The frost deterioration and deformation of porous rock are commonly investigated under uniform freeze-thaw(FT)conditions.However,the unidirectional FT condition,which is also prevalent in engineering practice,has rece...The frost deterioration and deformation of porous rock are commonly investigated under uniform freeze-thaw(FT)conditions.However,the unidirectional FT condition,which is also prevalent in engineering practice,has received limited attention.Therefore,a comparative study on frost deformation and microstructure evolution of porous rock under both uniform and unidirectional FT conditions was performed.Firstly,frost deformation experiments of rock were conducted under cyclic uniform and unidirectional FT action,respectively.Results illustrate that frost deformation of saturated rock exhibits isotropic characteristics under uniform FT cycles,while it shows anisotropic characteristics under unidirectional FT condition with both the frost heaving strain and residual strain along FT direction much higher than those perpendicular to FT direction.Moreover,the peak value and residual value of cumulative frost strain vary as logarithmic functions with cycle number under both uniform and unidirectional FT conditions.Subsequently,the microstructure evolution of rock suffered cyclic uniform and unidirectional FT action were measured.Under uniform FT cycles,newly generated pores uniformly distribute in rock and pore structure of rock remains isotropic in micro scale,and thus the frost deformation shows isotropic characteristics in macro scale.Under unidirectional FT cycles,micro-cracks or pore belts generate with their orientation nearly perpendicular to the FT direction,and rock structure gradually becomes anisotropic in micro scale,resulting in the anisotropic characteristics of frost deformation in macro scale.展开更多
Collapsing erosion is a unique phenomenon commonly observed on the granite residue hillslopes in the tropical and subtropical regions of southern China,characterized by its abrupt occurrence and significant erosion vo...Collapsing erosion is a unique phenomenon commonly observed on the granite residue hillslopes in the tropical and subtropical regions of southern China,characterized by its abrupt occurrence and significant erosion volumes.However,the impacts of soil crust conditions on the erosion of colluvial deposits with granite residual soils have only been studied to a limited extent.To address this issue,this study investigates the impacts of three soil crust conditions(i.e.,without crust,10-minute crust,and 20-minute crust)on gully morphology,rainfall infiltration,and runoff and sediment yield during slope erosion of colluvial deposits with granite residues(classified as Acrisols)in Yudu County,Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province,China,using simulated rainfall tests and photographic methods.The results showed that as the strength of the soil crust increased,the capacity of moisture infiltration and the width and depth of the gully as well as the sediment concentration and yield ratio decreased;at the same time,the runoff ratio increased.The sediment yield in the without-crust test was found to be 1.24 and 1.43 times higher than that observed in the 10-minute crust and 20-minute crust tests,respectively.These results indicate that soil crusts can effectively prevent slope erosion and moisture infiltration,while providing valuable insights for the management of soil erosion in natural environments.展开更多
目的探讨以自我管理为导向的护理模式结合正念饮食察觉训练对2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力及血糖控制的影响。方法选择2021年1月至2022年1月收治的80例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组采...目的探讨以自我管理为导向的护理模式结合正念饮食察觉训练对2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力及血糖控制的影响。方法选择2021年1月至2022年1月收治的80例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组采取常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上加以自我管理为导向的护理模式结合正念饮食察觉训练。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的自我管理行为量表各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的自我效能感及健康知识掌握程度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)水平及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论以自我管理为导向的护理模式结合正念饮食察觉训练能够提高2型糖尿病患者的自我管理能力,也能提高自我效能感及健康知识掌握程度,有助于血糖控制,值得推广。展开更多
活立木茎干水分状况是植物生命状态的有效体现,其中茎干含水率(Stem water content,StWC)和液流密度(Sap flux density,SFD)是研究植物体内水分变化规律的重要参数。准确检测活立木茎干同一空间位置的含水率和液流密度可以更有效地分析...活立木茎干水分状况是植物生命状态的有效体现,其中茎干含水率(Stem water content,StWC)和液流密度(Sap flux density,SFD)是研究植物体内水分变化规律的重要参数。准确检测活立木茎干同一空间位置的含水率和液流密度可以更有效地分析2个参数的关系、评估植物生长状况。将基于驻波率(Standing wave ratio,SWR)原理的茎干水分检测方法和基于热比率法(Heat ratio method,HRM)原理的茎干液流检测方法结合,设计了活立木茎干含水率和液流复合参数检测传感器,复合传感器的含水率检测单元和液流检测单元复用一套三针式探针,可对活立木茎干同一位置的含水率和液流实时精准检测。含水率检测单元输出电压与介电常数(6~53.3范围内,对应茎干含水率为0~85%)具有良好的线性关系(决定系数R^(2)=0.9701),静态稳定性良好(长时间测试最大波动为0.6%全量程)。以杨树为研究对象,含水率检测单元与BD-IV型植物茎体水分传感器的对比实验结果一致(决定系数R^(2)=0.9800)。液流检测单元与ST1221型热扩散式液流计对比,二者检测的杨树液流密度具有显著的线性关系(决定系数R^(2)=0.8991),热扩散式液流计不能准确判断零液流条件而低估了液流密度,ST1221型液流计检测的平均值比本系统液流检测单元低1.1 cm/h,液流检测单元使用的热比率法可以准确检测低速液流。复合传感器对杨树茎干含水率和液流的长时间监测结果与前人研究一致且符合植物生理规律。茎干含水率和液流存在极显著的负相关性(Pearson相关系数为-0.7951)。展开更多
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52108370)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.20212BAB214062,20224BAB204061).
