Analysis of clinical characteristics of leptomeningeal metastasis with band-like high signal in the brainstem

Objective:The aim was to analyse the clinical features of leptomeningeal metastasis with banded high signal in the brainstem.Methods:In this paper,we report two cases of lung adenocarcinoma with soft meningeal metastasis,collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College,and searched the databases of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,Web of Science,and other databases which reported the MRI manifestation of"brainstem bandlike high signal",and collected the patients'past medical history,symptoms,signs,genetic findings,cerebrospinal fluid manifestation,treatment,and prognosis.Result:A total of 28 patients were included,of whom 26 had a history of lung adenocarcinoma and 2 were found to have occupational changes in the lungs.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed a band-like high signal in the ventral part of the brainstem on T2-FLAIR,symmetrical on both sides,which could extend to the cerebellar peduncles,with high signals on diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI),low signals on apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC),and long T1 signals on T1-weighted imaging,long T2 signals on T2 weighted imaging,and no long T2 signals on enhancement scan.T1-weighted imaging was a long T1 signal,T2-weighted imaging was a long T2 signal,and no enhancement was seen on enhanced scanning.Conclusion:It is important to recognize leptomeningeal metastasis of lung cancer,and the non-enhancing band of high signal in the brainstem on T2-FLAIR and DWI is likely to be the characteristic manifestation of leptomeningeal metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Clinical characteristics of patients with early-and late-onset optic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease

Objective:To analyze the different clinical features of patients with early-onset(EO-NMOSDs)and late-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases(LO-NMOSDs).Methods:A total of 51patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease who were diagnosed in our hospital for the first time from January 2015 to December 2022 were included in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College and divided into 22 cases in the EO-NMOSDs group and 29 cases in the LO-NMOSDs group according to whether the age of onset was 50 years old.The basic data,Extended Disability Status Scale(EDSS)score,blood and cerebrospinal fluid test indicators of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results:There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics,clinical features and serum AQP-4 antibody positivity rate between the two groups(all P>0.05),and there were significant differences in triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),apolipoprotein A(APOA),apolipoprotein B(APOB)and lipoprotein a(P=0.010,P=0.048,P=0.014,P=0.061,P=0.001,respectively),and cerebrospinal fluid LDH,There were significant differences between microprotein quantification and EDSS score(P=0.018,P=0.034,P=0.025,respectively),and the level of microprotein quantification in cerebrospinal fluid of LO-NMOSDs had a certain correlation with the degree of disability(r=0.52,P<0.03).Conclusion:LO-NMOSDs and EO-NMOSDs group patients have similar demographic characteristics,serum AQP-4 antibody positive rate and clinical features,but compared with EO-NMOSDs,patients in LO-NMOSDs group are prone to abnormal lipid metabolism,higher trace proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and more likely to be disabled,and among LO-NMOSDs,the higher the trace protein in the cerebrospinal fluid,the more severe the disability status of patients.

甲壳类水产食物致敏原及其分子结构的研究进展

甲壳类水产品是亚洲地区最主要的致敏食物。食物过敏主要由摄入的食品致敏原引起,而食物致敏原的结构不仅与抗原表位的形成有关,也决定了其在食品加工和体内消化过程的稳定性。本文针对甲壳类水产品,首先阐述了甲壳类水产食物过敏及致敏原的研究进展;进一步对甲壳类水产食物致敏原的分子结构及其与致敏性的构效关系展开论述,并基于此提出了致敏原脱敏策略。目前已鉴定的甲壳类水产食物致敏原大部分属于肌动蛋白结合蛋白、磷酸原激酶和EF手型钙离子结合蛋白3个家族。针对不同蛋白质家族致敏原的结构特点,通过食品加工技术消减致敏性或利用分子生物学手段获得低致敏性衍生物都是防控食物过敏的重要途径。但甲壳类水产食物致敏原的结构信息有待完善,其与致敏性的构效关系也仍是未来致敏原研究的重要方向。本文综合阐述了甲壳类水产食物致敏原结构特性及其与致敏性的构效关系,以期为甲壳类水产食物致敏原的系统研究和食品脱敏方法的建立提供思路。

早发型与晚发型视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者的临床特点分析

目的:分析早发型(EO-NMOSDs)与晚发型视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者(LO-NMOSDs)不同的临床特征。方法:纳入2015年1月至2022年12月海南医学院第一附属医院收治的51例首次在我院确诊的视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者,根据发病年龄是否≥50岁分为EO-NMOSDs组22例和LO-NMOSDs组29例。统计分析两组患者的基本资料、扩展残疾状态量表(EDSS)评分、血和脑脊液化验指标。结果:两组间在人口学特征、临床特征及血清AQP-4抗体阳性率方面均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),在甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B和脂蛋白a上有统计学差异(分别为P=0.010、P=0.048、P=0.014、P=0.061、P=0.001),以及脑脊液乳酸脱氢酶、微量蛋白定量和EDSS评分有统计学差异(分别为P=0.018、P=0.034、P=0.025),其中LO-NMOSDs脑脊液微量蛋白定量的水平与患者残疾程度有一定的相关性(r=0.52,P<0.03)。结论:LO-NMOSDs与EO-NMOSDs组患者具有相似的人口统计学特征、血清AQP-4抗体阳性率及临床特征,但与EO-NMOSDs相比,LO-NMOSDs组患者易患有脂质代谢异常,脑脊液中有较高的微量蛋白以及更易致残,并且在LO-NMOSDs中,脑脊液微量蛋白越高,患者的致残状况越重。

玉林市体检人群非酒精性脂肪肝相关危险因素研究

目的探讨玉林市体检人群非酒精性脂肪肝现况及相关的危险因素。方法一次性选取玉林市某区2014年1月至2016年1月体检人群,排除体检资料不全者,最终纳入12 500例作为观察对象。以肝脏彩超结果将所有观察对象分为非酒精性脂肪肝组和对照组,收集两组人群的临床资料并进行统计学分析。结果 12 500例体检人群中共检出脂肪肝3 295例,总体检出率为26.36%,其中男性占77.88%,女性占22.12%;两组间比较显示,非酒精性脂肪肝组与对照组在甘油三酯、胆固醇、转氨酶、空腹血糖、体质指数等指标方面比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,甘油三酯、胆固醇、空腹血糖、BMI指数、低密度脂蛋白是非酒精性脂肪肝发病的相关危险因素(P<0.05),而高密度脂蛋白则为保护性因素(P<0.05)。非酒精性脂肪肝组血脂紊乱类型以混合型为主,对照组以高胆固醇血症为主。结论玉林市体检人群的脂肪肝检出率高于广西体检人群水平,其发病率与血脂、转氨酶、BMI指数等多种因素相关。

基于BF592的摄像直读无线远传抄表装置的设计

针对传统机械水表实现远程抄表改造复杂,且现有的脉冲计数容易受到干扰、可靠性低等缺点,提出了基于信号处理器ADSP-BF592的摄像直读远传抄表系统的设计。通过摄像模块OV9650对表盘进行摄像,利用BF592对图像帧进行截取和压缩操作,最终获取低于1K字节大小的灰度图。考虑到BF592硬件处理能力有限,把图像上传给服务器,在服务器端实现水表表盘图像识别。实际通过对系统测试表明,组网简单、改装容易、抄表成功率大大提高,系统运行稳定。