Although climate change impacts and agricultural adaptations have been studied extensively, how smallholder farmers perceive climate change and adapt their agricultural activities is poorly understood. Survey-based da...Although climate change impacts and agricultural adaptations have been studied extensively, how smallholder farmers perceive climate change and adapt their agricultural activities is poorly understood. Survey-based data （presents farmers＇ personal perceptions and adaptations to climate change） associated with external biophysical-socioeconomic data （presents real-world climate change） were used to develop a farmer-centered framework to explore climate change impacts and agricultural adaptations at a local level. A case study at Bin County （1980s-2010s）, Northeast China, suggested that increased annual average temperature （0.6＆#176;C per decade） and decreased annual precipitation （46 mm per decade, both from meteorological datasets） were correctly perceived by 76 and 66.9%, respectively, of farmers from the survey, and that a longer growing season was conifrmed by 70%of them. These reasonably correct perceptions enabled local farmers to make appropriate adaptations to cope with climate change：Longer season alternative varieties were found for maize and rice, which led to a signiifcant yield increase for both crops. The longer season also affected crop choice：More farmers selected maize instead of soybean, as implicated from survey results by a large increase in the maize growing area. Comparing warming-related factors, we found that precipitation and agricultural disasters were the least likely causes for farmers＇ agricultural decisions. As a result, crop and variety selection, rather than disaster prevention and infrastructure improvement, was the most common ways for farmers to adapt to the notable warming trend in the study region.展开更多
Objective:To observe the improving effect of muscle regions of meridians needling method on the upper limb function in children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegic type.Methods:A total of 100 children with cereb...Objective:To observe the improving effect of muscle regions of meridians needling method on the upper limb function in children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegic type.Methods:A total of 100 children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegia type were divided into a treatment group and a control group according to the visiting sequence,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation plus conventional acupuncture treatment.The treatment group was treated with conventional rehabilitation plus muscle regions of meridians needling method.The electromyography(EMG)signal values of triceps brachii and pronator teres were detected before treatment,and 3 months and 6 months after treatment.The clinical efficacy was evaluated by Peabody developmental motor scale-fine motor(PDMS-FM)and fine motor function measure(FMFM).Results:Three and six months after treatment,the EMG signal values of triceps brachii and pronator teres,grasping scores and visual-motor integrated scores of PDMS-FM and the FMFM scores in both groups increased to varying degrees compared with the same group before treatment,and the intra-group differences were all statistically significant(all P<0.05).Six months after treatment,the results of the above three items in the treatment group were all better than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Muscle regions of meridians needling method added on the basis of conventional rehabilitation can effectively reduce the muscle tone of upper limb and enhance the muscle strength,and improve the upper limb function in children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegia type.The efficacy is superior to that of the conventional rehabilitation plus conventional acupuncture treatment.展开更多
Objective： To observe the effect of Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing needling technique on diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） in cerebral palsy （CP） children with periventricular leukomalacia （PVL） an...Objective： To observe the effect of Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing needling technique on diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） in cerebral palsy （CP） children with periventricular leukomalacia （PVL） and investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods： A total of 18 CP children with PVL received modern rehabilitation training and scalp acupuncture. The before-after study was conducted to compare the fractional anisotropy （FA） of the white matter fiber tracts, gross motor function measure （GMFM） score, Gesell developmental scale and changes in muscle tone. Results： For the comparison before and after the first course of treatment, there were no statistical differences in DTI findings and FA values （both P〉0.05）; there were statistical differences in GMFM dimensions A and B （both P〈0.05） and no statistical differences in dimensions C, D and E （all P〉0.05）; and there were statistical differences in six items of Gesell development test （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. For the comparison before and after two courses of treatment, there were statistical differences in DTI findings and FA values in 8 cases between before and after 30 and 60 treatments （both P〈0.05）; there were statistical differences in GMFM dimensions A, B and C between before and after 30 and 60 treatments and between 30 and 60 treatments （all P〈0.05）; there were no statistical differences in GMFM dimensions D and E （all P〉0.05）; and there were statistical differences in six items of Gesell developmental test between before, after 30 and 60 treatments and between 30 and 60 treatments （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion： The Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing scalp acupuncture has no significant efficacy on the repair and regeneration of white matter fibers in children with PVL and CP in a short period of time; however, it gradually works along with the prolonged treatment time. In addition, it can improve the motor function and mental development and the efficacy is closely associated with the time of treatment.