A real-time ion spectrometer mainly based on a high-resolution Thomson parabola and a plastic scintillator is designed and developed.The spectrometer is calibrated by protons from an electrostatic accelerator.The feas...A real-time ion spectrometer mainly based on a high-resolution Thomson parabola and a plastic scintillator is designed and developed.The spectrometer is calibrated by protons from an electrostatic accelerator.The feasibility and reliability of the diagnostics are demonstrated in laser-driven ion acceleration experiments performed on the XL-II laser facility.The proton spectrum extrapolated from the scintillator data is in excellent agreement with the CR39 spectrum in terms of beam temperature and the cutoff energy.This real-time spectrometer allows an online measurement of the ion spectra in single shot,which enables efficient and statistical studies and applications in high-repetition-rate laser acceleration experiments.展开更多
慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)是由各种原因导致的肾脏结构和(或)功能异常所致的慢性进展性疾病。流行病学研究发现,CKD患者易出现骨质疏松及血管钙化,由此导致的骨折和心血管系统并发症影响患者的预后[1]。CKD患者广泛存在...慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)是由各种原因导致的肾脏结构和(或)功能异常所致的慢性进展性疾病。流行病学研究发现,CKD患者易出现骨质疏松及血管钙化,由此导致的骨折和心血管系统并发症影响患者的预后[1]。CKD患者广泛存在的血管钙化既是心血管疾病发生的病理基础,也是心血管事件发生率和病死率高的重要原因[2]。2005年美国肾脏病基金会(KDIGO)将CKD患者出现的矿物质代谢紊乱及其所致的骨与血管异常的临床综合征定义为慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)[3]。展开更多
Background Data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Chinese non-dialysis chronic kidney disease （CKD） patients are limited.The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and co...Background Data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Chinese non-dialysis chronic kidney disease （CKD） patients are limited.The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in the non-dialysis CKD patients through a nationwide,multicenter study in China.Methods The survey was performed in 61 tertiary hospitals in 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions in China （except Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan）.Trained physicians collected demographic and clinical data and measured blood pressure （BP） using a standardized protocol.Hypertension was defned as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg,and/or use of antihypertensive medications.BP 〈140/90 mmHg and 〈130/80 mmHg were used as the 2 thresholds of hypertension control.In multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for sex and age,we analyzed the association between CKD stages and uncontrolled hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients.Results The analysis included 8927 non-dialysis CKD patients.The prevalence,awareness,and treatment of hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients were 67.3%,85.8%,and 81.0%,respectively.Of hypertensive CKD patients,33.1% and 14.1% had controlled BP to 〈140/90 mmHg and 〈130/80 mmHg,respectively.With successive CKD stages,the prevalence of hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients increased,but the control of hypertension decreased （P〈0.001）.When the threshold of BP 〈130/80 mmHg was considered,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension in CKD 2,3a,3b,4,and 5 stages increased 1.3,1.4,1.4,2.5,and 4.0 times compared with CKD 1 stage,respectively （P〈0.05）.Using the threshold of 〈140/90 mmHg,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased in advanced stages （P〈0.05）.Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension Chinese non-dialysis CKD patients was high,and the hypertension control was suboptimal.With successive CKD stages,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased.展开更多
Background Integrin-linked kinase （ILK） dysregulation is involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy （DN）. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker （ARB）, i...Background Integrin-linked kinase （ILK） dysregulation is involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy （DN）. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker （ARB）, irbesartan, on ILK expression and podocyte injury in DN.展开更多
Together with an increasingly aging world population there is also an increasing prevalence of atherosclerosis. Renal artery stenosis （RAS） is one of the systemic manifestations of atherosclerosis. Its incidence is ...Together with an increasingly aging world population there is also an increasing prevalence of atherosclerosis. Renal artery stenosis （RAS） is one of the systemic manifestations of atherosclerosis. Its incidence is about 15%-35%. RAS accounts for 5%-27% of all patients with end-stage renal disease （ESRD）. Patients with renal dysfunction resulting from RAS are at risk of death from cardiovascular disease and ESRD.展开更多
Background The non-hemodynamic effects of angiotensin receptor blocker （ARB） in the delay of progression of chronic kidney disease （CKD） remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of irbesartan o...Background The non-hemodynamic effects of angiotensin receptor blocker （ARB） in the delay of progression of chronic kidney disease （CKD） remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of irbesartan on the urinary excretion of cytokines in patients with CKD. Methods In this randomized perspective clinical trial, different doses of irbesartan （150 mg/d and 300 mg/d） were given to two groups of patients in a cross-over design. Blood pressure （BP）, creatinine clearance （Ccr） and 24-hour proteinuria were examined. Urinary excretion of cytokines was determined by human inflammatory cytokine antibody array. A two-fold change in spot intensity was considered significant. Results Urinary excretion of cytokines （granulocyte colony stimulating factor （GCSF）, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1）, interferon y （IFN-y）, interleukin 1β （IL-1β）, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, IL-15 and macrophage inflammatory protein 1δ （MIP-Iδ） in group B （irbesartan 300 mg/d） was significantly decreased in comparison to group A （irbesartan 150 mg/d） after 8-week treatment. In group A, 8 weeks of treatment induced a two- to nine-fold reduction in urinary cytokine levels （GCSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-11, IL-12p40, MCP-2, MIP-1α）, while increasing the dosage to 300 mg/d further decreased the excretion of GCSF, GM-CSF, IL-12p40, MCP-2 and MIP-1α by week 18. There was no significant difference in BP or Ccr between the two groups. However, 24-hour proteinuria was significantly reduced in both groups, and in group A the reduction was dose dependent.Conclusion Irbesartan offers additional renoprotection in a dose-dependent manner by reducing pro-inflammatory cvtokines excretion in the urine of CKD patients.展开更多
