Preparation of Polyurea Elastomer with Flame Retardant, Insulation and Thermal Conductivity Properties

By using 6,6-((sulfonylbis(4,1-phenylene)bis(azanediyl))bis(thiophen-2-ylm-ethylene))bis6H-di-benzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide(DOPO-N)as phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant,the polyurea(PUA)with flame retardant properties(PUA/DOPO-N)was prepared.In addition,organically modified montmorillonite(OMMT)and magnesium hydroxide(MH)were used as co-effectors respectively,and the flame retardant PUA(PUA/DOPO-N/OMMT and PUA/DOPO-N/MH)were also prepared.Thermal properties,flame retardant properties,flame retardant mechanism and mechanical properties of PUA/DOPO-N,PUA/DOPO-N/OMMT and PUA/DOPO-N/MH were investigated by thermogravimetric(TG)analysis,limiting oxygen index(LOI),UL 94,cone calorimeter test,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and tensile test.The results show that the LOI value of PUA/20%DOPO-N,PUA/18%DOPO-N/2%OMMT and PUA/15%DOPO-N/5%MH are 27.1%,27.7%,and 28.3%,respectively,and UL 94 V-0 rating is attained.Compared with PUA,the peak heat release rate(pk-HRR),total heat release(THR)and average effective heat combustion(av-EHC)of PUA/20%DOPO-N,PUA/18%DOPO-N/2%OMMT and PUA/15%DOPO-N/5%MH decrease significantly.SEM results indicate that the residual chars of PUA/20%DOPO-N,PUA/18%DOPO-N/2%OMMT and PUA/15%DOPO-N/5%MH are completer and more compact.The complex of DOPO-N/OMMT and DOPO-N/MH have synergistic flame retardancy.The mechanical properties of PUA can be improved by the addition of DOPO-N,DOPO-N/OMMT and DOPO-N/MH,respectively.The insulation performance test shows that the volume resistivity of PUA/20%DOPO-N is 6.25×10^(16)Ω.cm.Furthermore,by using modified boron nitride(MBN)as heat dissipating material,the complex of PUA/MBN was prepared,and the thermal conductivity of PUA/MBN was investigated.The thermal conductivity of PUA/8%MBN complex coating at room temperature is 0.166 W/(M·K),which is a 163%improvement over pure PUA.

油气领域人工智能标准化工作思考与建议

近年来,人工智能技术飞速发展,在垂直行业的规模应用实效显著,国内外均意识到人工智能标准工作的重要性,积极推进人工智能标准工作。人工智能技术在油气领域的融合应用,整体按“单点智能技术—智能化技术系列—大模型”路径演进、扩展,当前已实现多点技术突破,推进油气人工智能标准化工作的重要性和必要性凸显。建议采用“整体布局、分层细化、逐步完善”的方式,分基础骨干、重点方向、应用场景3个层次构建油气人工智能标准体系,明晰油气人工智能与其他专业界限、科学组建油气人工智能标准委员会,协同推进油气人工智能标准化工作快速有序发展。

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部山西组层序格架下的砂体成因类型、构型及分布

鄂尔多斯盆地山西组沉积时期陆生植物繁盛,为天然气的生成提供了充足的气源,油气的富集受控于岩性和岩相,因此深入探讨山西组砂体构型和砂体展布规律十分必要。为加快天然气的勘探步伐,以层序地层学与沉积学基本原理为指导,通过野外露头剖面、钻井、测井等资料的综合分析,研究了山西组四级层序格架下不同成因类型砂体的特征、构型及展布规律。结果表明:研究区山西组可划分为5个四级层序;砂体类型以辫状河三角洲平原分流河道和辫状河三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂体为主;不同类型的河道砂体具有南北成带、东西分割的特征;砂体构型有垂向叠置型、垂向切叠型和独立型3种类型;四级层序PSQ3~1(相当于山2~3段和山2~2段下部)、PSQ3~2(相当于山2~2段上部)和PSQ4~1(相当于山1~2段)均是天然气勘探的主力层系;大保当、余兴庄、龙镇地区均是天然气勘探的有利地区。该方法和研究结果可为研究区及其类似地区层序地层划分、砂体展布规律研究及有利区带优选等提供参考。

