The turbine blades of aircrafts must be properly cooled to prevent engine failure.Thus,to investigate the influence of the tip structure on the film cooling effect,pressure-sensitive paint test technology was used to ...The turbine blades of aircrafts must be properly cooled to prevent engine failure.Thus,to investigate the influence of the tip structure on the film cooling effect,pressure-sensitive paint test technology was used to determine the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness in this study.The experiment was completed in a cascade comprising three straight blades.The effects of the blowing ratio,density ratio,tip clearance,and tip structure on film cooling efficiency were analyzed.The experimental results demonstrated that,as the blowing ratio increased,the film coverage area and film cooling efficiency increased under most experimental conditions.However,the film cooling efficiency was found to initially increase,and subsequently decrease,as the blowing ratio increased.The respective influences of the density ratio and tip clearance on the film cooling efficiency were found to be significant.The density ratio experiments revealed that a high-density ratio can result in better film coverage than the low-density-ratio air.The tip clearance experimental results indicated that a small tip clearance promotes an increase in film cooling efficiency;this is because the small tip clearance negatively affects the main stream leakage flow,which can reduce the film coverage area.Under the conditions of the Base case 2 configuration,a blowing ratio of 2.1,and a tip clearance of 0.6%h,the average film cooling efficiency of the blade tip was 0.22.Among the three blade tip structures applied in this study,Base case 2 demonstrated higher film cooling efficiency than the other two blade tip structures under the conditions of the same blowing ratio,tip clearance,and density ratio.展开更多
A surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method combined with multivariate analysis was developed for non-invasive gastric cancer detection. SERS measurements were performed on two groups of blood plasma samples: ...A surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method combined with multivariate analysis was developed for non-invasive gastric cancer detection. SERS measurements were performed on two groups of blood plasma samples: one group from 32 gastric patients and the other group from 33 healthy volunteers. Tentative assignments of the Raman bands in the measured SERS spectra suggest interesting cancer-specific biomolecular changes, including an increase in the relative amounts of nucleic acid, collagen, phospholipids and phenylalanine and a decrease in the percentage of amino acids and saccharide in the blood plasma of gastric cancer patients as compared with those of healthy subjects. Principal components analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were employed to develop effective diagnostic algorithms for classification of SERS spectra between normal and cancer plasma with high sensitivity (79.5%) and specificity (91%). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to assess the accuracy of diagnostic algorithms based on PCA-LDA. The results from this exploratory study demonstrate that SERS plasma analysis combined with PCA-LDA has tremendous potential for the non-invasive detection of gastric cancers.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51906008)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (YWF-21-BJ-J-822)the National Science and Technology Major Project (2017-Ⅲ-0003-0027)
文摘The turbine blades of aircrafts must be properly cooled to prevent engine failure.Thus,to investigate the influence of the tip structure on the film cooling effect,pressure-sensitive paint test technology was used to determine the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness in this study.The experiment was completed in a cascade comprising three straight blades.The effects of the blowing ratio,density ratio,tip clearance,and tip structure on film cooling efficiency were analyzed.The experimental results demonstrated that,as the blowing ratio increased,the film coverage area and film cooling efficiency increased under most experimental conditions.However,the film cooling efficiency was found to initially increase,and subsequently decrease,as the blowing ratio increased.The respective influences of the density ratio and tip clearance on the film cooling efficiency were found to be significant.The density ratio experiments revealed that a high-density ratio can result in better film coverage than the low-density-ratio air.The tip clearance experimental results indicated that a small tip clearance promotes an increase in film cooling efficiency;this is because the small tip clearance negatively affects the main stream leakage flow,which can reduce the film coverage area.Under the conditions of the Base case 2 configuration,a blowing ratio of 2.1,and a tip clearance of 0.6%h,the average film cooling efficiency of the blade tip was 0.22.Among the three blade tip structures applied in this study,Base case 2 demonstrated higher film cooling efficiency than the other two blade tip structures under the conditions of the same blowing ratio,tip clearance,and density ratio.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60778046 and 60910106016)the Project of Fujian Province (Grant Nos. 2009J01276 and 2008I0015)
文摘A surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method combined with multivariate analysis was developed for non-invasive gastric cancer detection. SERS measurements were performed on two groups of blood plasma samples: one group from 32 gastric patients and the other group from 33 healthy volunteers. Tentative assignments of the Raman bands in the measured SERS spectra suggest interesting cancer-specific biomolecular changes, including an increase in the relative amounts of nucleic acid, collagen, phospholipids and phenylalanine and a decrease in the percentage of amino acids and saccharide in the blood plasma of gastric cancer patients as compared with those of healthy subjects. Principal components analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were employed to develop effective diagnostic algorithms for classification of SERS spectra between normal and cancer plasma with high sensitivity (79.5%) and specificity (91%). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to assess the accuracy of diagnostic algorithms based on PCA-LDA. The results from this exploratory study demonstrate that SERS plasma analysis combined with PCA-LDA has tremendous potential for the non-invasive detection of gastric cancers.
