以玉米秸秆为原料制备黄原酸盐,用于吸附去除淋洗废液中的重金属,研究玉米秸秆黄原酸盐制备条件对去除污染土壤淋洗液中重金属离子效果的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆(10 g)制备黄原酸盐的最优条件为:20%Na OH 200 m L,CS2加入量5 m L,黄化...以玉米秸秆为原料制备黄原酸盐,用于吸附去除淋洗废液中的重金属,研究玉米秸秆黄原酸盐制备条件对去除污染土壤淋洗液中重金属离子效果的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆(10 g)制备黄原酸盐的最优条件为:20%Na OH 200 m L,CS2加入量5 m L,黄化时间1 h,5%MgSO4加入量3 m L。在此条件下,玉米秸秆黄原酸盐可使废液中重金属Pb^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Cr6+和Cu^(2+)的离子去除率达83. 3%～99. 2%。处理重金属废液后的玉米秸秆黄原酸盐残渣浸出率低,污泥稳定。展开更多
Water level is an important index for studying hydrologic processes. Water level rise processes were studied in three catchments(catchment I, II, III in Chen Jiagou watershed in the Three Gorge Reservoir Area) with di...Water level is an important index for studying hydrologic processes. Water level rise processes were studied in three catchments(catchment I, II, III in Chen Jiagou watershed in the Three Gorge Reservoir Area) with different areas to provide useful information to inform data extension from a gauged-catchment to an ungauged catchment. The results showed that there are seasonal changes in the dominant driving mode of the rise of the water level. The rise of the water level in March is likely mainly driven by the mode of stored-full runoff, and in September or October, it is mainly driven by Horton-flow. The correlation coefficients of all indexes were significant among the three catchments, suggesting that these catchments have similarities and that water level data extension is likely to be completed successfully between the large catchment(III-Catchment) and the small catchment(ICatchment). It was confirmed that there is good similarity between the 0.6 km^2 and 6 km^2 catchments, and the data correlation is good between the catchments with the area differences in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. In addition, the rise processes of the water level in the catchments were not only different under the same rain conditions, but this difference could also change with the rain condition.展开更多
采用模拟装置研究了不同大分子物质(多聚糖、腐殖酸、柠檬酸)联合亚铁离子和不同糖类(单聚糖、双聚糖、多聚糖)活化过硫酸盐氧化降解土壤中石油烃、多环芳烃的氧化效果和机制.结果表明,不同活化过硫酸盐对总石油烃和多环芳烃的降解效果...采用模拟装置研究了不同大分子物质(多聚糖、腐殖酸、柠檬酸)联合亚铁离子和不同糖类(单聚糖、双聚糖、多聚糖)活化过硫酸盐氧化降解土壤中石油烃、多环芳烃的氧化效果和机制.结果表明,不同活化过硫酸盐对总石油烃和多环芳烃的降解效果依次为:腐殖酸联合亚铁离子>多糖>柠檬酸螯合铁>多糖加亚铁离子>双糖>单糖>CK对照组.其中,腐殖酸联合亚铁离子活化过硫酸盐对两种污染物的去除效率最高,分别达79.21%和79.89%,处理后土壤中石油烃的反弹含量最小,氧化效果最稳定.此外,腐殖酸联合亚铁离子和多糖活化过硫酸盐对难降解的高环多环芳烃均能实现很好的去除效果,降解效率分别达77.96%和84.37%,相比其他处理提高了14.37%~59.10%和20.78%~65.51%.腐殖酸联合亚铁离子活化处理后土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)最高(618~676 m V),多糖处理次之,表明大分子材料活化过硫酸盐的氧化性能最好,能高效去除土壤中有机污染物.展开更多
Surfactant enhanced remediation is thought to be an effective method for the remediation of soils polluted with hydrophoblc organic compounds. Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） from an abandoned ...Surfactant enhanced remediation is thought to be an effective method for the remediation of soils polluted with hydrophoblc organic compounds. Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） from an abandoned manufactured gas plant （MGP） soil was evaluated using four eluting agents including Triton X-100 （TX100）, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate （SDBS）, rhamnolipid water solution （RWS） and rhamnolipid fermentation broth （RFB）. The weight solubilization ratios for acenaphthene and fluorene were in the order of TX100 〉 SDBS 〉 RWS 〉 RFB. The Sm value, which indicates the maximum amounts of surfactants adsorbed in the soil, was in the order of RWS 〉 RFB 〉 SDBS 〉 TX100. By using 8 g L-1 of TX100, SDBS and RWS and 100% of RFB, the T-PAHs removal for the MGP soil contaminated with 207.86 mg T-PAHs kg-1 dry soil was 48.0%, 45.7%, 1.9%, and 8.6%, respectively, while that decreased to 41.6%, 37%, 0.38%, and 1.3% for the soil contaminated with 3494.78 mg T-PAHs kg-1 dry soil. Only 8 g L-1 TX100 could remove all types of the 16 PAHs partly in the MGP soil, and the removal efficiencies of different PAHs ranged from 13% to 77.8%. The results of this study herein provide valuable information for the selection of TX100 surfactant for remediating PAH-contaminated soils in MGP.展开更多
