Performances of 5 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) in simulating the chloro-phyll concentration over the tropical Indian Ocean are evaluated. Results show that these models are abl...Performances of 5 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) in simulating the chloro-phyll concentration over the tropical Indian Ocean are evaluated. Results show that these models are able to capture the dominant spatial distribution of observed chlorophyll concentration and reproduce the maximum chlorophyll concentration over the western part of the Arabian Sea, around the tip of the Indian subcontinent, and in the southeast tropical Indian Ocean. The seasonal evolution of chlorophyll concentration over these regions is also reproduced with significant amplitude diversity among models. All of 5 mod-els is able to simulate the interannual variability of chlorophyll concentration. The maximum interannual variation occurs at the same regions where the maximum climatological chlorophyll concentration is located. Further analysis also reveals that the Indian Ocean Dipole events have great impact on chlorophyll concentration in the tropical Indian Ocean. In the general successful simulation of chlorophyll concentration, most of the CMIP5 models present higher than normal chlorophyll concentration in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean.展开更多
Historical surface drifter observations collected from the Southern Ocean are used to study the near-surface structure, variability, and energy characteristics of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). A strong, n...Historical surface drifter observations collected from the Southern Ocean are used to study the near-surface structure, variability, and energy characteristics of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). A strong, nearly zonal ACC combined with complex fronts dominates the circulation system in the Southern Ocean. Standard variance ellipses indicate that both the Agulhas Return Current and the East Australian Warm Current are stable supplements of the near-surface ACC, and that the anticyclonic gyre formed by the Brazil warm current and the Malvinas cold current is stable throughout the year. During austral winter, the current velocity increases because of the enhanced westerly wind. Aroused by the meridional motion of the ACC, the meridional velocity shows greater instability characteristics than the zonal velocity does over the core current. Additionally, the ACC exhibits an eastward declining trend in the core current velocity from southern Africa. The characteristics of the ACC are also argued from the perspective of energy. The energy distribution suggests that the mean kinetic energy (MKE), eddy kinetic energy (EKE), and are strong over the core currents of the ACC. However, in contrast, EKE/MKE suggests there is much less (more) eddy dissipation in regions with strong (weak) energy distribution. Both meridional and zonal energy variations are studied to illustrate additional details of the ACC energy characteristics. Generally, all the energy forms except EKE/MKE present west-east reducing trends, which coincide with the velocity statistics. Eddy dissipation has a much greater effect on MKE in the northern part of the Southern Ocean.展开更多
The characteristics of currents and tidal currents in the Andaman Sea(AS) are studied during the second half of2016 using observed data from a moored acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP) deployed at 8.6°N,...The characteristics of currents and tidal currents in the Andaman Sea(AS) are studied during the second half of2016 using observed data from a moored acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP) deployed at 8.6°N, 95.6°E.During the observation period, the mean flow is 5–10 cm/s and largely southward. The root mean square and kinetic energies of the low and high frequency flows, which are divided by a cutoff period of 5 d, are at the same level, indicating their identical importance to the total current. A power spectrum analysis shows that intraseasonal oscillations, a tidal-related semilunar month signal, a semidiurnal tidal signal and periods of 3–4 d are prominent. The barocliny of an eddy kinetic energy is stronger than the mean kinetic energy, both of which are the strongest on the bottom and the weakest at 70 m depth. Residual currents are largely southward(northward) during the summer(winter) monsoon season. Two striking peaks of the southward flow cause the 80 d period of meridional currents. The first peak is part of a large-scale circulation, which enters the AS through the northern channel and exits through the southern channel, and the second peak is part of a local vortex. The 40 d oscillation of the zonal current is forced by geostrophic variations attributed to local and equatorial remote forcing. The tidal current is dominated by semidiurnal constituents, and among these, M2 and N2 are the top two largest major axes. Moreover, astronomical tidal constituents MM and MSF are also significant. Diurnal constituents are weak and shallow water tides are ignorable. The aims are to introduce the new current data observed in the AS and to provide initial insights for the tidal and residual currents in the Andaman Sea.展开更多
