We propose an analytical model to evaluate the lightpath blocking performance for a single ROADM node with intra-node add/drop contention,in which the number of lightpaths that can be added/dropped with the same wavel...We propose an analytical model to evaluate the lightpath blocking performance for a single ROADM node with intra-node add/drop contention,in which the number of lightpaths that can be added/dropped with the same wavelength is limited by the add/drop contention factor.Different models of traffic load per nodal degree are considered to validate the effectiveness of the analytical model.The simulation results show that the proposed analytical model is effective in predicting the performance for different values of add/drop contention factor C and for variable offered loads at the node.The add/drop contention factor shows an important impact on the lightpath blocking performance and properly raising the contention factor can significantly improve the lightpath blocking performance.When the add/drop contention factor C exceeds a certain level,the performance of a ROADM with intra-node contention is close to that of a contentionless ROADM.展开更多
目的探讨腹横肌平面阻滞联合静脉注射艾司氯胺酮对高龄产妇剖宫产术后镇痛的影响。方法选择2022年8月至2023年8月在东莞市妇幼保健院接受子宫下段剖宫产的产妇72例进行随机对照试验。采用随机数字表法将入组产妇分为对照组与观察组,每...目的探讨腹横肌平面阻滞联合静脉注射艾司氯胺酮对高龄产妇剖宫产术后镇痛的影响。方法选择2022年8月至2023年8月在东莞市妇幼保健院接受子宫下段剖宫产的产妇72例进行随机对照试验。采用随机数字表法将入组产妇分为对照组与观察组,每组36例。对照组(40.42±9.43)岁,体质量指数(23.59±7.49)kg/cm^(2);观察组(41.91±9.32)岁,体质量指数(23.62±7.51)kg/cm^(2)。两组产妇均采用腰硬联合麻醉,术毕后实施超声引导腹横肌平面阻滞;观察组在胎儿娩出后静脉注射艾司氯胺酮0.5 mg/kg,对照组则在同一时间段静脉注射等量生理盐水。记录两组产妇术后2、4、6、12、24、48 h静息疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分;记录两组产妇首次患者自控镇痛(PCA)时间、48 h PCA总次数、氟比洛芬酯补救镇痛例数;记录两组产妇48 h下床活动次数、首次肛门排气时间;记录两组产妇眩晕、噩梦等镇痛相关不良反应发生情况。符合正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,计数资料两组间比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果观察组术后6、12 h静息VAS评分低于对照组[(1.12±0.37)分比(1.74±0.45)分、(1.14±0.38)分比(1.78±0.47)分,均P<0.05];观察组首次PCA时间长于对照组[(9.82±1.94)h比(5.13±1.47)h,P<0.05];观察组48 h PCA总次数、氟比洛芬酯补救镇痛例数低于对照组[(7.14±1.44)次比(10.62±2.92)次、2.78%(1/36)比25.00%(9/36),均P<0.05]。观察组48 h下床活动次数多于对照组[(10.27±2.13)次比(8.14±1.68)次,P<0.05];观察组首次肛门排气时间短于对照组[(8.52±1.63)h比(12.35±2.41)h,P<0.05];观察组眩晕发生率低于对照组[5.56%(2/36)比27.78%(10/36),P<0.05]。结论腹横肌平面阻滞联合静脉注射艾司氯胺酮对高龄产妇剖宫产术后的镇痛效果显著,可降低术后VAS评分,延长首次PCA时间,减少PCA总次数,促进术后恢复。展开更多
基金jointly supported by the National 863 Plans Project of China (2012AA050801)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61172057,61322109)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20130003)Science and Technology Support Plan of Jiangsu Province(BE2014855)
文摘We propose an analytical model to evaluate the lightpath blocking performance for a single ROADM node with intra-node add/drop contention,in which the number of lightpaths that can be added/dropped with the same wavelength is limited by the add/drop contention factor.Different models of traffic load per nodal degree are considered to validate the effectiveness of the analytical model.The simulation results show that the proposed analytical model is effective in predicting the performance for different values of add/drop contention factor C and for variable offered loads at the node.The add/drop contention factor shows an important impact on the lightpath blocking performance and properly raising the contention factor can significantly improve the lightpath blocking performance.When the add/drop contention factor C exceeds a certain level,the performance of a ROADM with intra-node contention is close to that of a contentionless ROADM.
文摘目的探讨腹横肌平面阻滞联合静脉注射艾司氯胺酮对高龄产妇剖宫产术后镇痛的影响。方法选择2022年8月至2023年8月在东莞市妇幼保健院接受子宫下段剖宫产的产妇72例进行随机对照试验。采用随机数字表法将入组产妇分为对照组与观察组,每组36例。对照组(40.42±9.43)岁,体质量指数(23.59±7.49)kg/cm^(2);观察组(41.91±9.32)岁,体质量指数(23.62±7.51)kg/cm^(2)。两组产妇均采用腰硬联合麻醉,术毕后实施超声引导腹横肌平面阻滞;观察组在胎儿娩出后静脉注射艾司氯胺酮0.5 mg/kg,对照组则在同一时间段静脉注射等量生理盐水。记录两组产妇术后2、4、6、12、24、48 h静息疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分;记录两组产妇首次患者自控镇痛(PCA)时间、48 h PCA总次数、氟比洛芬酯补救镇痛例数;记录两组产妇48 h下床活动次数、首次肛门排气时间;记录两组产妇眩晕、噩梦等镇痛相关不良反应发生情况。符合正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,计数资料两组间比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果观察组术后6、12 h静息VAS评分低于对照组[(1.12±0.37)分比(1.74±0.45)分、(1.14±0.38)分比(1.78±0.47)分,均P<0.05];观察组首次PCA时间长于对照组[(9.82±1.94)h比(5.13±1.47)h,P<0.05];观察组48 h PCA总次数、氟比洛芬酯补救镇痛例数低于对照组[(7.14±1.44)次比(10.62±2.92)次、2.78%(1/36)比25.00%(9/36),均P<0.05]。观察组48 h下床活动次数多于对照组[(10.27±2.13)次比(8.14±1.68)次,P<0.05];观察组首次肛门排气时间短于对照组[(8.52±1.63)h比(12.35±2.41)h,P<0.05];观察组眩晕发生率低于对照组[5.56%(2/36)比27.78%(10/36),P<0.05]。结论腹横肌平面阻滞联合静脉注射艾司氯胺酮对高龄产妇剖宫产术后的镇痛效果显著,可降低术后VAS评分,延长首次PCA时间,减少PCA总次数,促进术后恢复。