Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial biodiversity.The impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attentio...Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial biodiversity.The impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attention.Soil microorganisms have been proven to provide nutrients for specific plant growth,especially in nutrient-poor desert steppe ecosystems.However,the effects of N deposition on plant-soil microbial community interactions in such ecosystems remain poorly understood.To investigate these effects,we conducted a 6-year N-addition field experiment in a Stipa breviflora Griseb.desert steppe in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Four N treatment levels(N0,N30,N50,and N100,corresponding to 0,30,50,and 100 kg N/(hm2•a),respectively)were applied to simulate atmospheric N deposition.The results showed that N deposition did not significantly affect the aboveground biomass of desert steppe plants.N deposition did not significantly reduce the alfa-diversity of plant and microbial communities in the desert steppe,and low and mediate N additions(N30 and N50)had a promoting effect on them.The variation pattern of plant Shannon index was consistent with that of the soil bacterial Chao1 index.N deposition significantly affected the beta-diversity of plants and soil bacteria,but did not significantly affect fungal communities.In conclusion,N deposition led to co-evolution between desert steppe plants and soil bacterial communities,while fungal communities exhibited strong stability and did not undergo significant changes.These findings help clarify atmospheric N deposition effects on the ecological health and function of the desert steppe.展开更多
为了解决锚杆托板难以适应围岩冲击作用而出现过载弯折、变形、撕裂等问题,提出了1种用拉伸微晶格填充穹顶实体部分的新概念,将穹顶结构与四面体晶格相结合,得到了1种新型托板-微晶格穹顶结构托板。通过数值模拟软件Abaqus设置了3种可3...为了解决锚杆托板难以适应围岩冲击作用而出现过载弯折、变形、撕裂等问题,提出了1种用拉伸微晶格填充穹顶实体部分的新概念,将穹顶结构与四面体晶格相结合,得到了1种新型托板-微晶格穹顶结构托板。通过数值模拟软件Abaqus设置了3种可3D打印的材料,即Q235钢、ABS塑料、铝合金,在不同材料的基础上赋予托板截面不同的圆形剖面尺寸,即直径为1、2、3 mm,进行有限元对比分析。分析结果表明:不同剖面尺寸下3种材料的承载力和能量吸收的大小顺序为直径3 mm Q235钢>铝合金>ABS塑料,其中Q235钢的承载力约为4.26×10^(5)N,能量吸收约为2.2×10^(5)J,具有高强及高吸能特性;新型托板在材料为Q235钢,剖面直径为3mm时,承载力最大,吸能效果最强,为此数值模拟的最优结果。展开更多
Gangue hill is the associated accumulation landscape of long-term coal mining.There are a large number of gangue hills left in coal mining cities,which not only causes ecological damage but also affects the urban envi...Gangue hill is the associated accumulation landscape of long-term coal mining.There are a large number of gangue hills left in coal mining cities,which not only causes ecological damage but also affects the urban environment,thus becoming the focus of urban landscape transformation of coal mining cities.With the increase of people’s demand for ecological leisure,it has become the first choice to transform gangue hill and its surrounding areas into community parks.From the perspective of urban space and landscape system,as a huge regeneration landform in the city and a unique landscape in the mining area,gangue hill not only needs to be afforested,but also needs to be connected with mining heritages and landscape nodes in the city to form the interaction between“scenery”and“view”,so as to form an integrated mining cultural landscape system at the urban level.On the basis of this concept,taking the gangue hill of Zhongxing in Zaozhuang City as an example,this paper quantitatively analyzes the best landscape construction site in the gangue hill via viewshed analysis in GIS.Through this method,the gangue hill and Zhongxing mining heritage are closely combined,so as to establish the interactive relationship between“scenery”and“view”.It can guide the planning and design of sightseeing route and footpath system,and also provide a technical support for the design of community parks transformed from gangue hills.展开更多
凋落物分解是陆地生态系统养分循环的重要过程,在生物地球化学循环过程中发挥着重要作用。全球变化是影响凋落物分解的重要因子,其对生态系统养分循环的影响存在诸多不确定性。研究荒漠草原凋落物分解对氮沉降和降水变化及其二者交互作...凋落物分解是陆地生态系统养分循环的重要过程,在生物地球化学循环过程中发挥着重要作用。全球变化是影响凋落物分解的重要因子,其对生态系统养分循环的影响存在诸多不确定性。研究荒漠草原凋落物分解对氮沉降和降水变化及其二者交互作用的响应,是揭示这些不确定性、保护草原生态系统结构和功能的科学基础。以内蒙古四子王旗短花针茅荒漠草原为研究对象,选取建群种短花针茅和优势种无芒隐子草两种植物凋落物,开展为期4年的长期分解实验,探究两种植物凋落物分解特征及养分释放规律。实验采用裂区设计,主区为自然降水(C)、增雨30%(W)和减雨30%(R)3个水分梯度,副区为0(N0)、30(N30)、50(N50)和100(N100) kg hm^(-2)a^(-1)4个氮素梯度。结果表明:(1)增雨和氮沉降促进荒漠草原凋落物分解,减雨反之,降水对两种凋落物影响具有差异,而氮沉降的作用不依赖于物种;(2)氮沉降缩短凋落物分解周期5.12%—14.82%,增雨与氮沉降交互缩短凋落物分解周期3.69%—28.75%;(3)降水始终有利于凋落物中碳、纤维素和木质素释放,而分解后期氮沉降对其影响不显著,凋落物分解后期主要受木质素分解速率控制。综上所述,影响荒漠草原凋落物分解的主要因素为降水,其次是氮素,二者对凋落物分解具有协同作用。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860136,31560156)the Basic Scientific Research Service Fee Project of Colleges and Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regionthe Graduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(B20210158Z).
