为探求适宜的处理方法提升甘蔗梢饲料的营养价值,选用甘蔗梢为主要原料,每千克基础料组成:900 g甘蔗梢,20g玉米粉,10 g豆粕,7.5 g尿素,60 g(NH4)2SO4,2 g KH2PO4,0.5 g MgSO4。基础料直接青贮设为对照组,试验组在基础料中分别添加黑曲...为探求适宜的处理方法提升甘蔗梢饲料的营养价值,选用甘蔗梢为主要原料,每千克基础料组成:900 g甘蔗梢,20g玉米粉,10 g豆粕,7.5 g尿素,60 g(NH4)2SO4,2 g KH2PO4,0.5 g MgSO4。基础料直接青贮设为对照组,试验组在基础料中分别添加黑曲霉、绿色木霉及黑曲霉+绿色木霉混合微生物制剂,青贮60 d,再进行常规养分分析,体外产气法测定体外干物质消化率,犊牛饲养试验测定生长性能,通过这些指标比较这2种微生物制剂对青贮甘蔗梢的影响。结果表明,添加黑曲霉+绿色木霉处理的甘蔗梢效果最好,粗蛋白含量提高11.79%,NDF和ADF含量分别降低6.56%、9.32%,体外消化率提高20.94%,料重比最低。展开更多
A bacterial strain that utilized o-chloronitrobenzene (o-CNB) as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy sources was isolated from an activated sludge collected from an industrial waste treatment plant. It was identifi...A bacterial strain that utilized o-chloronitrobenzene (o-CNB) as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy sources was isolated from an activated sludge collected from an industrial waste treatment plant. It was identified as Pseudomonas putida based on its morphology, physiological, and biochemical characteristics with an automatic biometrical system and the 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Microcosm study showed that the biodegradation of o-CNB was optimized at culture medium pH 8.0 and 32℃. At these conditions, the strain degraded 85% of o-CNB at a starting concentration of 1.1 mmol/L in 42 h. o-Chloroaniline was identified as the major metabolite with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study showed that o-CNB degradation by Pseudomonas putida OCNB-1 was initiated by aniline dioxyenase, nitrobenzene reductase and catechol-l,2- dioxygenase.展开更多
为了研究屎肠球菌对哺乳期仔猪的益生作用,试验选用健康的杜×长×大新生仔猪9窝,将其随机分为对照组、屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组,每组3窝。从出生开始至6日龄,对照组、屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组仔猪分别经口...为了研究屎肠球菌对哺乳期仔猪的益生作用,试验选用健康的杜×长×大新生仔猪9窝,将其随机分为对照组、屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组,每组3窝。从出生开始至6日龄,对照组、屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组仔猪分别经口灌服无菌脱脂乳、含屎肠球菌热灭活菌(浓度为1×108cfu/m L)的脱脂乳和含屎肠球菌活菌(浓度为1×108cfu/m L)的脱脂乳,10 m L/(头·d)。仔猪于7日龄开始饲喂教槽料,21日龄断奶。分别于7日龄和21日龄时从每窝中选出1头接近平均体重的仔猪屠宰,取肝脏和脾脏,采集空肠黏膜,计算并分析仔猪腹泻率、消化酶活性和脏器指数。结果表明:与对照组相比,灭活菌和活菌都不影响哺乳期仔猪的体重和日增重(P〉0.05);屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组仔猪第3周的腹泻率都下降至0,整个哺乳期腹泻率分别下降77.44%(P=0.078)和92.03%(P〈0.05),两个益生菌组间差异不显著(P〉0.05);屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组的21日龄仔猪空肠麦芽糖酶活性分别增加9.67倍(P〈0.05)和11.29倍(P=0.01),活菌还显著提高脂肪酶含量1.09倍(P〈0.05),但两个益生菌组间差异不显著(P〉0.05);灭活菌不影响仔猪肝脏指数和脾脏指数,活菌也不影响肝脏指数及7日龄仔猪脾脏指数,但显著降低21日龄仔猪脾脏指数(P〈0.05)。说明热灭活益生屎肠球菌对哺乳期仔猪的生长、腹泻率、小肠消化酶活性以及肝脏和脾脏指数都没有负面影响,而且在很大程度上与活菌的作用相似,具有替代活菌的潜力。展开更多
