Comparative proteomics reveals the response and adaptation mechanisms of white Hypsizygus marmoreus against the biological stress caused by Penicillium

White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrients through rapid growth and produce a variety of harmful gases,such as benzene,aldehydes,phenols,etc.,to inhibit the growth of H.marmoreus mycelium.A series of changes occurred in H.marmoreus proteome after contamination when detected by the label-free tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)technique.Some proteins with up-regulated expression worked together to participate in some processes,such as the non-toxic transformation of harmful gases,glutathione metabolism,histone modification,nucleotide excision repair,clearing misfolded proteins,and synthesizing glutamine,which were mainly used in response to biological stress.The proteins with down-regulated expression are mainly related to the processes of ribosome function,protein processing,spliceosome,carbon metabolism,glycolysis,and gluconeogenesis.The reduction in the function of these proteins affected the production of the cell components,which might be an adjustment to adapt to growth retardation.This study further enhanced the understanding of the biological stress response and the growth restriction adaptation mechanisms in edible fungi.It also provided a theoretical basis for protein function exploration and edible mushroom food safety research.

Causal relationship between feelings and cognitive decline:An univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND While the impact of depression on cognition is well-documented,the relationship between feelings and cognition has received limited attention.AIM To explore the potential association between feelings and cognition with a twosample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.METHODS Our analysis utilized genome-wide association data on various feelings(fed-up feelings,n=453071;worrier/anxious feelings,n=450765;guilty feelings,n=45-0704;nervous feelings,n=450700;sensitivity/hurt feelings,n=449419;miserableness,n=454982;loneliness/isolation,n=455364;happiness,n=152348)in the European population and their impact on cognitive functions(intelligence,n=269867).Conducting a univariable MR(UVMR)analysis to assess the relationship between feelings and cognition.In this analysis,we applied the inverse variance weighting(IVW),weighted median,and MR Egger methods.Additionally,we performed sensitivity analysis(leave-one-out analysis),assessed heterogeneity(using MR-PRESSO and Cochran’s Q test),and conducted multiple validity test(employing MR-Egger regression).Subsequently,a multivariable MR(MVMR)analysis was employed to examine the impact of feelings on cognition.IVW served as the primary method in the multivariable analysis,complemented by median-based and MR-Egger methods.RESULTS In this study,UVMR indicated that sensitivity/hurt feelings may have a negative causal effect on cognition(OR=0.63,95%CI:0.43-0.92,P=0.017).After adjustment of other feelings using MVMR,a direct adverse causal effect on cognition was observed(OR_(MVMR)=0.39,95%CI:0.17-0.90,P_(MVMR)=0.027).While a potential increased risk of cognitive decline was observed for fed-up feelings in the UVMR analysis(ORUVMR=0.64,95%CI:0.42-0.97,PUVMR=0.037),this effect disappeared after adjusting for other feelings(OR_(MVMR)=1.42,95%CI:0.43-4.74,P_(MVMR)=0.569).These findings were generally consistent across MV-IVW,median-based,and MR-Egger analyses.MR-Egger regression revealed pleiotropy in the impact of worrier/anxious feelings on cognition,presenting a challenge in identifying the effect.Notably,this study did not demonstrate any significant impact of guilty feelings,nervous feelings,miserableness,or loneliness/isolation on cognition.Due to a limited number of instrumental variables for happiness,this study was unable to analyze the relationship between happiness and cognition.CONCLUSION This MR study finds that sensitivity/hurt feelings are associated with cognitive decline,while the link between worrier/anxious feelings and cognition remains inconclusive.Insufficient evidence supports direct associations between happiness,guilty feelings,nervous feelings,miserableness,loneliness/isolation,and cognition.

