本研究旨在探究低精料日粮和高精料日粮对牦牛瘤胃微生物菌群的影响。本试验选取3周岁,体重相近的12头牦牛,平均分为两组。分别用低精料[精粗比30∶70(C30组)]的日粮和高精料[精粗比70∶30(C70组)]的日粮,饲喂2个月。结果表明:1)C70组...本研究旨在探究低精料日粮和高精料日粮对牦牛瘤胃微生物菌群的影响。本试验选取3周岁,体重相近的12头牦牛,平均分为两组。分别用低精料[精粗比30∶70(C30组)]的日粮和高精料[精粗比70∶30(C70组)]的日粮,饲喂2个月。结果表明:1)C70组平均日增重极显著高于C30组(P<0.01)。2)C30组Chao1指数、Shannon指数和谱系多样性指数都极显著高于C70组(P<0.01)。3)在门水平上,髌骨细菌门、脱硫杆菌门、疣微菌门、蓝藻菌门相对丰富度C30组显著高于C70组(P<0.05)。厚壁菌门相对丰富度C30组极显著高于C70组(P<0.01)。拟杆菌门相对丰富度C70组极显著高于C30组(P<0.01),变形菌门C70组显著高于C30组(P<0.05)。在属水平上C30组牦牛的瘤胃微生物克里斯滕森菌科_R-7、未分类瘤胃细菌、NK4A214属、未培养菌(uncultured bacterium)和不确定的菌属(unidentified)的相对丰富度极显著高于C70组牦牛瘤胃微生物丰富度(P<0.01)。理研菌属丰富度C30组显著高于C70组(P<0.05)。普雷沃氏菌属、毛螺菌科-NK3A20、瘤胃球菌属C70组相对丰富度显著高于C30组(P<0.05)。4)在KEGG2水平上,所有的牦牛瘤胃样本中有31个基因家族。C70组运输和分解代谢(transport and catabolism)、辅因子和维生素代谢以及能量代谢显著高于C30组(P<0.05)。C70组的碳水化合物代谢(carbohydrate metabolism)极显著高于C30组(P<0.01)。C30组的免疫疾病(immune disease)极显著高于C70组,C70组的次级代谢产物的生物合成(biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites)极显著高于C30组(P<0.01)。综上所述,与低精料组相比饲喂高精料日粮降低了牦牛瘤胃微生物菌群的多样性,并减少了不利于瘤胃菌群健康的菌群丰富度,同时提高了优势菌群的丰富度。在代谢功能上,高精料日粮增加了碳水化合物代谢和其他营养因子代谢,降低了免疫疾病代谢。展开更多
Due to the high potential risk and many influencing factors of subsea horizontal X-tree installation,to guarantee the successful completion of sea trials of domestic subsea horizontal X-trees,this paper established a ...Due to the high potential risk and many influencing factors of subsea horizontal X-tree installation,to guarantee the successful completion of sea trials of domestic subsea horizontal X-trees,this paper established a modular risk evaluation model based on a fuzzy fault tree.First,through the analysis of the main process oftree down and combining the Offshore&Onshore Reliability Data(OREDA)failure statistics and the operation procedure and the data provided by the job,the fault tree model of risk analysis of the tree down installation was established.Then,by introducing the natural language of expert comprehensive evaluation and combining fuzzy principles,quantitative analysis was carried out,and the fuzzy number was used to calculate the failure probability of a basic event and the occurrence probability of a top event.Finally,through a sensitivity analysis of basic events,the basic events of top events significantly affected were determined,and risk control and prevention measures for the corresponding high-risk factors were proposed for subsea horizontal X-tree down installation.展开更多
本文提出了一种基于局部形状结构分类的心血管内超声(Intravascular Ultrasound,IVUS)图像中-外膜边界检测方法.首先利用k-均值(k-means)聚类方法,确定局部形状结构类别;其次通过类别标号索引图像块,并对其进行积分通道特征和自相似性...本文提出了一种基于局部形状结构分类的心血管内超声(Intravascular Ultrasound,IVUS)图像中-外膜边界检测方法.首先利用k-均值(k-means)聚类方法,确定局部形状结构类别;其次通过类别标号索引图像块,并对其进行积分通道特征和自相似性特征提取,构建多分类随机决策森林模型;最后由分类模型寻找IVUS图像的关键点,采用曲线拟合方法,实现IVUS图像中-外膜边界检测.实验结果表明,本文方法能够有效地解决IVUS图像中斑块、伪影和血管分支等造成边缘难以准确检测的问题,与已有算法相比,其JM(Jaccard Measure,JM)达到了88.9%,PAD(Percentage of Area Difference,PAD)降低了19.1%,HD(Hausdorff Distance,HD)减少了9.7%,更准确地识别目标边界的关键点,成功地检测出完整的中-外膜边界.展开更多
