The exploration conducted in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China has demonstrated that the abundant petroleum resources have close affinities to the hydrocarbon kitchen with rich organic matter. A number of oil-generat...The exploration conducted in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China has demonstrated that the abundant petroleum resources have close affinities to the hydrocarbon kitchen with rich organic matter. A number of oil-generating associations with various characteristics of organic geochemistry and assemblages of multiple reservoir facies are developed due to the multi-center sedimentation, multi-source supply and multi-cycle evolution of filling, which have resulted in the formation of multiple oil and gas accumulation zones of various layers and trap styles. Among them the Paleogene Shahejie Formation is the most important hydrocarbon accumulation combination in the Dongying sag. Heretofore, its proved reserve has reached nearly 1.8×109t, which accounts for more than 90% of the total proved reserves of the Dongying sag. Based on previous studies, more than 600 source rock samples and 186 crude oil samples of the Shahejie Formation, collected from 30 oilfields, have been treated with organic geochemical testing. By combining the sedimentary sequence characteristics and geochemical analysis results, the source rocks of the Shahejie Formation can be divided into three genetic types, i.e. the saline lake facies (the upper ES4, brackish water deep lake facies (the lower ES3) and fresh-water lake facies (the middle ES3), which correspond to the under-filling, balanced-filling and over-filling lake types respectively and represent the three most essential genetic models for source rocks of non-marine fault basins in China. Based on a thorough oil-source correlation, the source rocks of the saline lake and brackish deep lake facies are determined to be the most contributive source rocks in the Dongying sag. Furthermore, by probing into the accumulation of organic matter and hydrocarbon migration pattern, it can be inferred that the hydrocarbons, generated from source rocks of the saline lake facies with relatively low maturity, have mainly accumulated in the uplifted parts of the basin's margin via lateral migration and the reservoirs are dominated by the buried hill and stratigraphic types, while hydrocarbons generated from source rocks of the brackish lake facies are mainly distributed in the basin's center via vertical migration and characterized by forming lithologic reservoirs. Also, the reservoirs located in the transitional belts have complex types and mostly controlled by faults, characterized by block (structural-lithologic) reservoirs, and the crude oils mainly come from source beds of Es31 and Es42 respectively.展开更多
Vibration acceleration signals are often measured from case surface of arunning machine to monitor its condition. If the measured vibration signals display to have periodicimpulse components with a certain frequency, ...Vibration acceleration signals are often measured from case surface of arunning machine to monitor its condition. If the measured vibration signals display to have periodicimpulse components with a certain frequency, there may exist a corresponding local fault in themachine, and if further extracting the periodic impulse components from the vibration signals, theseverity of the local fault can be estimated and tracked. However, the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs)of the vibration acceleration signals are often so small that the periodic impulse components aresubmersed in much background noises and other components, and it is difficult or inconvenient for usto detect and extract the periodic impulse components with the current common analyzing methods forvibration signals. Therefore, another technique, called singular value decomposition (SVD), istried to be introduced to solve the problem. First, the principle of detecting and extracting thesignal periodic components using singular value decomposition is summarized and discussed. Second,the infeasibility of the direct use of the existing SVD based detecting and extracting approach ispointed out. Third, the approach to construct the matrix for SVD from the signal series is improvedlargely, which is the key program to improve the SVD technique; Other associated improvement is alsoproposed. Finally, a simulating application example and a real-life application example ondetecting and extracting the periodic impulse components are given, which showed that the introducedand improved SVD technique is feasible.展开更多