Acinous cell AR42J-derived exosome miR125b-5p promotes acute pancreatitis exacerbation by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

BACKGROUND The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis(AP), which is a pathophysiological process with complex etiology, is increasing globally. miR-125b-5p, a bidirectional regulatory miRNA, is speculated to exhibit anti-tumor activity. However,exosome-derived miR-125b-5p in AP has not been reported.AIM To elucidate the molecular mechanism of exosome-derived miR-125b-5p promoting AP exacerbation from the perspective of the interaction between immune cells and acinar cells.METHODS Exosomes derived from AR42J cells were isolated and extracted in active and inactive states by an exosome extraction kit, and were verified via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. RNA sequencing assay technology was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs in active and inactive AR42J cell lines, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict downstream target genes of miR-125b-5p. The expression level of miR-125b-5p and insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2) in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blots. The changes in the pancreatic inflammatory response in a rat AP model were detected by histopathological methods. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of IGF2, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins, and apoptosis and necrosis related proteins.RESULTS miR-125b-5p expression was upregulated in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue,while that of IGF2 was downregulated. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-125b-5p could promote the death of activated AR42J cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition,miR-125b-5p was found to act on macrophages to promote M1 type polarization and inhibit M2type polarization, resulting in a massive release of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Further research found that miR-125b-5p could inhibit the expression of IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, in vivo experiments revealed that miR-125b-5p can promote the progression of AP in a rat model.CONCLUSION miR-125b-5p acts on IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promotes M1 type polarization and inhibits M2 type polarization of macrophage by inhibiting IGF2 expression, resulting in a large release of pro-inflammatory factors and an inflammatory cascade amplification effect, thus aggravating AP.

烧结温度对石墨烯填充聚醚醚酮/聚四氟乙烯摩擦磨损性能的影响

为探究石墨烯填充聚醚醚酮/聚四氟乙烯(PEEK/PTFE)复合材料制备过程中烧结温度对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,基于分子动力学模拟研究方法,分别构建10%PEEK/PTFE和1%石墨烯/10%PEEK/PTFE体系模型,通过模拟复合材料制备过程中不同的烧结温度,得到复合材料对应的力学和摩擦学性能相关参数。在不同烧结温度制得10%PEEK/PTFE和1%石墨烯/10%PEEK/PTFE样品,进行了摩擦磨损试验及磨损形貌分析。结果表明,采用石墨烯填充PEEK/PTFE复合材料可以有效改善复合材料的摩擦磨损特性,不同烧结温度对复合材料分子间作用力、材料力学特性和摩擦特性表现出不同程度的影响,当烧结温度为360℃时,复合材料分子间作用力、材料力学特性和摩擦特性均达到峰值。

Study on Influencing Factors of Mental Health of Mobile Young White-Collar Workers in China

Mobile young white-collar workers not only have the characteristics of mobile young people,but also have the characteristics of general white-collar workers.Under the influence of both,their mental health may be suffering from“double disadvantage”.So,based on an ecological model of the stress process,this paper tries to use the data of the questionnaire on the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers in Zhejiang Province to explore the influence of some factors in the middle workplace and residence place on the mental health of micro individuals.The results show that:(1)The working environment with high control and low freedom and the workplace discrimination against the mobile status will have a negative impact on the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers;(2)Financial anxiety in daily life will lead to a decline in the mental health level of mobile young white-collar workers;(3)Good organizational support and neighborhood social relations can significantly relieve life pressure,so as to effectively improve the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers.It can be seen that we also need to pay more attention to the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers in order to improve their situation.

Co encapsulated N-doped carbon nanotubes as robust catalyst for valorization of levulinic acid in aqueous media

The construction of an acid resistant catalyst for synthesis of γ-valerolactone from levulinic acid in aqueous media is an important but highly challenging goal.Herein,an efficient Co@NCNT-800(after 800℃ pyrolysis) catalyst was constructed by confining Co in N-doped carbon nano-tubes(NCNT) from low cost materials by a facile strategy.Combined with the characterization results and control experiments,the in situ formed Co and Co-Ox, but not Co-Nx, proved to be the main synergistic active sites of the catalyst.It was also found that Co species are completely isolated within the bamboo-like NCNT,which could protect the metal nanoparticles from agglomeration and leaching in the strong acid reaction system.The γ-valerolactone yield of no less than 99.9% can be obtained under a relatively mild condition,and the catalytic performance has not been significantly reduced within five cycles.Therefore,this work may pave a way for the design of robust non-noble catalyst,and has potential for the production of γ-valerolactone from biomass in large-scale industries.