文摘为探求适宜的处理方法提升甘蔗梢饲料的营养价值,选用甘蔗梢为主要原料,每千克基础料组成:900 g甘蔗梢,20g玉米粉,10 g豆粕,7.5 g尿素,60 g(NH4)2SO4,2 g KH2PO4,0.5 g MgSO4。基础料直接青贮设为对照组,试验组在基础料中分别添加黑曲霉、绿色木霉及黑曲霉+绿色木霉混合微生物制剂,青贮60 d,再进行常规养分分析,体外产气法测定体外干物质消化率,犊牛饲养试验测定生长性能,通过这些指标比较这2种微生物制剂对青贮甘蔗梢的影响。结果表明,添加黑曲霉+绿色木霉处理的甘蔗梢效果最好,粗蛋白含量提高11.79%,NDF和ADF含量分别降低6.56%、9.32%,体外消化率提高20.94%,料重比最低。
基金supported by the National Natural Sci- ence Foundation of China (No. 50278036)the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA06Z378)
文摘A bacterial strain that utilized o-chloronitrobenzene (o-CNB) as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy sources was isolated from an activated sludge collected from an industrial waste treatment plant. It was identified as Pseudomonas putida based on its morphology, physiological, and biochemical characteristics with an automatic biometrical system and the 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Microcosm study showed that the biodegradation of o-CNB was optimized at culture medium pH 8.0 and 32℃. At these conditions, the strain degraded 85% of o-CNB at a starting concentration of 1.1 mmol/L in 42 h. o-Chloroaniline was identified as the major metabolite with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study showed that o-CNB degradation by Pseudomonas putida OCNB-1 was initiated by aniline dioxyenase, nitrobenzene reductase and catechol-l,2- dioxygenase.
文摘为了研究屎肠球菌对哺乳期仔猪的益生作用,试验选用健康的杜×长×大新生仔猪9窝,将其随机分为对照组、屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组,每组3窝。从出生开始至6日龄,对照组、屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组仔猪分别经口灌服无菌脱脂乳、含屎肠球菌热灭活菌(浓度为1×108cfu/m L)的脱脂乳和含屎肠球菌活菌(浓度为1×108cfu/m L)的脱脂乳,10 m L/(头·d)。仔猪于7日龄开始饲喂教槽料,21日龄断奶。分别于7日龄和21日龄时从每窝中选出1头接近平均体重的仔猪屠宰,取肝脏和脾脏,采集空肠黏膜,计算并分析仔猪腹泻率、消化酶活性和脏器指数。结果表明:与对照组相比,灭活菌和活菌都不影响哺乳期仔猪的体重和日增重(P〉0.05);屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组仔猪第3周的腹泻率都下降至0,整个哺乳期腹泻率分别下降77.44%(P=0.078)和92.03%(P〈0.05),两个益生菌组间差异不显著(P〉0.05);屎肠球菌灭活菌组和屎肠球菌活菌组的21日龄仔猪空肠麦芽糖酶活性分别增加9.67倍(P〈0.05)和11.29倍(P=0.01),活菌还显著提高脂肪酶含量1.09倍(P〈0.05),但两个益生菌组间差异不显著(P〉0.05);灭活菌不影响仔猪肝脏指数和脾脏指数,活菌也不影响肝脏指数及7日龄仔猪脾脏指数,但显著降低21日龄仔猪脾脏指数(P〈0.05)。说明热灭活益生屎肠球菌对哺乳期仔猪的生长、腹泻率、小肠消化酶活性以及肝脏和脾脏指数都没有负面影响,而且在很大程度上与活菌的作用相似,具有替代活菌的潜力。