Tide gauge data are used to investigate sea level variability off the northwest coast of the South China Sea(SCS) in 2012,and a significant sea level elevation with a magnitude approaching 79 mm is observed.Analysis s...Tide gauge data are used to investigate sea level variability off the northwest coast of the South China Sea(SCS) in 2012,and a significant sea level elevation with a magnitude approaching 79 mm is observed.Analysis suggests that an abnormal sea surface heat flux and freshwater flux may have contributed to this abnormal rise in sea level,together with the remote influence of an ENSO event.Further investigation shows that the event was dominated by the positive freshwater flux,where large volumes of water entered the ocean,and a maximum is centered to the south of Guangdong province,China.Simultaneously,a positive anomalous heat flux occurred in the northwestern part of the SCS,which is considered to have made a positive contribution to the high local sea level elevation.In addition to the heat flux,the ENSO event also had a significant effect on the event,where the La Ni?a-induced northwest Pacific cyclone contributed to sea level rise over the northwestern SCS through dynamic and thermodynamic interactions.展开更多
The diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton and the influence of upwelling on zooplankton biomass were examined using water column data of current velocity and mean volume backscattering strength (MVBS) colle...The diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton and the influence of upwelling on zooplankton biomass were examined using water column data of current velocity and mean volume backscattering strength (MVBS) collected by moored acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) deployed in the southeastern Chukchi Sea during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE) in summer 2012, combined with the satellite observational data such as sea surface temperature (SST), wind, and chlorophyll a (Chl a). Hourly acoustic data were continuously collected for 49-d in the mooring site. Spectral analysis indicated that there were different migrating patterns of zooplankton, even though precisely classifying the zooplankton taxa was not available. The prevailing 24-h cycle corresponded to the normal DVM with zooplankton swimming upwards at sunrise and returning to deep waters at sunset. There was a clear DVM in the upper 17 m of the water column during the period with distinct day-night cycles, and no active DVM throughout the water column when the sun above the horizon (polar day), suggesting that light intensity was the trigger for DVM. Also there was a second migrating pattern with 12-h cycle. The upwelling event occurring in the northwest of Alaskan coastal area had important influence on zooplankton biomass at the mooring site. During the upwelling, the SST close to the mooring site dropped significantly from maximal 6.35℃to minimal 1.31℃ within five days. Simultaneously, there was a rapid increase in the MVBS and Chl a level, suggesting the aggregation of zooplankton related to upwelling.展开更多
1病例简介患者女,16岁,因“自服敌敌畏160 m L后1 h”于2021年12月1日15:03入平邑县人民医院急诊科。患者既往体健,无血小板减少症及其他引起血小板减少的病史,否认药物、食物过敏史。查体:体温37.6℃,呼吸频率161次/min,呼吸23次/min,...1病例简介患者女,16岁,因“自服敌敌畏160 m L后1 h”于2021年12月1日15:03入平邑县人民医院急诊科。患者既往体健,无血小板减少症及其他引起血小板减少的病史,否认药物、食物过敏史。查体:体温37.6℃,呼吸频率161次/min,呼吸23次/min,血压112/65 mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133 k Pa);精神差,呼吸困难,意识不清,流延、大汗、肌肉震颤、恶心、呕吐、呕吐物为胃内容物伴刺鼻农药味,大小便失禁。展开更多
目的:探讨白藜芦醇(Res)对热刺激诱导的小鼠心肌细胞(MCM)凋亡的保护作用。方法:复制热刺激诱导MCM凋亡模型。首先采用实时无标记细胞分析技术检测Res对MCM存活率的影响;然后采用Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD双染法检测不同浓度Res给药组对MCM...目的:探讨白藜芦醇(Res)对热刺激诱导的小鼠心肌细胞(MCM)凋亡的保护作用。方法:复制热刺激诱导MCM凋亡模型。首先采用实时无标记细胞分析技术检测Res对MCM存活率的影响;然后采用Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD双染法检测不同浓度Res给药组对MCM凋亡率的影响。JC-1探针法检测线粒体膜电位,初步确证MCM凋亡依赖于线粒体凋亡途径。利用全自动荧光酶标仪检测荧光探针(Ac-LEHD)2-R110标记的Caspase-9相对表达量;利用流式细胞仪检测荧光探针TF2-DEVD-FMK标记的Caspase-3/7的相对表达量;Western Blot法检测Bax、Bcl-2、COXⅣ蛋白的表达;ELISA方法检测细胞色素C(Cyt-C)含量、比色法测定Cyt-C氧化酶活性。结果:与模型组比较,Res高剂量及中剂量组细胞凋亡率显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),各组均可显著改善线粒体膜电位(P<0.01),Res高剂量及低剂量组Cyt-C释放量显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),Res各组均可显著降低Caspase-9活性(P<0.01),R es高剂量组可显著降低Ca s p a s e-3/7活性(P<0.01),B c l-2/B ax比值显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),Res干预后Cyt-C氧化酶活性均升高但差异无统计学意义。结论:Res通过抑制线粒体凋亡途径缓解热刺激诱导的MCM凋亡。展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB955601,2010CB950304)SOA Science Fund for Young Scholars(Grant No.2011244)
