大规模开放式在线课程(慕课)(Massive Open Online Courses,MOOC),是近年信息技术进步与教育全球化时代需求下,孕育催生而出的一种新型在线教学形态。慕课最大的魅力在于其拥有优质在线教育资源(名校、名师、名课),及其所连带的名校学...大规模开放式在线课程(慕课)(Massive Open Online Courses,MOOC),是近年信息技术进步与教育全球化时代需求下,孕育催生而出的一种新型在线教学形态。慕课最大的魅力在于其拥有优质在线教育资源(名校、名师、名课),及其所连带的名校学分、证书的认证。作为地方普通高校及教师,在慕课条件下,该如何抓住时代机遇,适应新时代高等教育的需求,是亟需考虑的事情。作者认为,地方普通高校应加强自身精品课程、优质课程建设,从内容与形式借鉴慕课来完善精品课程网站,建立校内的在线教学服务平台,借助“雨课堂”等智慧教学工具,配合教师及时转化教育理念和模式。探索线上、线下教学方法的结合,在线教学与实体课堂的结合模式等,逐步引导向以学生为主体、个性化的教学模式转变。展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect and mechanism of Sanhua Tang(三化汤,SHT)in treating ischemic stroke(IS)through the"Kaitong Xuanfu"theory by using network pharmacology and animal experiments.METHODS:The active...OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect and mechanism of Sanhua Tang(三化汤,SHT)in treating ischemic stroke(IS)through the"Kaitong Xuanfu"theory by using network pharmacology and animal experiments.METHODS:The active ingredients and targets of SHT and IS were screened by public databases such as Traditional Chinese Medicine systems pharmacology,GeneCards,and online mendelian inheritance in man.Visual network topographies were constructed using R,Cytoscape 3.6.0,AutoDockTools,a user-sponsored molecular visualization system on an open-source foundation,and other software to analyze the correlation between targets and active ingredients.The middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model was established by operation.Animals were divided into the Sham group,MCAO group(M group),aloe-emodin(AE)group(MCAO rats treated with aloe-emodin),SHT at low dosage(SL group)(MCAO rats treated with SL),SHT at medium dosage(SM group),and SHT at high dosage(SH group).2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction;Nissl staining was used to observe the morphology of neuronal cells;transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the integrity of the blood-brain barrier(BBB);enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the content of interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-10,tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)in serum.Western blot was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)protein in the cerebral ischemic penumbra.RESULTS:Using network pharmacology and molecular docking validation,four active ingredients(lignan,naringenin,aloe-rhodopsin,andβ-sitosterol),seven target proteins(protein kinase b 1,IL-6,TNF,VEGFA,TP53,jun proto-oncogene,and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3),and inflammatory signaling pathways were identified.Animal experiments showed that the SH and AE groups had fewer neurological deficits,reduced brain infarct volumes,decreased serum inflammatory factor levels,increased expression of VEGFA protein,and less structural damage to neurons and BBB.CONCLUSION:The present study found that the therapeutic mechanism of SHT against IS may be related to the inhibition of BBB inflammatory damage,which is also the mechanism of"Kaitong Xuanfu."The high-dose group of SHT was relatively effective in regulating inflammatory factors,improving BBB permeability,and protecting neuronal cells from damage.展开更多
文摘大规模开放式在线课程(慕课)(Massive Open Online Courses,MOOC),是近年信息技术进步与教育全球化时代需求下,孕育催生而出的一种新型在线教学形态。慕课最大的魅力在于其拥有优质在线教育资源(名校、名师、名课),及其所连带的名校学分、证书的认证。作为地方普通高校及教师,在慕课条件下,该如何抓住时代机遇,适应新时代高等教育的需求,是亟需考虑的事情。作者认为,地方普通高校应加强自身精品课程、优质课程建设,从内容与形式借鉴慕课来完善精品课程网站,建立校内的在线教学服务平台,借助“雨课堂”等智慧教学工具,配合教师及时转化教育理念和模式。探索线上、线下教学方法的结合,在线教学与实体课堂的结合模式等,逐步引导向以学生为主体、个性化的教学模式转变。
基金Hebei Province Natural Science:Based on The Xuan Fu Theory to Explore Sanhua Tang on Ischemic Stroke Blood-brain Barrier Protection Mechanism Research(No.H2022423327)Science and Technology Program of Hebei Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine:based on The Changes in Gut Microbiota,Explore Sanhua Tang From The Perspective of"Opening the Xuan Fu"Protective Phlegm Heat Relieving Excess Syndrome of Ischemic Stroke Mechanism of Action of the Blood-brain Barrier(No.2022090)+3 种基金Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease in 2021 Project:Based on the Gut-brain Axis,Explore Sanhua Tang's Treatment of Ischemic Stroke Syndrome(Phlegm Heat Relieving Empirical Model)(No.2021201)the Innovation Funding Program for Doctoral Students in Hebei Province:the Mechanism Research of Sanhua Tang Regulating Gut Microbiota,Improving the Blood-brain Barrier Damage of Ischemic Stroke(No.CXZZBS2022095)National College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program:Based on the Xuan Fu Theory to Explore Sanhua Tang on Ischemic stroke Blood-brain Barrier Protection Mechanism Research(No.202114432005)Special Project on the Cultivation of Scientific and Technological Innovation Ability of College and Middle School Students in Hebei Province:Mechanism Research of Bushen Huoxue Fang on Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampal Nerve After Vascular Dementia through Phosphatidylinositide 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase b/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathways(22E50142D)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect and mechanism of Sanhua Tang(三化汤,SHT)in treating ischemic stroke(IS)through the"Kaitong Xuanfu"theory by using network pharmacology and animal experiments.METHODS:The active ingredients and targets of SHT and IS were screened by public databases such as Traditional Chinese Medicine systems pharmacology,GeneCards,and online mendelian inheritance in man.Visual network topographies were constructed using R,Cytoscape 3.6.0,AutoDockTools,a user-sponsored molecular visualization system on an open-source foundation,and other software to analyze the correlation between targets and active ingredients.The middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model was established by operation.Animals were divided into the Sham group,MCAO group(M group),aloe-emodin(AE)group(MCAO rats treated with aloe-emodin),SHT at low dosage(SL group)(MCAO rats treated with SL),SHT at medium dosage(SM group),and SHT at high dosage(SH group).2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction;Nissl staining was used to observe the morphology of neuronal cells;transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the integrity of the blood-brain barrier(BBB);enzymelinked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the content of interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-10,tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)in serum.Western blot was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)protein in the cerebral ischemic penumbra.RESULTS:Using network pharmacology and molecular docking validation,four active ingredients(lignan,naringenin,aloe-rhodopsin,andβ-sitosterol),seven target proteins(protein kinase b 1,IL-6,TNF,VEGFA,TP53,jun proto-oncogene,and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3),and inflammatory signaling pathways were identified.Animal experiments showed that the SH and AE groups had fewer neurological deficits,reduced brain infarct volumes,decreased serum inflammatory factor levels,increased expression of VEGFA protein,and less structural damage to neurons and BBB.CONCLUSION:The present study found that the therapeutic mechanism of SHT against IS may be related to the inhibition of BBB inflammatory damage,which is also the mechanism of"Kaitong Xuanfu."The high-dose group of SHT was relatively effective in regulating inflammatory factors,improving BBB permeability,and protecting neuronal cells from damage.
