髋关节发育性不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)是常见的先天性关节疾病之一.目前临床上常采用Graf法对婴儿进行髋关节超声筛查,以提早发现病情,提高治愈率.Graf方法高度依赖标准切面的选取和关键解剖结构的识别,对医生的...髋关节发育性不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)是常见的先天性关节疾病之一.目前临床上常采用Graf法对婴儿进行髋关节超声筛查,以提早发现病情,提高治愈率.Graf方法高度依赖标准切面的选取和关键解剖结构的识别,对医生的知识和经验要求较高.提出智能化婴儿DDH辅助筛查系统,建立自动化筛查流程,实现自动识别标准切面并测量发育指标α角和β角.标准切面自动识别模块基于少样本单类别分类(few-shot one-class classifier,FOC)的神经网络,通过自监督训练方式学习标准切面的特征信息,预测图像的标准化得分.α角和β角快速测量模块基于快速实例网络(fast instance network,FIN),通过高效的单阶段的网络架构和多任务学习模式,对标准切面实时测量并将结果可视化.分别通过自动识别标准切面和自动测量发育指标两类实验对所建立的辅助筛查系统进行验证.与单类别支持向量机、深度支持向量数据描述网络和Ganomaly网络相比,FOC方法的接受者操作特征曲线下面积达到76.43%,性能最优;与全卷积网络、Unet和deeplab V3相比,采用FIN模块测量的α角和β角的平均绝对误差分别为2.48°和4.38°,推理速度达到33.88帧/s,速度最快且性能最优.实验结果表明,该系统可降低对训练数据量的依赖,有助于提升DDH临床筛查的同质化水平,控制测量质量,提高临床筛查的工作效率.展开更多
Twenty-seven novel chaicone derivatives were designed and synthesized as neuraniinidase(NA) inhibitors. A concise suitable synthetic strategy was employed in the target compounds? synthesis with relatively high yields...Twenty-seven novel chaicone derivatives were designed and synthesized as neuraniinidase(NA) inhibitors. A concise suitable synthetic strategy was employed in the target compounds? synthesis with relatively high yields. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against the NA of influenza A virus in vitro. The results show that compound 9b possesses the most potent NA inhibitory activity. Structure-activity relationship studies indicate that the chaicone system and hydrogen bond donor substituent are significant for the NA inhibitory activity. And the chaicone derivatives containing pyran ring have better NA inhibitory activity than those without the pyran ring. In addition, molecular docking studies reveal that compounds 9b and 9u are in the good binding mode with Zanamivir binding sites. This study indicates that compound 9b could be selected as a potent compoxind for further structural optimization and development of novel NA inhibitors.展开更多
文摘髋关节发育性不良(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)是常见的先天性关节疾病之一.目前临床上常采用Graf法对婴儿进行髋关节超声筛查,以提早发现病情,提高治愈率.Graf方法高度依赖标准切面的选取和关键解剖结构的识别,对医生的知识和经验要求较高.提出智能化婴儿DDH辅助筛查系统,建立自动化筛查流程,实现自动识别标准切面并测量发育指标α角和β角.标准切面自动识别模块基于少样本单类别分类(few-shot one-class classifier,FOC)的神经网络,通过自监督训练方式学习标准切面的特征信息,预测图像的标准化得分.α角和β角快速测量模块基于快速实例网络(fast instance network,FIN),通过高效的单阶段的网络架构和多任务学习模式,对标准切面实时测量并将结果可视化.分别通过自动识别标准切面和自动测量发育指标两类实验对所建立的辅助筛查系统进行验证.与单类别支持向量机、深度支持向量数据描述网络和Ganomaly网络相比,FOC方法的接受者操作特征曲线下面积达到76.43%,性能最优;与全卷积网络、Unet和deeplab V3相比,采用FIN模块测量的α角和β角的平均绝对误差分别为2.48°和4.38°,推理速度达到33.88帧/s,速度最快且性能最优.实验结果表明,该系统可降低对训练数据量的依赖,有助于提升DDH临床筛查的同质化水平,控制测量质量,提高临床筛查的工作效率.
基金the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2019JJ40030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81673480).
文摘Twenty-seven novel chaicone derivatives were designed and synthesized as neuraniinidase(NA) inhibitors. A concise suitable synthetic strategy was employed in the target compounds? synthesis with relatively high yields. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against the NA of influenza A virus in vitro. The results show that compound 9b possesses the most potent NA inhibitory activity. Structure-activity relationship studies indicate that the chaicone system and hydrogen bond donor substituent are significant for the NA inhibitory activity. And the chaicone derivatives containing pyran ring have better NA inhibitory activity than those without the pyran ring. In addition, molecular docking studies reveal that compounds 9b and 9u are in the good binding mode with Zanamivir binding sites. This study indicates that compound 9b could be selected as a potent compoxind for further structural optimization and development of novel NA inhibitors.