文摘Performances of 5 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) in simulating the chloro-phyll concentration over the tropical Indian Ocean are evaluated. Results show that these models are able to capture the dominant spatial distribution of observed chlorophyll concentration and reproduce the maximum chlorophyll concentration over the western part of the Arabian Sea, around the tip of the Indian subcontinent, and in the southeast tropical Indian Ocean. The seasonal evolution of chlorophyll concentration over these regions is also reproduced with significant amplitude diversity among models. All of 5 mod-els is able to simulate the interannual variability of chlorophyll concentration. The maximum interannual variation occurs at the same regions where the maximum climatological chlorophyll concentration is located. Further analysis also reveals that the Indian Ocean Dipole events have great impact on chlorophyll concentration in the tropical Indian Ocean. In the general successful simulation of chlorophyll concentration, most of the CMIP5 models present higher than normal chlorophyll concentration in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.41306206)the Basic Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institutes of China,Chinese Polar Environment Com-prehensive Investigation&Assessment Programmes(Grant nos.CHI-NARE2013-01-01,CHINARE2013-04-01),Projects IC2010011,A908-JK1006,and JDKC01-02supported by the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration,SOA,and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant no.2010CB950301)
文摘Historical surface drifter observations collected from the Southern Ocean are used to study the near-surface structure, variability, and energy characteristics of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). A strong, nearly zonal ACC combined with complex fronts dominates the circulation system in the Southern Ocean. Standard variance ellipses indicate that both the Agulhas Return Current and the East Australian Warm Current are stable supplements of the near-surface ACC, and that the anticyclonic gyre formed by the Brazil warm current and the Malvinas cold current is stable throughout the year. During austral winter, the current velocity increases because of the enhanced westerly wind. Aroused by the meridional motion of the ACC, the meridional velocity shows greater instability characteristics than the zonal velocity does over the core current. Additionally, the ACC exhibits an eastward declining trend in the core current velocity from southern Africa. The characteristics of the ACC are also argued from the perspective of energy. The energy distribution suggests that the mean kinetic energy (MKE), eddy kinetic energy (EKE), and are strong over the core currents of the ACC. However, in contrast, EKE/MKE suggests there is much less (more) eddy dissipation in regions with strong (weak) energy distribution. Both meridional and zonal energy variations are studied to illustrate additional details of the ACC energy characteristics. Generally, all the energy forms except EKE/MKE present west-east reducing trends, which coincide with the velocity statistics. Eddy dissipation has a much greater effect on MKE in the northern part of the Southern Ocean.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2017YFC1405100the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41406034the Basic Scientific Research Fund for National Public Institutes of China under contract No.GY0215P05
文摘The characteristics of currents and tidal currents in the Andaman Sea(AS) are studied during the second half of2016 using observed data from a moored acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP) deployed at 8.6°N, 95.6°E.During the observation period, the mean flow is 5–10 cm/s and largely southward. The root mean square and kinetic energies of the low and high frequency flows, which are divided by a cutoff period of 5 d, are at the same level, indicating their identical importance to the total current. A power spectrum analysis shows that intraseasonal oscillations, a tidal-related semilunar month signal, a semidiurnal tidal signal and periods of 3–4 d are prominent. The barocliny of an eddy kinetic energy is stronger than the mean kinetic energy, both of which are the strongest on the bottom and the weakest at 70 m depth. Residual currents are largely southward(northward) during the summer(winter) monsoon season. Two striking peaks of the southward flow cause the 80 d period of meridional currents. The first peak is part of a large-scale circulation, which enters the AS through the northern channel and exits through the southern channel, and the second peak is part of a local vortex. The 40 d oscillation of the zonal current is forced by geostrophic variations attributed to local and equatorial remote forcing. The tidal current is dominated by semidiurnal constituents, and among these, M2 and N2 are the top two largest major axes. Moreover, astronomical tidal constituents MM and MSF are also significant. Diurnal constituents are weak and shallow water tides are ignorable. The aims are to introduce the new current data observed in the AS and to provide initial insights for the tidal and residual currents in the Andaman Sea.
