为验证数值模拟结果的正确性,建立了氯碱工业离子膜电解槽冷模实验装置,对电解槽内液体速度和气含率进行了实验测量,实验数据验证了模拟结果。利用实验和数值模拟方法对不同工况下气含率和气体体积分布进行了研究;对循环板上开口处膜侧...为验证数值模拟结果的正确性,建立了氯碱工业离子膜电解槽冷模实验装置,对电解槽内液体速度和气含率进行了实验测量,实验数据验证了模拟结果。利用实验和数值模拟方法对不同工况下气含率和气体体积分布进行了研究;对循环板上开口处膜侧瞬时压力进行了监测,分析了该处压力波动特性。结果表明,随着气液流量增大,电解槽内气含率增大,顶部气体滞留层增厚。当电流密度为10 k A×m^(-2)时,槽内气含率达到9.08%,为4.5 k A×m^(-2)时的近3倍。气体体积分数沿电解槽竖直方向逐渐增大,在膜与槽板夹角处最大。循环板上开口处膜侧压力信号波动明显,高频脉动主要由液体流动引起,低频脉动主要由气体流动引起。展开更多
Plant WRKY transcription factors are involved in various physiological processes, including biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as developmental processes. In this study, the expression patterns of the WRKY68...Plant WRKY transcription factors are involved in various physiological processes, including biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as developmental processes. In this study, the expression patterns of the WRKY68 protein during interactions between rice 4021 containing the bacterial blight resistance gene Xa21 and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae（Xoo） were investigated. A possible modified form of the WRKY68 protein appeared in the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response, and its expression levels were similar in compatible and incompatible responses, but differed significantly from that of the mock control treatment, suggesting that WRKY68 may be involved in the bacterial blight response in rice. To further understand WRKY68＇s roles in the resistance signaling pathway, WRKY68 recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and a microscale thermophoresis analysis was performed to investigate the interactions between WRKY68 and cis-elements in crucial pathogenesis-related（PR） genes. The results showed that the WRKY68 protein binds to W-boxes in the PR1 b promoter region, with an apparent dissociation constant of 25 nmol L–1, while the binding between WRKY68 and PR10 a was W-box independent. The results suggested that a possible modified form of the WRKY68 protein was induced during the interaction between rice and Xoo, which then regulated the activity of the downstream PR genes by binding with the W-boxes in the PR1 b gene＇s promoter region. Moreover, the constitutive transcription of the WRKY68 gene in dozens of rice tissues and the expression of the WRKY68 protein in leaves during all growth stages suggests that WRKY68 plays important roles in rice during normal growth processes.展开更多
Phosphomannose isomerase （PMI） encoding gene manA is a desirable selective marker in transgenic research. Under- standing of its expression patterns in transgenic plant and establishing highly sensitive detection me...Phosphomannose isomerase （PMI） encoding gene manA is a desirable selective marker in transgenic research. Under- standing of its expression patterns in transgenic plant and establishing highly sensitive detection method based on immunoassay have great impacts on the application of PMI. In this study, PMI-specific monoclonal antibodies were generated using recombinant protein as immunogen, and could be used in Western blot to detect as little as 0.5 ng His-tagged PMI protein or rice expressed PMI protein in sample accounted for 0.4% of single rice grain （about 0.08 mg）. PMI protein driven by CaMV-35S promoter was detected in dozens of tested tissues, including root, stem, leaf, panicle, and seed at all developmental stages during rice growing, and PMI protein accounted for about 0.036% of total protein in the leaves at seedling stage. The established method potentially can be used to monitor PMI protein in rice grains.展开更多