Eight hundred and thirty eight base pair fragment of mitochondrial COI gene of wild and cultured populations (CP1, CP4, CP5 and CP6) of Fenneropenaeus chinensis was amplified and sequenced. The A, T, G and C contents ...Eight hundred and thirty eight base pair fragment of mitochondrial COI gene of wild and cultured populations (CP1, CP4, CP5 and CP6) of Fenneropenaeus chinensis was amplified and sequenced. The A, T, G and C contents of the sequence were 235bp(28.0%), 307bp(36.6%), 138bp(16.5%) and 158bp(18.9%), respectively. Furthermore, 556bp fragment of the sequence was used to discuss the phylogenetic relationship among 14 Penaeidae species using Alpheus armillatus as the outgroup. From the molecular phylogenetic tree constructed by neighbor-joining method, we obtained three large shrimp groups:Farfantepenaeus, Litopenaeus and Fenneropenaeus group. The results also indicated that there were a closer genetic relationships between F. aztecus and F. paulensis, L. schmitti and L. setiferus, F. indicus and F. merguiensis, and the genus Farfantepenaeus was closer to Litopenaeus.展开更多
In this article, I analyze theoretical trends, ethnographic fieldwork, and case studies in medical anthropology related to schistosomiasis control worldwide, highlighting useful examples for anthropologists and socio-...In this article, I analyze theoretical trends, ethnographic fieldwork, and case studies in medical anthropology related to schistosomiasis control worldwide, highlighting useful examples for anthropologists and socio-behavioral scientists involved in schistosomiasis control in China. I begin by reviewing recent research developments and medical anthropological perspectives that have been applied in schistosomiasis control. Then, I dissect and examine three medical anthropological projects carried out in St. Lucia, Brazil, and Cameroon, with an emphasis on their methodology, fieldwork strategies, and theoretical implications for schistosomiasis control. I conclude that an integration of anthropology and related socio-behavioral sciences will consummate our broader understanding of schistosomiasis, and help to build community-centered, sustainable control of schistosomiasis.展开更多
Ojbective To assess the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on surgical resectibility and survival in patients with stage ⅢA non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods 42 patients with stage ⅢA NSCLC were randomized...Ojbective To assess the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on surgical resectibility and survival in patients with stage ⅢA non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods 42 patients with stage ⅢA NSCLC were randomized to receive either two cycles chemotherapy followed by surgery(neoadjuvant chemotherapy group)or surgery alone(surgery alone group).All patients received four cycles chemotherapy after surgery.Results The overall response to chemotherapy was 42.9%(38.1% partial response and 4.8% complete response).Toxicity of chemotherapy was minor and consisted mainly of gastroenterological side effects and myelosuppression.Patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy had estimated surgical resection rate of 95.2%(n=20)and a complete resection rate in 52.4%(n=11) compared to 66.7%(n=14)and 28.6%(n=6)respectively,for patients with surgery alone(P<0.05).None of the patients died from the operation.The median survival was 24.6 months in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group as compared to only 10.8 months in the surgery alone group(P<0.05).The 2-year survival rate was 57.1% in the chemotherapy group as compared to 28.6% in the surgery alone group(P<0.05).Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves the surgical resectibility and increases the median survival and 2-year survival rate of patients with stage ⅢA NSCLC.展开更多
By electroless chemical deposition process, a layer of metal cobalt film was coated on the surface of nano-ceramic powders of A12O3 and TiC. The mixture of the two kinds of Co-coated power (about 70wt.% Al2O3-Co+30wt....By electroless chemical deposition process, a layer of metal cobalt film was coated on the surface of nano-ceramic powders of A12O3 and TiC. The mixture of the two kinds of Co-coated power (about 70wt.% Al2O3-Co+30wt.%TiC-Co) was hot-pressed into ATC (A12O3—TiC—Co8wt%) cermet samples. The wear test was carried out under dry sliding wear condition by the pin-on-disk rig. The volume-loss of the samples in three sliding pairs, ATC/Steel, ATC/SiC and ATC/artificial diamond (AD) were investigated. The wear morphologies were examined by SEM. The wear-resistance between ATC cermet and Co-cemented WC were compared. The results show that the effect of fracture toughness is better than that of hardness to the wear resistance of high hardness materials. The wear mechanisms of ATC cermet samples were found that abrasion predominated in the wear process. The wear surface of ATC cermet samples became smoother with fine asperities spalling off and the volume loss was decreased.展开更多