文摘以玉米秸秆为原料制备黄原酸盐,用于吸附去除淋洗废液中的重金属,研究玉米秸秆黄原酸盐制备条件对去除污染土壤淋洗液中重金属离子效果的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆(10 g)制备黄原酸盐的最优条件为:20%Na OH 200 m L,CS2加入量5 m L,黄化时间1 h,5%MgSO4加入量3 m L。在此条件下,玉米秸秆黄原酸盐可使废液中重金属Pb^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Cr6+和Cu^(2+)的离子去除率达83. 3%～99. 2%。处理重金属废液后的玉米秸秆黄原酸盐残渣浸出率低,污泥稳定。
基金funded by West Light Foundation of The Chinese Academy of Sciences,CASthe State Council Three Gorges Construction Committee Project of China
文摘Water level is an important index for studying hydrologic processes. Water level rise processes were studied in three catchments(catchment I, II, III in Chen Jiagou watershed in the Three Gorge Reservoir Area) with different areas to provide useful information to inform data extension from a gauged-catchment to an ungauged catchment. The results showed that there are seasonal changes in the dominant driving mode of the rise of the water level. The rise of the water level in March is likely mainly driven by the mode of stored-full runoff, and in September or October, it is mainly driven by Horton-flow. The correlation coefficients of all indexes were significant among the three catchments, suggesting that these catchments have similarities and that water level data extension is likely to be completed successfully between the large catchment(III-Catchment) and the small catchment(ICatchment). It was confirmed that there is good similarity between the 0.6 km^2 and 6 km^2 catchments, and the data correlation is good between the catchments with the area differences in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. In addition, the rise processes of the water level in the catchments were not only different under the same rain conditions, but this difference could also change with the rain condition.
文摘采用模拟装置研究了不同大分子物质(多聚糖、腐殖酸、柠檬酸)联合亚铁离子和不同糖类(单聚糖、双聚糖、多聚糖)活化过硫酸盐氧化降解土壤中石油烃、多环芳烃的氧化效果和机制.结果表明,不同活化过硫酸盐对总石油烃和多环芳烃的降解效果依次为:腐殖酸联合亚铁离子>多糖>柠檬酸螯合铁>多糖加亚铁离子>双糖>单糖>CK对照组.其中,腐殖酸联合亚铁离子活化过硫酸盐对两种污染物的去除效率最高,分别达79.21%和79.89%,处理后土壤中石油烃的反弹含量最小,氧化效果最稳定.此外,腐殖酸联合亚铁离子和多糖活化过硫酸盐对难降解的高环多环芳烃均能实现很好的去除效果,降解效率分别达77.96%和84.37%,相比其他处理提高了14.37%~59.10%和20.78%~65.51%.腐殖酸联合亚铁离子活化处理后土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)最高(618~676 m V),多糖处理次之,表明大分子材料活化过硫酸盐的氧化性能最好,能高效去除土壤中有机污染物.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program(863 Program)of China(No.2012AA06A201)the Cooperation Program of the Beijing Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Beijing Academy of Science and Technology of China(No.PXM2010-178203-096006)
文摘Surfactant enhanced remediation is thought to be an effective method for the remediation of soils polluted with hydrophoblc organic compounds. Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） from an abandoned manufactured gas plant （MGP） soil was evaluated using four eluting agents including Triton X-100 （TX100）, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate （SDBS）, rhamnolipid water solution （RWS） and rhamnolipid fermentation broth （RFB）. The weight solubilization ratios for acenaphthene and fluorene were in the order of TX100 〉 SDBS 〉 RWS 〉 RFB. The Sm value, which indicates the maximum amounts of surfactants adsorbed in the soil, was in the order of RWS 〉 RFB 〉 SDBS 〉 TX100. By using 8 g L-1 of TX100, SDBS and RWS and 100% of RFB, the T-PAHs removal for the MGP soil contaminated with 207.86 mg T-PAHs kg-1 dry soil was 48.0%, 45.7%, 1.9%, and 8.6%, respectively, while that decreased to 41.6%, 37%, 0.38%, and 1.3% for the soil contaminated with 3494.78 mg T-PAHs kg-1 dry soil. Only 8 g L-1 TX100 could remove all types of the 16 PAHs partly in the MGP soil, and the removal efficiencies of different PAHs ranged from 13% to 77.8%. The results of this study herein provide valuable information for the selection of TX100 surfactant for remediating PAH-contaminated soils in MGP.