Lag of accommodation predicts clinically significant change of spherical equivalents after cycloplegia

AIM: To evaluate related factors with the change of spherical equivalents(ΔSE) and determine the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE(≥0.50 D) with cyclopentolate hydrochloride on Chinese children. METHODS: A total of 145 right eyes of 145 children aged 4 to 15 y were enrolled. Intraocular pressure, axial length and lag of accommodation(LOA) were assessed before cycloplegia induced by 3 drops of 1% cyclopentolate at 5-minute intervals. SE was measured before and 1 h after the first drop of cyclopentolate. ΔSE was compared between different gender groups and among refractive groups. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to find related factors with ΔSE. ROC analysis was used to figure out the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE.RESULTS: For the total 145 eyes, the mean SE reached up to-0.70±1.86 D from-1.30±1.62 D, with the mean ΔSE of 0.60±0.55 D. The mean ΔSE were 0.63±0.55 D and 0.57±0.56 D respectively in the male and female group(P=0.40). The mean ΔSE was significantly different among different refractive groups(P<0.0001), with the ΔSE of hyperopia group(1.12±0.64 D) larger than that of the emmetropia(0.56±0.43 D, P=0.001) and myopia group(0.32±0.28 D, P<0.0001). The ΔSE was correlated with LOA(B=-0.54, P<0.0001), cycloplegic SE(B=0.10, P<0.0001) and age(B=-0.04, P=0.015). ROC curve indicated that LOA predicted clinically significant ΔSE by 82% [area under the curve(AUC)=0.82] alone, while the value was slightly improved to 85%(AUC=0.85) in combination with axial length and 86%(AUC=0.86) in association with axial length as well as age.CONCLUSION: After cycloplegia with cyclopentolate, the ΔSE decreases with larger LOA, longer axial length and older age. Specifically, LOA plays a more vital role in predicting clinically significant ΔSE.

An innovative technique for recycling dissipated metal rhenium from the waste acid in copper smelting process

1.Objective Rhenium is a dissipated metal with the second highest melting point of 3180℃in periodic table.In the aerospace field,rhenium plays an indispensable role in the nickel superalloys for the production of aircraft engine and turbine engine.Since very few amount of rhenium resource is existed as independent ore deposit,most rhenium resource is distributed within the porphyry copper and molybdenite ores,consequently rhenium is often recovered as a by-product from the waste acid in copper smelting process.In this paper,an innovative technique with low cost,high recovery rate and non-pollution for recycling dissipated metal rhenium from the waste acid in copper smelting process is introduced(Zhang B et al.,2017;Liu HZ et al.,2018).

The Influence of Cabergoline and Coasting in Prevention of the Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in Patients Undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of two methods in preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) with cabergoline and coasting. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Patients: Women were considered as have risk of OHSS undergoing fertility treatment. Interventions: Cabergoline, coasting. Result: There were included five RCT studies. The clinical pregnancy rate was no significantly difference between two groups (RR 1.22, 95% CI [0.86, 1.71]), implantation rate (RR 1.00, 95% CI [0.75, 1.32]), severe OHSS (RR 0.93, 95% CI [0.38, 2.31]), fertilization rate (SMD 0.70, 95% CI [-0.10, 1.50]), number of oocytes retrieved (SMD 0.80, 95% CI [0.30, 1.30]), number of embryo transfer (SMD-0.04, 95% CI [-0.24, 0.17]), E2 value on the day of HCG injection (SMD 0.21, 95% CI [-0.25, 0.68]), number of MII oocytes (SMD 0.71, 95% CI [0.32, 1.11]), abortion rate (RR 0.61, 95% CI [0.21, 1.83]), number of follicles > 17 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.01, 95% CI [-0.26, 0.24]), number of follicles 15 - 17 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.08, 95% CI [-0.33, 0.17]), number of follicles 10 - 14 mm on day of HCG (SMD -0.06, 95% CI [-0.31, 0.19]). Conclusion: Both cabergoline and coasting prevent the occurrence of OHSS, but no statistically significant difference between them. Compared with coasting group, a daily dose of 0.5 mg cabergoline significantly increased the number of oocytes retrieved, MII oocytes, and fertilization rate, but decreased the abortion rate.

An Interactive Online Platform for Algorithms Teaching

Learning programming has become an important part of education.However,most students have extreme difficulty learning programming and complex algorithms.This is because programming has a hierarchical logic.Solving complex problems requires students to develop skills in decomposing problems.To this end,this paper describes an effective method to develop an online platform for teaching complex algorithms.

