为防止煤矿井下无线设备发射的无线电波引起瓦斯爆炸,需限制煤矿井下无线电波的功率和能量。介绍了不同标准中规定的连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值:①GB/T 3836.1−2021《爆炸性环境第1部分:设备通用要求》和国际标准IEC 60079-0:2017《E...为防止煤矿井下无线设备发射的无线电波引起瓦斯爆炸,需限制煤矿井下无线电波的功率和能量。介绍了不同标准中规定的连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值:①GB/T 3836.1−2021《爆炸性环境第1部分:设备通用要求》和国际标准IEC 60079-0:2017《Explosive atmospheres-Part 0:Equipment-General requirements》参考了欧洲标准CLC/TR 50427:2004《Assessment of inadvertent ignition of flammable atmospheres by radio-frequency radiation-Guide》的相关内容,省去了当爆炸性环境中不存在能作为接收天线的细长结构物体(如起重机)时,I类环境(代表性气体为甲烷)中连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值为8 W这一条款,并不加区分地规定I类环境中连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值为6 W;②英国标准BS 6656:1991《Guide to prevention of inadvertent ignition of flammable atmospheres by radio-frequency radiation》规定I类环境中连续无线电波工作频率大于30 MHz时,无论是否有起重机等细长环形结构物体,连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值均为8 W;③英国标准BS 6656:2002《Assessment of inadvertent ignition of flammable atmospheres by radio-frequency radiation-Guide》及欧洲标准CLC/TR 50427:2004均规定没有起重机等细长环形结构物体的I类环境中连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值为8 W,有起重机等细长环形结构物体的I类环境中连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值为6 W。分析了煤矿井下环境和设备特点:煤矿井下一般没有起重机;煤矿井下为受限空间,巷道较长,但巷道断面较小;沿巷道轴向敷设的电缆、水管、铁轨、钢丝绳、架空线、胶带架等轴向导体细长,但不会形成利于无线电波接收的环形天线;巷道工字钢支护等横向导体可以形成利于无线电波接收的环形天线,但工字钢导体截面大,不满足细长结构特征;综采工作面液压支架可以形成环形结构,但液压支架千斤顶将其分为多个环形结构,支架导体截面大,不满足细长结构特征。指出了煤矿井下连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值没有执行6 W之前,漏泄、感应、透地、多基站等矿井无线通信系统已广泛应用煤矿井下,未见有引起瓦斯和煤尘爆炸事故的案例。因此,不加区分地将煤矿井下无线电波防爆安全功率阈值定为6 W,缺乏理论分析和实验验证。特别是5G,WiFi6,UWB,ZigBee等矿用移动通信系统及人员和车辆定位系统工作频率较高,因此煤矿井下连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值应为8 W。展开更多
The relation between plate tectonics and earthquake evolution is analyzed systematically on the basis of 1998-2010 absolute and relative gravity data from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. Most earthq...The relation between plate tectonics and earthquake evolution is analyzed systematically on the basis of 1998-2010 absolute and relative gravity data from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. Most earthquakes originated in the plate boundary or within the fault zone. Tectonic deformation was most intense and exhibited discontinuity within the tectonically active fault zone because of the differential movement; the stress accumulation produced an abrupt gravity change, which was further enhanced by the earthquake. The gravity data from China's Mainland since 2000 obviously reflected five major earthquakes （Ms 〉 7）, all of which were better reflected than before 2000. Regional gravity anomalies and a gravity gradient change were observed in the area around the epicenter about 2 or 3 years before the earthquake occurred, suggesting that gravity change may be a seismic precursor. Furthermore, in this study, the medium-term predictions of the Ms7.3 Yutian, Ms8.0 Wenchuan, and Ms7.0 Lushan earthquakes are analytically pre- sented and evaluated, especially to estimate location of earthquake.展开更多
文摘为防止煤矿井下无线设备发射的无线电波引起瓦斯爆炸,需限制煤矿井下无线电波的功率和能量。介绍了不同标准中规定的连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值:①GB/T 3836.1−2021《爆炸性环境第1部分:设备通用要求》和国际标准IEC 60079-0:2017《Explosive atmospheres-Part 0:Equipment-General requirements》参考了欧洲标准CLC/TR 50427:2004《Assessment of inadvertent ignition of flammable atmospheres by radio-frequency radiation-Guide》的相关内容,省去了当爆炸性环境中不存在能作为接收天线的细长结构物体(如起重机)时,I类环境(代表性气体为甲烷)中连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值为8 W这一条款,并不加区分地规定I类环境中连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值为6 W;②英国标准BS 6656:1991《Guide to prevention of inadvertent ignition of flammable atmospheres by radio-frequency radiation》规定I类环境中连续无线电波工作频率大于30 MHz时,无论是否有起重机等细长环形结构物体,连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值均为8 W;③英国标准BS 6656:2002《Assessment of inadvertent ignition of flammable atmospheres by radio-frequency radiation-Guide》及欧洲标准CLC/TR 50427:2004均规定没有起重机等细长环形结构物体的I类环境中连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值为8 W,有起重机等细长环形结构物体的I类环境中连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值为6 W。分析了煤矿井下环境和设备特点:煤矿井下一般没有起重机;煤矿井下为受限空间,巷道较长,但巷道断面较小;沿巷道轴向敷设的电缆、水管、铁轨、钢丝绳、架空线、胶带架等轴向导体细长,但不会形成利于无线电波接收的环形天线;巷道工字钢支护等横向导体可以形成利于无线电波接收的环形天线,但工字钢导体截面大,不满足细长结构特征;综采工作面液压支架可以形成环形结构,但液压支架千斤顶将其分为多个环形结构,支架导体截面大,不满足细长结构特征。指出了煤矿井下连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值没有执行6 W之前,漏泄、感应、透地、多基站等矿井无线通信系统已广泛应用煤矿井下,未见有引起瓦斯和煤尘爆炸事故的案例。因此,不加区分地将煤矿井下无线电波防爆安全功率阈值定为6 W,缺乏理论分析和实验验证。特别是5G,WiFi6,UWB,ZigBee等矿用移动通信系统及人员和车辆定位系统工作频率较高,因此煤矿井下连续无线电波防爆安全功率阈值应为8 W。
基金jointly funded by the Shanxi Science and Technology Plan Projects(2014K13-04)the Special Earthquake Research Project Grant offered by the China Earthquake Administration(201508009)the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China
文摘The relation between plate tectonics and earthquake evolution is analyzed systematically on the basis of 1998-2010 absolute and relative gravity data from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. Most earthquakes originated in the plate boundary or within the fault zone. Tectonic deformation was most intense and exhibited discontinuity within the tectonically active fault zone because of the differential movement; the stress accumulation produced an abrupt gravity change, which was further enhanced by the earthquake. The gravity data from China's Mainland since 2000 obviously reflected five major earthquakes （Ms 〉 7）, all of which were better reflected than before 2000. Regional gravity anomalies and a gravity gradient change were observed in the area around the epicenter about 2 or 3 years before the earthquake occurred, suggesting that gravity change may be a seismic precursor. Furthermore, in this study, the medium-term predictions of the Ms7.3 Yutian, Ms8.0 Wenchuan, and Ms7.0 Lushan earthquakes are analytically pre- sented and evaluated, especially to estimate location of earthquake.
基金Science Fund of Sichuan Province for Distinguished Young Scholars Sichuan Science(2023NSFSC1942)National Double First-Class Universities Construction Grant of Sichuan University(2020SCUNG201)。