A new kind of SiOx film on Al substrate,prepared by Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (APCVD) is reported in this paper. It is proposed that the SiOx particles as products of SiH4 and O2 reaction deposited on...A new kind of SiOx film on Al substrate,prepared by Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (APCVD) is reported in this paper. It is proposed that the SiOx particles as products of SiH4 and O2 reaction deposited on the heated Al surface, followed by close packing and further growth to form the thin film. The morphology, composition and microstructure of the film are characterized by SEM, XPS, XRD and HRTEM. The results show that the SiO, film comprises a majority of uncrystalline structure with a fraction of dispersed ordered zones and the atomic ratio of Si/O in the film is 1:1.60-1:1.75. The tests show that the film is well-bonded with the substrate.展开更多
文摘The exploration conducted in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China has demonstrated that the abundant petroleum resources have close affinities to the hydrocarbon kitchen with rich organic matter. A number of oil-generating associations with various characteristics of organic geochemistry and assemblages of multiple reservoir facies are developed due to the multi-center sedimentation, multi-source supply and multi-cycle evolution of filling, which have resulted in the formation of multiple oil and gas accumulation zones of various layers and trap styles. Among them the Paleogene Shahejie Formation is the most important hydrocarbon accumulation combination in the Dongying sag. Heretofore, its proved reserve has reached nearly 1.8×109t, which accounts for more than 90% of the total proved reserves of the Dongying sag. Based on previous studies, more than 600 source rock samples and 186 crude oil samples of the Shahejie Formation, collected from 30 oilfields, have been treated with organic geochemical testing. By combining the sedimentary sequence characteristics and geochemical analysis results, the source rocks of the Shahejie Formation can be divided into three genetic types, i.e. the saline lake facies (the upper ES4, brackish water deep lake facies (the lower ES3) and fresh-water lake facies (the middle ES3), which correspond to the under-filling, balanced-filling and over-filling lake types respectively and represent the three most essential genetic models for source rocks of non-marine fault basins in China. Based on a thorough oil-source correlation, the source rocks of the saline lake and brackish deep lake facies are determined to be the most contributive source rocks in the Dongying sag. Furthermore, by probing into the accumulation of organic matter and hydrocarbon migration pattern, it can be inferred that the hydrocarbons, generated from source rocks of the saline lake facies with relatively low maturity, have mainly accumulated in the uplifted parts of the basin's margin via lateral migration and the reservoirs are dominated by the buried hill and stratigraphic types, while hydrocarbons generated from source rocks of the brackish lake facies are mainly distributed in the basin's center via vertical migration and characterized by forming lithologic reservoirs. Also, the reservoirs located in the transitional belts have complex types and mostly controlled by faults, characterized by block (structural-lithologic) reservoirs, and the crude oils mainly come from source beds of Es31 and Es42 respectively.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.59905011, 60275041).
文摘Vibration acceleration signals are often measured from case surface of arunning machine to monitor its condition. If the measured vibration signals display to have periodicimpulse components with a certain frequency, there may exist a corresponding local fault in themachine, and if further extracting the periodic impulse components from the vibration signals, theseverity of the local fault can be estimated and tracked. However, the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs)of the vibration acceleration signals are often so small that the periodic impulse components aresubmersed in much background noises and other components, and it is difficult or inconvenient for usto detect and extract the periodic impulse components with the current common analyzing methods forvibration signals. Therefore, another technique, called singular value decomposition (SVD), istried to be introduced to solve the problem. First, the principle of detecting and extracting thesignal periodic components using singular value decomposition is summarized and discussed. Second,the infeasibility of the direct use of the existing SVD based detecting and extracting approach ispointed out. Third, the approach to construct the matrix for SVD from the signal series is improvedlargely, which is the key program to improve the SVD technique; Other associated improvement is alsoproposed. Finally, a simulating application example and a real-life application example ondetecting and extracting the periodic impulse components are given, which showed that the introducedand improved SVD technique is feasible.
基金funded by Projects under the Major State Basic Research Development Program(G1999012009).