文摘The frost deterioration and deformation of porous rock are commonly investigated under uniform freeze-thaw(FT)conditions.However,the unidirectional FT condition,which is also prevalent in engineering practice,has received limited attention.Therefore,a comparative study on frost deformation and microstructure evolution of porous rock under both uniform and unidirectional FT conditions was performed.Firstly,frost deformation experiments of rock were conducted under cyclic uniform and unidirectional FT action,respectively.Results illustrate that frost deformation of saturated rock exhibits isotropic characteristics under uniform FT cycles,while it shows anisotropic characteristics under unidirectional FT condition with both the frost heaving strain and residual strain along FT direction much higher than those perpendicular to FT direction.Moreover,the peak value and residual value of cumulative frost strain vary as logarithmic functions with cycle number under both uniform and unidirectional FT conditions.Subsequently,the microstructure evolution of rock suffered cyclic uniform and unidirectional FT action were measured.Under uniform FT cycles,newly generated pores uniformly distribute in rock and pore structure of rock remains isotropic in micro scale,and thus the frost deformation shows isotropic characteristics in macro scale.Under unidirectional FT cycles,micro-cracks or pore belts generate with their orientation nearly perpendicular to the FT direction,and rock structure gradually becomes anisotropic in micro scale,resulting in the anisotropic characteristics of frost deformation in macro scale.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Nos.41962015,52208348]the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation[Grant No.20224BAB214064,20232BAB204083].
文摘Collapsing erosion is a unique phenomenon commonly observed on the granite residue hillslopes in the tropical and subtropical regions of southern China,characterized by its abrupt occurrence and significant erosion volumes.However,the impacts of soil crust conditions on the erosion of colluvial deposits with granite residual soils have only been studied to a limited extent.To address this issue,this study investigates the impacts of three soil crust conditions(i.e.,without crust,10-minute crust,and 20-minute crust)on gully morphology,rainfall infiltration,and runoff and sediment yield during slope erosion of colluvial deposits with granite residues(classified as Acrisols)in Yudu County,Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province,China,using simulated rainfall tests and photographic methods.The results showed that as the strength of the soil crust increased,the capacity of moisture infiltration and the width and depth of the gully as well as the sediment concentration and yield ratio decreased;at the same time,the runoff ratio increased.The sediment yield in the without-crust test was found to be 1.24 and 1.43 times higher than that observed in the 10-minute crust and 20-minute crust tests,respectively.These results indicate that soil crusts can effectively prevent slope erosion and moisture infiltration,while providing valuable insights for the management of soil erosion in natural environments.
文摘目的探讨以自我管理为导向的护理模式结合正念饮食察觉训练对2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力及血糖控制的影响。方法选择2021年1月至2022年1月收治的80例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各40例。对照组采取常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上加以自我管理为导向的护理模式结合正念饮食察觉训练。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的自我管理行为量表各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的自我效能感及健康知识掌握程度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PBG)水平及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论以自我管理为导向的护理模式结合正念饮食察觉训练能够提高2型糖尿病患者的自我管理能力,也能提高自我效能感及健康知识掌握程度,有助于血糖控制,值得推广。
文摘活立木茎干水分状况是植物生命状态的有效体现,其中茎干含水率(Stem water content,StWC)和液流密度(Sap flux density,SFD)是研究植物体内水分变化规律的重要参数。准确检测活立木茎干同一空间位置的含水率和液流密度可以更有效地分析2个参数的关系、评估植物生长状况。将基于驻波率(Standing wave ratio,SWR)原理的茎干水分检测方法和基于热比率法(Heat ratio method,HRM)原理的茎干液流检测方法结合,设计了活立木茎干含水率和液流复合参数检测传感器,复合传感器的含水率检测单元和液流检测单元复用一套三针式探针,可对活立木茎干同一位置的含水率和液流实时精准检测。含水率检测单元输出电压与介电常数(6~53.3范围内,对应茎干含水率为0~85%)具有良好的线性关系(决定系数R^(2)=0.9701),静态稳定性良好(长时间测试最大波动为0.6%全量程)。以杨树为研究对象,含水率检测单元与BD-IV型植物茎体水分传感器的对比实验结果一致(决定系数R^(2)=0.9800)。液流检测单元与ST1221型热扩散式液流计对比,二者检测的杨树液流密度具有显著的线性关系(决定系数R^(2)=0.8991),热扩散式液流计不能准确判断零液流条件而低估了液流密度,ST1221型液流计检测的平均值比本系统液流检测单元低1.1 cm/h,液流检测单元使用的热比率法可以准确检测低速液流。复合传感器对杨树茎干含水率和液流的长时间监测结果与前人研究一致且符合植物生理规律。茎干含水率和液流存在极显著的负相关性(Pearson相关系数为-0.7951)。