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the effect of tuina on promoting neurodevelopment of premature infants with brain injury. Methods： A total of 82 cases who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into an intervention g...Objective： To investigate the effect of tuina on promoting neurodevelopment of premature infants with brain injury. Methods： A total of 82 cases who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into an intervention group and a control group. In addition to early conventional intervention （Chinese medicinal bath therapy and physical training）, specific tuina manipulations （aims to unblock the Governor Vessel, refresh the brain, benefit the kidney and strengthen the spleen） were combined in the intervention group, whereas comforting touch in the control group. The rehabilitation assessments were then made prior to treatment and three months after the treatment using Gross Motor Function Measure （GMFM）, Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II （BSID-II） and Gesell Developmental Schedules （GDS） based Developmental Quotient （DQ）. Results： The DQ in all GDS areas and scores of GMFM A and B dimensions were significantly increased in both groups after the treatment （P〈0.01）. The DQ and population mean of GMFM B dimension in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group, showing statistical differences （P〈0.05）. However, in terms of Mental Development Index （MDI） and Physical Development Index （PDI） in both groups, there were no statistical differences before and after treatments. Conclusion： Both methods combined with conventional early intervention can help to improve the mental and motor development of infants with brain injury. However, the specific tuina manipulations have been proved more effective in improving the infants＇ gross motor function, particularly the ＂sitting＂ item.展开更多
Objective： To observe the effect of Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture plus functional training on neural development in infants with brain damage and seek an effective method for early interv...Objective： To observe the effect of Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture plus functional training on neural development in infants with brain damage and seek an effective method for early intervention of infantile brain damage. Methods： Eighty infants with brain injury were recruited and allocated to a treatment group and a control group by their visiting sequence, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received exercise training, 40 min each session and 6 sessions a week, and tuina treatment, 30 min each time and 6 times a week. Based on the treatment protocol for the control group, the treatment group additionally received Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture, 3 times a week and 10 sessions as a course at a 2-week interval. Before the treatment and after 14-week treatment, the gross motor function measure （GMFM） and developmental quotient （DQ） of Bejing Gesell developmental scale were used to evaluate the development of the infants. Results： After the treatment, the GMFM score and DOs of Gesell scale all increased by different levels in the two groups, and the intra-group differences were statistically significant （all P〈0.05）; the scores of the treatment group were superior to those of the control group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture plus functional training can significantly promote the development of gross motor and cognitive functions in infants with brain damage, and it is an early and effective intervention for infantile brain damage.展开更多
基金financed by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB951504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41271112 and 40930101)the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of CAAS(IARRP-2014-16)
文摘Although climate change impacts and agricultural adaptations have been studied extensively, how smallholder farmers perceive climate change and adapt their agricultural activities is poorly understood. Survey-based data （presents farmers＇ personal perceptions and adaptations to climate change） associated with external biophysical-socioeconomic data （presents real-world climate change） were used to develop a farmer-centered framework to explore climate change impacts and agricultural adaptations at a local level. A case study at Bin County （1980s-2010s）, Northeast China, suggested that increased annual average temperature （0.6＆#176;C per decade） and decreased annual precipitation （46 mm per decade, both from meteorological datasets） were correctly perceived by 76 and 66.9%, respectively, of farmers from the survey, and that a longer growing season was conifrmed by 70%of them. These reasonably correct perceptions enabled local farmers to make appropriate adaptations to cope with climate change：Longer season alternative varieties were found for maize and rice, which led to a signiifcant yield increase for both crops. The longer season also affected crop choice：More farmers selected maize instead of soybean, as implicated from survey results by a large increase in the maize growing area. Comparing warming-related factors, we found that precipitation and agricultural disasters were the least likely causes for farmers＇ agricultural decisions. As a result, crop and variety selection, rather than disaster prevention and infrastructure improvement, was the most common ways for farmers to adapt to the notable warming trend in the study region.
文摘Objective:To observe the improving effect of muscle regions of meridians needling method on the upper limb function in children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegic type.Methods:A total of 100 children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegia type were divided into a treatment group and a control group according to the visiting sequence,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation plus conventional acupuncture treatment.The treatment group was treated with conventional rehabilitation plus muscle regions of meridians needling method.The electromyography(EMG)signal values of triceps brachii and pronator teres were detected before treatment,and 3 months and 6 months after treatment.The clinical efficacy was evaluated by Peabody developmental motor scale-fine motor(PDMS-FM)and fine motor function measure(FMFM).Results:Three and six months after treatment,the EMG signal values of triceps brachii and pronator teres,grasping scores and visual-motor integrated scores of PDMS-FM and the FMFM scores in both groups increased to varying degrees compared with the same group before treatment,and the intra-group differences were all statistically significant(all P<0.05).Six months after treatment,the results of the above three items in the treatment group were all better than those in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Muscle regions of meridians needling method added on the basis of conventional rehabilitation can effectively reduce the muscle tone of upper limb and enhance the muscle strength,and improve the upper limb function in children with cerebral palsy of spastic hemiplegia type.The efficacy is superior to that of the conventional rehabilitation plus conventional acupuncture treatment.