Fingered Intrusion of Shallow Saucer-shaped Igneous Sills: Insights from the Jiaojiang Sag, East China Sea

An extensive suite of igneous sills was intruded into the Tertiary sedimentary section of the Jiaojiang sag, East China Sea. This suite has been well imaged offshore through 2D and 3D seismic surveys, showing a close relationship with CO2 content in nearby gas discoveries. A new observational model, which incorporates simple upward propagation, simple horizontal propagation, and transgressive propagation, was proposed to interpret these sill intrusions. In this model, the source magma of the saucer-shaped sills was injected from their lowest points near the center. The transgressive propagation can be interpreted as a combination of the vertical and horizontal propagation. Most shallow sub-volcanic intrusions in the Jiaojiang sag exhibit fingered characteristics, both vertically and horizontally. The vertical fingered propagation produced saucer-shaped sills arranged in the flower style. Along the brims of lower sills could usually be found the upper sills, which are interpreted to have formed simultaneously with or later than the lower feeder sills. In the second type, the chilled paths of the older sills were reutilized by subsequent intrusions. The horizontal fingered propagation formed sheet intrusions that exhibit groove, lobate, tubular, and crevasse splay- like geometry in plan view. In 3D view, the sheet intrusions have still preserved the lower center and higher rim that similar with the sub-rounded saucer-shaped sills. Although fracture propagation may be important, flow inflation was the key mechanism of magma intrusion. Further consideration of the mechanisms underlying sill formation may help explain the fingered characteristics of sill propagation.

利用油包裹体荧光光谱确定齐家地区高台子油层致密油气成藏期次及其相对成熟度

基于石油的荧光性,通过常规荧光光谱方法,对油包裹体的荧光光谱进行定量化描述,利用其主峰波长(λ_(max))、红绿熵(Q)及QF_(535)等属性参数,并根据λ_(max)与QF_(535)的相关关系特征,可以便捷而有效地开展油气充注期次的判识。齐家地区上白垩统青山口组高台子致密油储层中9块流体包裹体样品检测结果表明,高台子油层中发育发黄色、黄绿色、蓝绿色3种荧光颜色的油包裹体;高台子油层油包裹体λ_(max)与QF_(535)分布在3个区域,从黄色荧光区域→黄绿色荧光区域→蓝绿色荧光区域,QF_(535)值逐渐减小,反映了油包裹体中捕获原油的成熟度逐渐增高;并结合埋藏史、生烃史和包裹体均一温度研究,认为齐家地区高台子油层在地质历史时期共经历了3幕油气充注,早期原油充注发生在白垩纪嫩江晚期79—77Ma期间,对应于第1幕充注;晚期原油充注发生在晚白垩世明水期69—65Ma期间,对应于第2幕和第3幕充注。

鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系中组合内幕气源特征及勘探方向

鄂尔多斯盆地下古生界马家沟组按照勘探程度划分为上、中、下3个组合,分别为马家沟组五段1—4小层(上组合)、马家沟组五段5—10小层(中组合)和马家沟组四段—马家沟组一段(下组合)。为探索中组合内幕天然气气源特征,开展了天然气组分、同位素、流体包裹体、天然气成因识别及烃源岩评价等研究工作,并与研究区上古生界及奥陶系风化壳的天然气开展比较分析。研究结果表明:①奥陶系中组合内幕天然气在组分特征、同位素特征等方面与上古生界石炭系—二叠系及风化壳天然气存在差异;利用天然气组分数据,结合前人实验图版判识,认为奥陶系中组合内幕天然气中存在原油裂解气。②奥陶系中组合内幕发育沥青,是内幕烃源岩生成液态烃热裂解产物。③受潮坪环境沉积体系控制,中组合典型烃源岩层段(马家沟组五段6小层)可以划分为泥云坪环带、含膏盐缓坡、膏盐岩洼地3个相带。④马家沟组五段6小层烃源岩主要分布在泥云坪环带,累积厚度可达8~20 m,有机碳含量最高达1.75%,R_o为1.9%~2.7%,处于热裂解生气阶段,具备规模供烃潜力。⑤泥云坪环带和含膏盐缓坡是有利勘探方向,乌审旗东部、靖边西北部和吴起—志丹地区是3个有利勘探区带。