Expression and sub-cellular localization of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains are related to antioxidant enzymes in human ependymoma and oligodendroglioma

The current study investigated correlations between the expression of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domain 1 （LRIG1） and antioxidant enzymes and related proteins, including manganese superoxide dismutase, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic or regulatory subunit, thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase, in both human ependymoma and oligodendroglioma. Results revealed that the cytoplasmic expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit in the human ependymoma, while the nuclear expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of thioredoxin reductase. In human oligodendroglioma, the cytoplasmic expression of LRIG1 was associated with expression of the glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit. Both the nuclear and perinuclear expressions of LRIG1 were associated with expression of glutamate cysteine ligase regulatory subunit. These results indicated that several antioxidant enzymes and related proteins contributed to LRIG1 expression, and that these may participate in the antioxidation of the cells.

Decadal variation of thermocline-sea surface temperature feedback in the tropical Indian Ocean and the underlying mechanisms

The thermocline-sea surface temperature(SST)feedback is the most important component of the Bjerknes feedback,which plays an important role in the development of the air-sea coupling modes of the Indian Ocean.The thermocline-SST feedback in the Indian Ocean has experienced significant decadal variations over the last40 a.The feedback intensified in the late twentieth century and then weakened during the hiatus in global warming at the early twenty-first century.The thermocline-SST feedback is most prominent in the southeastern and southwestern Indian Ocean.Although the decadal variations of feedback are similar in these two regions,there are still differences in the underlying mechanisms.The decadal variations of feedback in the southeastern Indian Ocean are dominated by variations in the depth of the thermocline,which are modulated by equatorial zonal wind anomalies.Whereas the decadal variation of feedback in the southwestern Indian Ocean is mainly controlled by the intensity of upwelling and thermocline depth in winter and spring,respectively.The upwelling and thermocline depth are both affected by wind stress curl anomalies over the southeastern Indian Ocean,which excite anomalous Ekman pumping and influence the southwestern Indian Ocean through westward propagating Rossby waves.

Cell cycle regulation through primary cilium:A long-forgotten story

Protruded from cytomembrane,primary cilium is a widespread cell organelle that can be found in almost all cell types in Mammalia.Because of its comprehensive requirement in various cellular activities and various functions in different organs,primary cilium has been a valuable research area of human pathology research since the turn of the millennium.And the potential application of the interaction between primary cilia and cell cycle regulation may be the most promising direction as many primary cilium-caused diseases are found to be caused by cell cycle dysregulation resulted from primary cilia defects.Therefore,a deep understanding of the interaction between primary cilia and the cell cycle is in great need.Hence in this review,we mainly described how the interaction between primary cilia and cell cycle proceeds and demonstrated three hypotheses raised from much different research.These hypotheses include(1)Primary cilium as a cellular signaling hub to regulate the cell cycle,(2)Primary cilium as a reservoir of cell cycle regulation-related factors,and(3)Primary cilium as a cell cycle checkpoint or a brake.Nonetheless,we also call for more attention on research of interaction between cell cycle and primary cilia and tried to point out some possible research directions for those who are interested.

High-fidelity resonant tunneling passage in three-waveguide system

An N-stage three-waveguide system is proposed to improve the robustness and the fidelity of the resonant tunneling passage.The analytic solutions to the tunneling dynamics at the output are derived.When the number of subsystems increases,tunneling efficiency approaches to 100%in a large range and resonant tunneling is robust against variations in the phase mismatch and peak tunneling rate.

Image Correction Method of Color Line-Scan System

As the development of machine vision technology, the color line-scan system is widely applied in the on-line inspection. Due to the non-uniform gray scale and color distortion of the image acquired by the system, the image correction is needed to reduce the problem of image processing and the stability system. Based on reasons mentioned above, a method that using polynomial fitting to correct the image is presented to solve the problem in this paper. The method has been used in the automatic optical inspection of PCB, and has been proved to be effective. So this method will have a potential application to the development of the color line-scan machine vision system.

A Study on the Relationship between the Orbital Lifetime and Inclination of Low Lunar Satellites

A detailed theoretical analysis on the orbital lifetime and orbital inclination of a Low Moon-Orbiting satellite （LMOs） and the ‘stable areas＇ of long orbital lifetime are given. Numerical simulations under the real force model were carried out, which not only validate the theoretical analysis and also give some valuable results for the orbit design of the LMOs.