文摘Eight hundred and thirty eight base pair fragment of mitochondrial COI gene of wild and cultured populations (CP1, CP4, CP5 and CP6) of Fenneropenaeus chinensis was amplified and sequenced. The A, T, G and C contents of the sequence were 235bp(28.0%), 307bp(36.6%), 138bp(16.5%) and 158bp(18.9%), respectively. Furthermore, 556bp fragment of the sequence was used to discuss the phylogenetic relationship among 14 Penaeidae species using Alpheus armillatus as the outgroup. From the molecular phylogenetic tree constructed by neighbor-joining method, we obtained three large shrimp groups:Farfantepenaeus, Litopenaeus and Fenneropenaeus group. The results also indicated that there were a closer genetic relationships between F. aztecus and F. paulensis, L. schmitti and L. setiferus, F. indicus and F. merguiensis, and the genus Farfantepenaeus was closer to Litopenaeus.
文摘In this article, I analyze theoretical trends, ethnographic fieldwork, and case studies in medical anthropology related to schistosomiasis control worldwide, highlighting useful examples for anthropologists and socio-behavioral scientists involved in schistosomiasis control in China. I begin by reviewing recent research developments and medical anthropological perspectives that have been applied in schistosomiasis control. Then, I dissect and examine three medical anthropological projects carried out in St. Lucia, Brazil, and Cameroon, with an emphasis on their methodology, fieldwork strategies, and theoretical implications for schistosomiasis control. I conclude that an integration of anthropology and related socio-behavioral sciences will consummate our broader understanding of schistosomiasis, and help to build community-centered, sustainable control of schistosomiasis.
文摘Ojbective To assess the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on surgical resectibility and survival in patients with stage ⅢA non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods 42 patients with stage ⅢA NSCLC were randomized to receive either two cycles chemotherapy followed by surgery(neoadjuvant chemotherapy group)or surgery alone(surgery alone group).All patients received four cycles chemotherapy after surgery.Results The overall response to chemotherapy was 42.9%(38.1% partial response and 4.8% complete response).Toxicity of chemotherapy was minor and consisted mainly of gastroenterological side effects and myelosuppression.Patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy had estimated surgical resection rate of 95.2%(n=20)and a complete resection rate in 52.4%(n=11) compared to 66.7%(n=14)and 28.6%(n=6)respectively,for patients with surgery alone(P<0.05).None of the patients died from the operation.The median survival was 24.6 months in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group as compared to only 10.8 months in the surgery alone group(P<0.05).The 2-year survival rate was 57.1% in the chemotherapy group as compared to 28.6% in the surgery alone group(P<0.05).Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves the surgical resectibility and increases the median survival and 2-year survival rate of patients with stage ⅢA NSCLC.
基金Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China(2002AA332100)the State Key Lab of Fluid Power Transmission and Control for the financial support to this project.
文摘By electroless chemical deposition process, a layer of metal cobalt film was coated on the surface of nano-ceramic powders of A12O3 and TiC. The mixture of the two kinds of Co-coated power (about 70wt.% Al2O3-Co+30wt.%TiC-Co) was hot-pressed into ATC (A12O3—TiC—Co8wt%) cermet samples. The wear test was carried out under dry sliding wear condition by the pin-on-disk rig. The volume-loss of the samples in three sliding pairs, ATC/Steel, ATC/SiC and ATC/artificial diamond (AD) were investigated. The wear morphologies were examined by SEM. The wear-resistance between ATC cermet and Co-cemented WC were compared. The results show that the effect of fracture toughness is better than that of hardness to the wear resistance of high hardness materials. The wear mechanisms of ATC cermet samples were found that abrasion predominated in the wear process. The wear surface of ATC cermet samples became smoother with fine asperities spalling off and the volume loss was decreased.
基金the Nationa1 Science Foundation of China for financial support(contract no.50271065)to this project
文摘A new kind of SiOx film on Al substrate,prepared by Ambient Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition (APCVD) is reported in this paper. It is proposed that the SiOx particles as products of SiH4 and O2 reaction deposited on the heated Al surface, followed by close packing and further growth to form the thin film. The morphology, composition and microstructure of the film are characterized by SEM, XPS, XRD and HRTEM. The results show that the SiO, film comprises a majority of uncrystalline structure with a fraction of dispersed ordered zones and the atomic ratio of Si/O in the film is 1:1.60-1:1.75. The tests show that the film is well-bonded with the substrate.
