为了提高β-胡萝卜素的稳定性和生物利用率,充分利用双蛋白的营养和功能特性优势,以罗非鱼分离蛋白(tilapia protein isolate,TPI)和乳清分离蛋白(whey protein isolate,WPI)混合液作为乳化剂,通过高压均质结合热处理制备负载β-胡萝卜...为了提高β-胡萝卜素的稳定性和生物利用率,充分利用双蛋白的营养和功能特性优势,以罗非鱼分离蛋白(tilapia protein isolate,TPI)和乳清分离蛋白(whey protein isolate,WPI)混合液作为乳化剂,通过高压均质结合热处理制备负载β-胡萝卜素的TPI-WPI复合乳液,探讨两种蛋白的质量比(2∶1、1∶1、1∶2)对乳液稳定性、抗氧化活性及体外消化特性的影响。结果表明,与单一的TPI和WPI乳液比较,TPI-WPI复合蛋白乳液的稳定性及β-胡萝卜素的生物利用率提高。当TPI与WPI质量比为1∶2时,复合蛋白乳液初始粒径为259.18 nm,zeta电位绝对值为28.23 m V,乳液的稳定性好,4℃贮藏21 d不分层;当TPI与WPI质量比为2∶1时,复合蛋白乳液贮藏21 d后β-胡萝卜素保留率达到62.36%,DPPH自由基和ABTS+自由基清除率分别为54.83%和40.11%,经体外消化后,β-胡萝卜素的生物利用率达24.76%,乳液游离脂肪酸释放率高。因此,WPI的添加可以提高复合蛋白乳液的稳定性,而TPI的添加可以提高乳液负载β-胡萝卜素的稳定性和生物利用率。研究结果可为混合蛋白构建稳定的乳液体系及活性成分的递送提供参考。展开更多
The complex three-dimensional turbulent flows around a cylinder array with four cylinders in an in-line square configuration at a subcritical Reynolds number of 1.5 × 10^4 with the spacing ratio at L/D = 1.5 and ...The complex three-dimensional turbulent flows around a cylinder array with four cylinders in an in-line square configuration at a subcritical Reynolds number of 1.5 × 10^4 with the spacing ratio at L/D = 1.5 and 3.5 were investigated using the Large Eddy Simulation （LES）. The full field vorticity and velocity distributions as well as turbulent quantities were calculated in detail and the near wake structures were presented. The results show that the bi-stable flow nature was observed at L/D = 1.5 and distinct vortex shedding of the upstream cylinders occurred at L/D = 3.5 at Re = 1.5 × 10^4. The techniques of Laser Doppler Anemometry （LDA） and Digital Particle Image Velocimetry （DPIV） are also employed to validate the present LES method. The results show that the numerical predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements. Therefore, the full field instantaneous and mean quantities of the flow field, velocity field and vorticity field can be extracted from the LES results for further study of the complex flow characteristics.展开更多
文摘为了提高β-胡萝卜素的稳定性和生物利用率,充分利用双蛋白的营养和功能特性优势,以罗非鱼分离蛋白(tilapia protein isolate,TPI)和乳清分离蛋白(whey protein isolate,WPI)混合液作为乳化剂,通过高压均质结合热处理制备负载β-胡萝卜素的TPI-WPI复合乳液,探讨两种蛋白的质量比(2∶1、1∶1、1∶2)对乳液稳定性、抗氧化活性及体外消化特性的影响。结果表明,与单一的TPI和WPI乳液比较,TPI-WPI复合蛋白乳液的稳定性及β-胡萝卜素的生物利用率提高。当TPI与WPI质量比为1∶2时,复合蛋白乳液初始粒径为259.18 nm,zeta电位绝对值为28.23 m V,乳液的稳定性好,4℃贮藏21 d不分层;当TPI与WPI质量比为2∶1时,复合蛋白乳液贮藏21 d后β-胡萝卜素保留率达到62.36%,DPPH自由基和ABTS+自由基清除率分别为54.83%和40.11%,经体外消化后,β-胡萝卜素的生物利用率达24.76%,乳液游离脂肪酸释放率高。因此,WPI的添加可以提高复合蛋白乳液的稳定性,而TPI的添加可以提高乳液负载β-胡萝卜素的稳定性和生物利用率。研究结果可为混合蛋白构建稳定的乳液体系及活性成分的递送提供参考。
基金the Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Grant No. PolyU5299/03E)the Research Program of the Wuhan University of Technology, China(Grant No. 471-38650324)
文摘The complex three-dimensional turbulent flows around a cylinder array with four cylinders in an in-line square configuration at a subcritical Reynolds number of 1.5 × 10^4 with the spacing ratio at L/D = 1.5 and 3.5 were investigated using the Large Eddy Simulation （LES）. The full field vorticity and velocity distributions as well as turbulent quantities were calculated in detail and the near wake structures were presented. The results show that the bi-stable flow nature was observed at L/D = 1.5 and distinct vortex shedding of the upstream cylinders occurred at L/D = 3.5 at Re = 1.5 × 10^4. The techniques of Laser Doppler Anemometry （LDA） and Digital Particle Image Velocimetry （DPIV） are also employed to validate the present LES method. The results show that the numerical predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental measurements. Therefore, the full field instantaneous and mean quantities of the flow field, velocity field and vorticity field can be extracted from the LES results for further study of the complex flow characteristics.