南极磷虾油氧化稳定性及调控方法研究进展

南极磷虾油富含高生物利用度的磷脂型二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸,是优质的ω-3脂肪酸来源,具备成为鱼油替代品的潜力,而氧化变质制约了其精深加工及实现健康功效。本文回顾油脂氧化的发生机制,综述影响磷虾油氧化稳定性的内源性和外源性因素,包括脂肪酸组成、脂质组成、内源性抗氧化物质(虾青素和生育酚)、温度、氧气、光照等,以及调控方法,包括添加抗氧化剂、微囊化等。通过对影响磷虾油氧化稳定性因素的总结,可为磷虾油资源的高值化利用及磷脂氧化稳定性调控的深入研究提供理论参考。

近视防控门诊7~14岁儿童干眼的患病率及危险因素分析

目的:分析近视防控门诊7~14岁儿童干眼的患病率及其危险因素。方法:纳入2021-12/2022-02就诊于天津医科大学眼科医院近视防控门诊的7~14岁儿童222例,收集纳入儿童的一般资料,通过眼表疾病指数(OSDI)量表和Keratograph 5M非侵入性眼表综合分析仪评估纳入儿童干眼患病率,并采用Logistic回归模型分析干眼发生的危险因素。结果:近视防控门诊儿童干眼的患病率为27.9%。Logistic回归分析显示,过敏性结膜炎(OR=2.31,95%CI=1.12~4.78,P=0.02)、屈光不正(OR=5.57,95%CI=2.40~12.94,P<0.01)、每天使用电子产品总时间>2h(OR=2.74,95%CI=1.11~6.78,P=0.03)、每天使用电子产品打游戏时间>2h(OR=2.33,95%CI=1.12~4.84,P=0.02)、每天户外活动时间≤2h(OR=4.28,95%CI=2.02~9.07,P<0.01)、每天睡眠时间<8h(OR=3.23,95%CI=1.44~7.27,P=0.01)均是儿童干眼发生的危险因素。结论:近视防控门诊儿童干眼的患病率较高,应得到关注与重视,可通过改善行为习惯、控制视频终端电子产品使用时间等措施预防及减缓儿童干眼的发生。

第二版国际近视研究学会近视防控白皮书解读

全球近视率居高不下,儿童青少年近视发病率不断攀升。近视进展会影响个人视力、视力相关生活质量和生产力,高度近视及其相关眼部并发症亦会加剧家庭和社会负担。因此,针对近视的机制、相关并发症与防控方法亟需进一步探究。国际近视研究学会(IMI)于2021-04发布了第二版近视防控白皮书,内容包括近视临床实践反思、近视的影响、近视的危险因素、近视进展过程中的调节与双眼视觉、病理性近视、近视防控及年度汇编。第二版白皮书在第一版白皮书的基础上增加了对上千篇文章和重要的会议摘要的研究,突出了近视防控相关的最新研究和进展。本文对上述第二版近视防控白皮书的内容进行简要汇总和解读,包括近视概述、近视影响、危险因素、近视进展过程中的调节与眼结构改变以及近视防控,以期对近视防控的临床和科研工作有所帮助。

Biological Tissue-Inspired Ultrasoft,Ultrathin,and Mechanically Enhanced Microfiber Composite Hydrogel for Flexible Bioelectronics

Hydrogels offer tissue-like softness,stretchability,fracture toughness,ionic conductivity,and compatibility with biological tissues,which make them promising candidates for fabricating flexible bioelectronics.A soft hydrogel film offers an ideal interface to directly bridge thin-film electronics with the soft tissues.However,it remains difficult to fabricate a soft hydrogel film with an ultrathin configuration and excellent mechanical strength.Here we report a biological tissue-inspired ultrasoft microfiber composite ultrathin(<5μm)hydrogel film,which is currently the thinnest hydrogel film as far as we know.The embedded microfibers endow the composite hydrogel with prominent mechanical strength(tensile stress~6 MPa)and anti-tearing property.Moreover,our microfiber composite hydrogel offers the capability of tunable mechanical properties in a broad range,allowing for matching the modulus of most biological tissues and organs.The incorporation of glycerol and salt ions imparts the microfiber composite hydrogel with high ionic conductivity and prominent anti-dehydration behavior.Such microfiber composite hydrogels are promising for constructing attaching-type flexible bioelectronics to monitor biosignals.