文摘本研究旨在探究低精料日粮和高精料日粮对牦牛瘤胃微生物菌群的影响。本试验选取3周岁,体重相近的12头牦牛,平均分为两组。分别用低精料[精粗比30∶70(C30组)]的日粮和高精料[精粗比70∶30(C70组)]的日粮,饲喂2个月。结果表明:1)C70组平均日增重极显著高于C30组(P<0.01)。2)C30组Chao1指数、Shannon指数和谱系多样性指数都极显著高于C70组(P<0.01)。3)在门水平上,髌骨细菌门、脱硫杆菌门、疣微菌门、蓝藻菌门相对丰富度C30组显著高于C70组(P<0.05)。厚壁菌门相对丰富度C30组极显著高于C70组(P<0.01)。拟杆菌门相对丰富度C70组极显著高于C30组(P<0.01),变形菌门C70组显著高于C30组(P<0.05)。在属水平上C30组牦牛的瘤胃微生物克里斯滕森菌科_R-7、未分类瘤胃细菌、NK4A214属、未培养菌(uncultured bacterium)和不确定的菌属(unidentified)的相对丰富度极显著高于C70组牦牛瘤胃微生物丰富度(P<0.01)。理研菌属丰富度C30组显著高于C70组(P<0.05)。普雷沃氏菌属、毛螺菌科-NK3A20、瘤胃球菌属C70组相对丰富度显著高于C30组(P<0.05)。4)在KEGG2水平上,所有的牦牛瘤胃样本中有31个基因家族。C70组运输和分解代谢(transport and catabolism)、辅因子和维生素代谢以及能量代谢显著高于C30组(P<0.05)。C70组的碳水化合物代谢(carbohydrate metabolism)极显著高于C30组(P<0.01)。C30组的免疫疾病(immune disease)极显著高于C70组,C70组的次级代谢产物的生物合成(biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites)极显著高于C30组(P<0.01)。综上所述,与低精料组相比饲喂高精料日粮降低了牦牛瘤胃微生物菌群的多样性,并减少了不利于瘤胃菌群健康的菌群丰富度,同时提高了优势菌群的丰富度。在代谢功能上,高精料日粮增加了碳水化合物代谢和其他营养因子代谢,降低了免疫疾病代谢。
基金financially supported by the National Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Innovation Special Project-Engineering Demonstration Application of Subsea Production System,Topic 4:Research on Subsea X-Tree and Wellhead Offshore Testing Technology(Grant No.MC-201901-S01-04)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(Major Innovation Project)(Grant Nos.2022CXGC020405,2023CXGC010415)。
文摘Due to the high potential risk and many influencing factors of subsea horizontal X-tree installation,to guarantee the successful completion of sea trials of domestic subsea horizontal X-trees,this paper established a modular risk evaluation model based on a fuzzy fault tree.First,through the analysis of the main process oftree down and combining the Offshore&Onshore Reliability Data(OREDA)failure statistics and the operation procedure and the data provided by the job,the fault tree model of risk analysis of the tree down installation was established.Then,by introducing the natural language of expert comprehensive evaluation and combining fuzzy principles,quantitative analysis was carried out,and the fuzzy number was used to calculate the failure probability of a basic event and the occurrence probability of a top event.Finally,through a sensitivity analysis of basic events,the basic events of top events significantly affected were determined,and risk control and prevention measures for the corresponding high-risk factors were proposed for subsea horizontal X-tree down installation.
文摘本文提出了一种基于局部形状结构分类的心血管内超声(Intravascular Ultrasound,IVUS)图像中-外膜边界检测方法.首先利用k-均值(k-means)聚类方法,确定局部形状结构类别;其次通过类别标号索引图像块,并对其进行积分通道特征和自相似性特征提取,构建多分类随机决策森林模型;最后由分类模型寻找IVUS图像的关键点,采用曲线拟合方法,实现IVUS图像中-外膜边界检测.实验结果表明,本文方法能够有效地解决IVUS图像中斑块、伪影和血管分支等造成边缘难以准确检测的问题,与已有算法相比,其JM(Jaccard Measure,JM)达到了88.9%,PAD(Percentage of Area Difference,PAD)降低了19.1%,HD(Hausdorff Distance,HD)减少了9.7%,更准确地识别目标边界的关键点,成功地检测出完整的中-外膜边界.