基金supported by Projects of Guangdong Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.201108179,No.20131055~~
文摘Objective： To observe the effect of Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing needling technique on diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） in cerebral palsy （CP） children with periventricular leukomalacia （PVL） and investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods： A total of 18 CP children with PVL received modern rehabilitation training and scalp acupuncture. The before-after study was conducted to compare the fractional anisotropy （FA） of the white matter fiber tracts, gross motor function measure （GMFM） score, Gesell developmental scale and changes in muscle tone. Results： For the comparison before and after the first course of treatment, there were no statistical differences in DTI findings and FA values （both P〉0.05）; there were statistical differences in GMFM dimensions A and B （both P〈0.05） and no statistical differences in dimensions C, D and E （all P〉0.05）; and there were statistical differences in six items of Gesell development test （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. For the comparison before and after two courses of treatment, there were statistical differences in DTI findings and FA values in 8 cases between before and after 30 and 60 treatments （both P〈0.05）; there were statistical differences in GMFM dimensions A, B and C between before and after 30 and 60 treatments and between 30 and 60 treatments （all P〈0.05）; there were no statistical differences in GMFM dimensions D and E （all P〉0.05）; and there were statistical differences in six items of Gesell developmental test between before, after 30 and 60 treatments and between 30 and 60 treatments （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion： The Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing scalp acupuncture has no significant efficacy on the repair and regeneration of white matter fibers in children with PVL and CP in a short period of time; however, it gradually works along with the prolonged treatment time. In addition, it can improve the motor function and mental development and the efficacy is closely associated with the time of treatment.
基金supported by Guangdong ProvincialNatural Science Foundation (5002028)
文摘Objective： To investigate the effect of tuina on promoting neurodevelopment of premature infants with brain injury. Methods： A total of 82 cases who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into an intervention group and a control group. In addition to early conventional intervention （Chinese medicinal bath therapy and physical training）, specific tuina manipulations （aims to unblock the Governor Vessel, refresh the brain, benefit the kidney and strengthen the spleen） were combined in the intervention group, whereas comforting touch in the control group. The rehabilitation assessments were then made prior to treatment and three months after the treatment using Gross Motor Function Measure （GMFM）, Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II （BSID-II） and Gesell Developmental Schedules （GDS） based Developmental Quotient （DQ）. Results： The DQ in all GDS areas and scores of GMFM A and B dimensions were significantly increased in both groups after the treatment （P〈0.01）. The DQ and population mean of GMFM B dimension in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group, showing statistical differences （P〈0.05）. However, in terms of Mental Development Index （MDI） and Physical Development Index （PDI） in both groups, there were no statistical differences before and after treatments. Conclusion： Both methods combined with conventional early intervention can help to improve the mental and motor development of infants with brain injury. However, the specific tuina manipulations have been proved more effective in improving the infants＇ gross motor function, particularly the ＂sitting＂ item.
文摘Objective： To observe the effect of Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture plus functional training on neural development in infants with brain damage and seek an effective method for early intervention of infantile brain damage. Methods： Eighty infants with brain injury were recruited and allocated to a treatment group and a control group by their visiting sequence, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received exercise training, 40 min each session and 6 sessions a week, and tuina treatment, 30 min each time and 6 times a week. Based on the treatment protocol for the control group, the treatment group additionally received Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture, 3 times a week and 10 sessions as a course at a 2-week interval. Before the treatment and after 14-week treatment, the gross motor function measure （GMFM） and developmental quotient （DQ） of Bejing Gesell developmental scale were used to evaluate the development of the infants. Results： After the treatment, the GMFM score and DOs of Gesell scale all increased by different levels in the two groups, and the intra-group differences were statistically significant （all P〈0.05）; the scores of the treatment group were superior to those of the control group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Governor Vessel-unblocking and mind-refreshing acupuncture plus functional training can significantly promote the development of gross motor and cognitive functions in infants with brain damage, and it is an early and effective intervention for infantile brain damage.
