoalexin, and signal transduction in defense responses. Sequence analyses indicated that these fragments represented cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase gene, ATP b gene coding ATP synthase b subunit and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme gene which upregulated at 0.5 h post inoculation, blue copper protein gene and UDP-N-acetyl-a-D-galactosamine gene which upregulated at 2 h post inoculation, TGA-type basic leucine zipper protein TGA1.1 gene, cyclophilin gene, and 14-3-3 protein gene which upregulated at 4 h post inoculation. Three resistance-related proteins, a-subunit and b-subunit of ATP synthase, and cytochrome P450-like protein, were upregulated at 2 h post inoculation. The results suggested that resistance-related multiple proteins and genes were expressed in the recognition between soybean and P. sojae during zoospore germination, penetration and mycelium growth of P. sojae in soybean.展开更多
文摘为提高山区隧道施工场地布置方案决策的准确性,以牛栾村隧道六种施工场地布置方案为例,提出了基于改进灰靶的方案优选模型。首先,通过分析场地布置方案影响因素,构建了以方案可行性、方案经济性、环境影响和社会效益影响为核心的评价指标体系;其次,采用云模型将定性指标定量描述,并运用CRITIC(criteria importance though intercriteria correlation)确定指标权重;最后以灰色关联差异信息值为基础,结合欧几里得理论计算修正的加权靶心距,通过对比靶心距实现方案优选,并采用单因素轮换法(one-at-a-time,OAT)进行了指标敏感性分析。结果表明:最优方案的加权靶心距为0.610,评选出的方案与实际一致,并分析出“地形地貌改变”为对方案评选影响最大的指标。可见,该方法呈现了各方案的优劣,使山区隧道施工场地布置方案评选更科学、合理。
基金supported by the Commonweal Specialized Research Fund of China Agriculture (3-20,201103015)
文摘Soybean root and stem rot caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease worldwide. Using genetic resistance is an important and major component in the integrated pest management of this disease. To understand molecular mechanisms of root and stem rot resistance in soybeans, the gene and protein expression in hypocotyls and stems of variety Suinong 10 carrying resistance genes Rps1a and Rps2 was investigated by using mRNA differential display reverse transcription PCR and two-dimensional electrophoresis at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h after inoculation with P. sojae race 1. The results of the comparison of gene and protein expression showed that at least eight differential fragments at the transcriptional level were related to metabolic pathway, phytoalexin, and signal transduction in defense responses. Sequence analyses indicated that these fragments represented cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase gene, ATP b gene coding ATP synthase b subunit and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme gene which upregulated at 0.5 h post inoculation, blue copper protein gene and UDP-N-acetyl-a-D-galactosamine gene which upregulated at 2 h post inoculation, TGA-type basic leucine zipper protein TGA1.1 gene, cyclophilin gene, and 14-3-3 protein gene which upregulated at 4 h post inoculation. Three resistance-related proteins, a-subunit and b-subunit of ATP synthase, and cytochrome P450-like protein, were upregulated at 2 h post inoculation. The results suggested that resistance-related multiple proteins and genes were expressed in the recognition between soybean and P. sojae during zoospore germination, penetration and mycelium growth of P. sojae in soybean.