基金jointly funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC1405100)the Basic Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institutes of China(No.2017S02)+3 种基金the Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Program(Nos.GASI-IPOVAI-03,GASI-IPOVAI-02,GASI-02-IND-STSaut,and GASI-02-IND-STSwin)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2017M612166)the China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association Project(No.DY135-E2-4-02)the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers(No.U1406404)
文摘Tide gauge data are used to investigate sea level variability off the northwest coast of the South China Sea(SCS) in 2012,and a significant sea level elevation with a magnitude approaching 79 mm is observed.Analysis suggests that an abnormal sea surface heat flux and freshwater flux may have contributed to this abnormal rise in sea level,together with the remote influence of an ENSO event.Further investigation shows that the event was dominated by the positive freshwater flux,where large volumes of water entered the ocean,and a maximum is centered to the south of Guangdong province,China.Simultaneously,a positive anomalous heat flux occurred in the northwestern part of the SCS,which is considered to have made a positive contribution to the high local sea level elevation.In addition to the heat flux,the ENSO event also had a significant effect on the event,where the La Ni?a-induced northwest Pacific cyclone contributed to sea level rise over the northwestern SCS through dynamic and thermodynamic interactions.
基金The Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean under contract Nos 201205007-1 and 201405031Chinese Polar Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Programmes under contract Nos CHINARE-2014-03-01 and CHINARE2014-04-03the Polar Science Strategic Research Foundation of China under contract No.JD201101
文摘The diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton and the influence of upwelling on zooplankton biomass were examined using water column data of current velocity and mean volume backscattering strength (MVBS) collected by moored acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) deployed in the southeastern Chukchi Sea during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE) in summer 2012, combined with the satellite observational data such as sea surface temperature (SST), wind, and chlorophyll a (Chl a). Hourly acoustic data were continuously collected for 49-d in the mooring site. Spectral analysis indicated that there were different migrating patterns of zooplankton, even though precisely classifying the zooplankton taxa was not available. The prevailing 24-h cycle corresponded to the normal DVM with zooplankton swimming upwards at sunrise and returning to deep waters at sunset. There was a clear DVM in the upper 17 m of the water column during the period with distinct day-night cycles, and no active DVM throughout the water column when the sun above the horizon (polar day), suggesting that light intensity was the trigger for DVM. Also there was a second migrating pattern with 12-h cycle. The upwelling event occurring in the northwest of Alaskan coastal area had important influence on zooplankton biomass at the mooring site. During the upwelling, the SST close to the mooring site dropped significantly from maximal 6.35℃to minimal 1.31℃ within five days. Simultaneously, there was a rapid increase in the MVBS and Chl a level, suggesting the aggregation of zooplankton related to upwelling.
文摘1病例简介患者女,16岁,因“自服敌敌畏160 m L后1 h”于2021年12月1日15:03入平邑县人民医院急诊科。患者既往体健,无血小板减少症及其他引起血小板减少的病史,否认药物、食物过敏史。查体:体温37.6℃,呼吸频率161次/min,呼吸23次/min,血压112/65 mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133 k Pa);精神差,呼吸困难,意识不清,流延、大汗、肌肉震颤、恶心、呕吐、呕吐物为胃内容物伴刺鼻农药味,大小便失禁。
文摘目的:探讨白藜芦醇(Res)对热刺激诱导的小鼠心肌细胞(MCM)凋亡的保护作用。方法:复制热刺激诱导MCM凋亡模型。首先采用实时无标记细胞分析技术检测Res对MCM存活率的影响;然后采用Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD双染法检测不同浓度Res给药组对MCM凋亡率的影响。JC-1探针法检测线粒体膜电位,初步确证MCM凋亡依赖于线粒体凋亡途径。利用全自动荧光酶标仪检测荧光探针(Ac-LEHD)2-R110标记的Caspase-9相对表达量;利用流式细胞仪检测荧光探针TF2-DEVD-FMK标记的Caspase-3/7的相对表达量;Western Blot法检测Bax、Bcl-2、COXⅣ蛋白的表达;ELISA方法检测细胞色素C(Cyt-C)含量、比色法测定Cyt-C氧化酶活性。结果:与模型组比较,Res高剂量及中剂量组细胞凋亡率显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),各组均可显著改善线粒体膜电位(P<0.01),Res高剂量及低剂量组Cyt-C释放量显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),Res各组均可显著降低Caspase-9活性(P<0.01),R es高剂量组可显著降低Ca s p a s e-3/7活性(P<0.01),B c l-2/B ax比值显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),Res干预后Cyt-C氧化酶活性均升高但差异无统计学意义。结论:Res通过抑制线粒体凋亡途径缓解热刺激诱导的MCM凋亡。