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10905092(Young Scientists Fund),10925421,10974250,and 10935002the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2007CB815102the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘A real-time ion spectrometer mainly based on a high-resolution Thomson parabola and a plastic scintillator is designed and developed.The spectrometer is calibrated by protons from an electrostatic accelerator.The feasibility and reliability of the diagnostics are demonstrated in laser-driven ion acceleration experiments performed on the XL-II laser facility.The proton spectrum extrapolated from the scintillator data is in excellent agreement with the CR39 spectrum in terms of beam temperature and the cutoff energy.This real-time spectrometer allows an online measurement of the ion spectra in single shot,which enables efficient and statistical studies and applications in high-repetition-rate laser acceleration experiments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81970616,82030024,81720108007)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1314000)。
文摘慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)是由各种原因导致的肾脏结构和(或)功能异常所致的慢性进展性疾病。流行病学研究发现,CKD患者易出现骨质疏松及血管钙化,由此导致的骨折和心血管系统并发症影响患者的预后[1]。CKD患者广泛存在的血管钙化既是心血管疾病发生的病理基础,也是心血管事件发生率和病死率高的重要原因[2]。2005年美国肾脏病基金会(KDIGO)将CKD患者出现的矿物质代谢紊乱及其所致的骨与血管异常的临床综合征定义为慢性肾脏病-矿物质和骨异常(chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder,CKD-MBD)[3]。
文摘Background Data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Chinese non-dialysis chronic kidney disease （CKD） patients are limited.The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in the non-dialysis CKD patients through a nationwide,multicenter study in China.Methods The survey was performed in 61 tertiary hospitals in 31 provinces,municipalities,and autonomous regions in China （except Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan）.Trained physicians collected demographic and clinical data and measured blood pressure （BP） using a standardized protocol.Hypertension was defned as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg,and/or use of antihypertensive medications.BP 〈140/90 mmHg and 〈130/80 mmHg were used as the 2 thresholds of hypertension control.In multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for sex and age,we analyzed the association between CKD stages and uncontrolled hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients.Results The analysis included 8927 non-dialysis CKD patients.The prevalence,awareness,and treatment of hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients were 67.3%,85.8%,and 81.0%,respectively.Of hypertensive CKD patients,33.1% and 14.1% had controlled BP to 〈140/90 mmHg and 〈130/80 mmHg,respectively.With successive CKD stages,the prevalence of hypertension in non-dialysis CKD patients increased,but the control of hypertension decreased （P〈0.001）.When the threshold of BP 〈130/80 mmHg was considered,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension in CKD 2,3a,3b,4,and 5 stages increased 1.3,1.4,1.4,2.5,and 4.0 times compared with CKD 1 stage,respectively （P〈0.05）.Using the threshold of 〈140/90 mmHg,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased in advanced stages （P〈0.05）.Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension Chinese non-dialysis CKD patients was high,and the hypertension control was suboptimal.With successive CKD stages,the risk of uncontrolled hypertension increased.
基金This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30870953） to Prof. LIU Bi-cheng as PI.
文摘Background Integrin-linked kinase （ILK） dysregulation is involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy （DN）. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker （ARB）, irbesartan, on ILK expression and podocyte injury in DN.
文摘Together with an increasingly aging world population there is also an increasing prevalence of atherosclerosis. Renal artery stenosis （RAS） is one of the systemic manifestations of atherosclerosis. Its incidence is about 15%-35%. RAS accounts for 5%-27% of all patients with end-stage renal disease （ESRD）. Patients with renal dysfunction resulting from RAS are at risk of death from cardiovascular disease and ESRD.
文摘Background The non-hemodynamic effects of angiotensin receptor blocker （ARB） in the delay of progression of chronic kidney disease （CKD） remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of irbesartan on the urinary excretion of cytokines in patients with CKD. Methods In this randomized perspective clinical trial, different doses of irbesartan （150 mg/d and 300 mg/d） were given to two groups of patients in a cross-over design. Blood pressure （BP）, creatinine clearance （Ccr） and 24-hour proteinuria were examined. Urinary excretion of cytokines was determined by human inflammatory cytokine antibody array. A two-fold change in spot intensity was considered significant. Results Urinary excretion of cytokines （granulocyte colony stimulating factor （GCSF）, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1）, interferon y （IFN-y）, interleukin 1β （IL-1β）, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, IL-15 and macrophage inflammatory protein 1δ （MIP-Iδ） in group B （irbesartan 300 mg/d） was significantly decreased in comparison to group A （irbesartan 150 mg/d） after 8-week treatment. In group A, 8 weeks of treatment induced a two- to nine-fold reduction in urinary cytokine levels （GCSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-11, IL-12p40, MCP-2, MIP-1α）, while increasing the dosage to 300 mg/d further decreased the excretion of GCSF, GM-CSF, IL-12p40, MCP-2 and MIP-1α by week 18. There was no significant difference in BP or Ccr between the two groups. However, 24-hour proteinuria was significantly reduced in both groups, and in group A the reduction was dose dependent.Conclusion Irbesartan offers additional renoprotection in a dose-dependent manner by reducing pro-inflammatory cvtokines excretion in the urine of CKD patients.