文摘Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial biodiversity.The impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attention.Soil microorganisms have been proven to provide nutrients for specific plant growth,especially in nutrient-poor desert steppe ecosystems.However,the effects of N deposition on plant-soil microbial community interactions in such ecosystems remain poorly understood.To investigate these effects,we conducted a 6-year N-addition field experiment in a Stipa breviflora Griseb.desert steppe in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Four N treatment levels(N0,N30,N50,and N100,corresponding to 0,30,50,and 100 kg N/(hm2•a),respectively)were applied to simulate atmospheric N deposition.The results showed that N deposition did not significantly affect the aboveground biomass of desert steppe plants.N deposition did not significantly reduce the alfa-diversity of plant and microbial communities in the desert steppe,and low and mediate N additions(N30 and N50)had a promoting effect on them.The variation pattern of plant Shannon index was consistent with that of the soil bacterial Chao1 index.N deposition significantly affected the beta-diversity of plants and soil bacteria,but did not significantly affect fungal communities.In conclusion,N deposition led to co-evolution between desert steppe plants and soil bacterial communities,while fungal communities exhibited strong stability and did not undergo significant changes.These findings help clarify atmospheric N deposition effects on the ecological health and function of the desert steppe.
文摘为了解决锚杆托板难以适应围岩冲击作用而出现过载弯折、变形、撕裂等问题,提出了1种用拉伸微晶格填充穹顶实体部分的新概念,将穹顶结构与四面体晶格相结合,得到了1种新型托板-微晶格穹顶结构托板。通过数值模拟软件Abaqus设置了3种可3D打印的材料,即Q235钢、ABS塑料、铝合金,在不同材料的基础上赋予托板截面不同的圆形剖面尺寸,即直径为1、2、3 mm,进行有限元对比分析。分析结果表明:不同剖面尺寸下3种材料的承载力和能量吸收的大小顺序为直径3 mm Q235钢>铝合金>ABS塑料,其中Q235钢的承载力约为4.26×10^(5)N,能量吸收约为2.2×10^(5)J,具有高强及高吸能特性;新型托板在材料为Q235钢,剖面直径为3mm时,承载力最大,吸能效果最强,为此数值模拟的最优结果。
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51778641).
文摘Gangue hill is the associated accumulation landscape of long-term coal mining.There are a large number of gangue hills left in coal mining cities,which not only causes ecological damage but also affects the urban environment,thus becoming the focus of urban landscape transformation of coal mining cities.With the increase of people’s demand for ecological leisure,it has become the first choice to transform gangue hill and its surrounding areas into community parks.From the perspective of urban space and landscape system,as a huge regeneration landform in the city and a unique landscape in the mining area,gangue hill not only needs to be afforested,but also needs to be connected with mining heritages and landscape nodes in the city to form the interaction between“scenery”and“view”,so as to form an integrated mining cultural landscape system at the urban level.On the basis of this concept,taking the gangue hill of Zhongxing in Zaozhuang City as an example,this paper quantitatively analyzes the best landscape construction site in the gangue hill via viewshed analysis in GIS.Through this method,the gangue hill and Zhongxing mining heritage are closely combined,so as to establish the interactive relationship between“scenery”and“view”.It can guide the planning and design of sightseeing route and footpath system,and also provide a technical support for the design of community parks transformed from gangue hills.
文摘凋落物分解是陆地生态系统养分循环的重要过程,在生物地球化学循环过程中发挥着重要作用。全球变化是影响凋落物分解的重要因子,其对生态系统养分循环的影响存在诸多不确定性。研究荒漠草原凋落物分解对氮沉降和降水变化及其二者交互作用的响应,是揭示这些不确定性、保护草原生态系统结构和功能的科学基础。以内蒙古四子王旗短花针茅荒漠草原为研究对象,选取建群种短花针茅和优势种无芒隐子草两种植物凋落物,开展为期4年的长期分解实验,探究两种植物凋落物分解特征及养分释放规律。实验采用裂区设计,主区为自然降水(C)、增雨30%(W)和减雨30%(R)3个水分梯度,副区为0(N0)、30(N30)、50(N50)和100(N100) kg hm^(-2)a^(-1)4个氮素梯度。结果表明:(1)增雨和氮沉降促进荒漠草原凋落物分解,减雨反之,降水对两种凋落物影响具有差异,而氮沉降的作用不依赖于物种;(2)氮沉降缩短凋落物分解周期5.12%—14.82%,增雨与氮沉降交互缩短凋落物分解周期3.69%—28.75%;(3)降水始终有利于凋落物中碳、纤维素和木质素释放,而分解后期氮沉降对其影响不显著,凋落物分解后期主要受木质素分解速率控制。综上所述,影响荒漠草原凋落物分解的主要因素为降水,其次是氮素,二者对凋落物分解具有协同作用。