文摘目的:开发和验证乳腺癌患者新发心血管疾病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)的3年预测模型。方法:基于内蒙古区域医疗数据,纳入接受抗肿瘤治疗的18岁以上乳腺癌女性患者。多因素Fine&Gray模型纳入预测因子后,使用Lasso回归筛选变量,在训练集上拟合Cox比例风险、Logistic回归、Fine&Gray、随机森林和XGBoost模型,在测试集上分别用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristics,ROC)曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)和校准曲线评价模型区分度和校准度。结果:共纳入19325例接受抗肿瘤治疗的乳腺癌患者,平均年龄(52.76±10.44)岁,中位随访时间1.18年[四分位距(interquartile range,IQR):2.71]。7856例患者(40.65%)在乳腺癌诊断3年内发生CVD。Lasso回归筛选的预测因子为乳腺癌诊断年龄、居住地国内生产总值(gross domestic product,GDP)、肿瘤分期、高血压、缺血性心脏病及脑血管疾病既往史、手术类型、化疗类型、放疗类型。不考虑生存时间时,XGBoost模型的AUC显著高于随机森林模型[0.660(95%CI:0.644~0.675)vs.0.608(95%CI:0.591~0.624),P<0.001]和Logistic回归[0.609(95%CI:0.593~0.625),P<0.001],Logistic回归和XGBoost模型的校准度更好。考虑生存时间时,Cox比例风险模型和Fine&Gray模型的AUC差异无统计学意义[0.600(95%CI:0.584~0.616)vs.0.615(95%CI:0.599~0.631),P=0.188],但Fine&Gray模型的校准度更好。结论:基于区域医疗数据建立乳腺癌新发CVD的预测模型具有可行性。不考虑生存时间时,Logistic回归和XGBoost模型的预测性能更好;考虑生存时间时,Fine&Gray模型的预测性能更好。
文摘为验证数值模拟结果的正确性,建立了氯碱工业离子膜电解槽冷模实验装置,对电解槽内液体速度和气含率进行了实验测量,实验数据验证了模拟结果。利用实验和数值模拟方法对不同工况下气含率和气体体积分布进行了研究;对循环板上开口处膜侧瞬时压力进行了监测,分析了该处压力波动特性。结果表明,随着气液流量增大,电解槽内气含率增大,顶部气体滞留层增厚。当电流密度为10 k A×m^(-2)时,槽内气含率达到9.08%,为4.5 k A×m^(-2)时的近3倍。气体体积分数沿电解槽竖直方向逐渐增大,在膜与槽板夹角处最大。循环板上开口处膜侧压力信号波动明显,高频脉动主要由液体流动引起,低频脉动主要由气体流动引起。
基金supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education,China(20131302110006)
文摘Plant WRKY transcription factors are involved in various physiological processes, including biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as developmental processes. In this study, the expression patterns of the WRKY68 protein during interactions between rice 4021 containing the bacterial blight resistance gene Xa21 and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae（Xoo） were investigated. A possible modified form of the WRKY68 protein appeared in the Xa21-mediated disease resistance response, and its expression levels were similar in compatible and incompatible responses, but differed significantly from that of the mock control treatment, suggesting that WRKY68 may be involved in the bacterial blight response in rice. To further understand WRKY68＇s roles in the resistance signaling pathway, WRKY68 recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and a microscale thermophoresis analysis was performed to investigate the interactions between WRKY68 and cis-elements in crucial pathogenesis-related（PR） genes. The results showed that the WRKY68 protein binds to W-boxes in the PR1 b promoter region, with an apparent dissociation constant of 25 nmol L–1, while the binding between WRKY68 and PR10 a was W-box independent. The results suggested that a possible modified form of the WRKY68 protein was induced during the interaction between rice and Xoo, which then regulated the activity of the downstream PR genes by binding with the W-boxes in the PR1 b gene＇s promoter region. Moreover, the constitutive transcription of the WRKY68 gene in dozens of rice tissues and the expression of the WRKY68 protein in leaves during all growth stages suggests that WRKY68 plays important roles in rice during normal growth processes.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (5121001)the Cultivate New Varieties of Genetically Modified Organisms Technology Major Projects, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2009ZX08012-006B)
文摘Phosphomannose isomerase （PMI） encoding gene manA is a desirable selective marker in transgenic research. Under- standing of its expression patterns in transgenic plant and establishing highly sensitive detection method based on immunoassay have great impacts on the application of PMI. In this study, PMI-specific monoclonal antibodies were generated using recombinant protein as immunogen, and could be used in Western blot to detect as little as 0.5 ng His-tagged PMI protein or rice expressed PMI protein in sample accounted for 0.4% of single rice grain （about 0.08 mg）. PMI protein driven by CaMV-35S promoter was detected in dozens of tested tissues, including root, stem, leaf, panicle, and seed at all developmental stages during rice growing, and PMI protein accounted for about 0.036% of total protein in the leaves at seedling stage. The established method potentially can be used to monitor PMI protein in rice grains.
