In this paper, the decomposition of SU(2) gauge potential in terms of Pauli spinor is studied. Using this decomposition, the spinor structures of Chern Simons form and the Chern density are obtained. Furthermore, the ...In this paper, the decomposition of SU(2) gauge potential in terms of Pauli spinor is studied. Using this decomposition, the spinor structures of Chern Simons form and the Chern density are obtained. Furthermore, the knot quantum number of non-Abelian gauge theory can be expressed by the Chern-Simons spinor structure, and the second Chern number is characterized by the Hopf indices and the Brouwer degrees of Φ-mapping.展开更多
Nitric oxide (NO) and Jasmonic acid (JA) are two key signaling molecules involved in many and diverse biological pathways in plants. Growing evidence suggested that NO signaling interacts with JA signaling. In this wo...Nitric oxide (NO) and Jasmonic acid (JA) are two key signaling molecules involved in many and diverse biological pathways in plants. Growing evidence suggested that NO signaling interacts with JA signaling. In this work, Our experiment showed that NO exists in guard cell of Vicia faba L., and NO is involved in signal transduction of JA- induced stomata closuring: (ⅰ) JA enhances NO synthesis in guard cell; (ⅱ) both JA and NO induced stomatal closure, and had dose response to their effects; (ⅲ) there are synergetic correlation between JA and lower NO concentration in regu- lation of stomatal movement; (ⅳ) JA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetrame- thylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scav- enger. An inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS) in mammalian cells, NG-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME) also inhibits plant NOS, repressing JA-induced NO generation and JA-induced stomatal closure. We presumed that NO mainly comes from NOS after JA treatment.展开更多
The effects and the relationship between sali-cylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) on Vicia faba L. stomatal movement were studied. The results here showed that exogenous SA and NO induced stomatal closure, 100 mmol/...The effects and the relationship between sali-cylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) on Vicia faba L. stomatal movement were studied. The results here showed that exogenous SA and NO induced stomatal closure, 100 mmol/L SA induced a rapid and striking NO increase in the cytosol of guard cells. This phenomenon was largely pre- vented by 200 mmol/L 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimida- zoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scavenger, and 25 mmol/L NG-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME), an in- hibitor of NO synthase (NOS) in mammalian cells that also inhibits plant NOS. In addition, SA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by PTIO and L-NAME. These results provide evidence that guard cells generate NO in response to SA via NOS-like activity, and that such NO production is required for full stomatal closure in response to SA. H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazole-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, and nicotinamide, an antago- nist of cADPR production, inhibited the effects of SA- and NO-induced stomatal closure. It suggests that both cGMP and cADPR might mediate the signal transduction of SA and NO-induced stomatal closure.展开更多
Although protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) play an important role in signal transduction in animal cells, little is known about the function of PTPases in higher plants. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and mito- gen-ac...Although protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) play an important role in signal transduction in animal cells, little is known about the function of PTPases in higher plants. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and mito- gen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are the critical com- ponents of ABA signaling pathway in guard cells. PTPase is an important regulator of MAPK, which is believed to medi- ate ABA-induced H2O2 generation in guard cells of Vicia faba L. Here, we investigate the possible role of PTPases in stomatal movement process. Phenylarsine oxide (PAO), a specific inhibitor of PTPases, could prevent ABA or H2O2-induced stomatal closure of Vicia faba L; furthermore, it could promote opening of the stomata closed by ABA or H2O2. The activity of PTPases can be effectively inhibited by PAO and H2O2. DTT had no effect on the PAO-induced inhi- bition of PTPases activity, but it could relieve the inhibition of H2O2 on PTPases activity. PAO could also inhibit the ABA-induced H2O2 generation in guard cells of Vicia faba L. These results suggested that PTPases is a critical signaling component in ABA-induced stomatal closure, and serve as targets for H2O2 lying on the signaling pathways downstream of ABA induced H2O2 generation.展开更多
文摘In this paper, the decomposition of SU(2) gauge potential in terms of Pauli spinor is studied. Using this decomposition, the spinor structures of Chern Simons form and the Chern density are obtained. Furthermore, the knot quantum number of non-Abelian gauge theory can be expressed by the Chern-Simons spinor structure, and the second Chern number is characterized by the Hopf indices and the Brouwer degrees of Φ-mapping.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30370141)Doctor's Fund of College&University Education(Grant No.2002001918)Fund of Education Department of Shandong Province(Grant No.J04C13).
文摘Nitric oxide (NO) and Jasmonic acid (JA) are two key signaling molecules involved in many and diverse biological pathways in plants. Growing evidence suggested that NO signaling interacts with JA signaling. In this work, Our experiment showed that NO exists in guard cell of Vicia faba L., and NO is involved in signal transduction of JA- induced stomata closuring: (ⅰ) JA enhances NO synthesis in guard cell; (ⅱ) both JA and NO induced stomatal closure, and had dose response to their effects; (ⅲ) there are synergetic correlation between JA and lower NO concentration in regu- lation of stomatal movement; (ⅳ) JA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetrame- thylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scav- enger. An inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS) in mammalian cells, NG-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME) also inhibits plant NOS, repressing JA-induced NO generation and JA-induced stomatal closure. We presumed that NO mainly comes from NOS after JA treatment.
基金the National KeyBasic Research Special Funds of China (Grant No. G1999011700)
文摘The effects and the relationship between sali-cylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) on Vicia faba L. stomatal movement were studied. The results here showed that exogenous SA and NO induced stomatal closure, 100 mmol/L SA induced a rapid and striking NO increase in the cytosol of guard cells. This phenomenon was largely pre- vented by 200 mmol/L 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimida- zoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO), a specific NO scavenger, and 25 mmol/L NG-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME), an in- hibitor of NO synthase (NOS) in mammalian cells that also inhibits plant NOS. In addition, SA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by PTIO and L-NAME. These results provide evidence that guard cells generate NO in response to SA via NOS-like activity, and that such NO production is required for full stomatal closure in response to SA. H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazole-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, and nicotinamide, an antago- nist of cADPR production, inhibited the effects of SA- and NO-induced stomatal closure. It suggests that both cGMP and cADPR might mediate the signal transduction of SA and NO-induced stomatal closure.
文摘Although protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) play an important role in signal transduction in animal cells, little is known about the function of PTPases in higher plants. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and mito- gen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are the critical com- ponents of ABA signaling pathway in guard cells. PTPase is an important regulator of MAPK, which is believed to medi- ate ABA-induced H2O2 generation in guard cells of Vicia faba L. Here, we investigate the possible role of PTPases in stomatal movement process. Phenylarsine oxide (PAO), a specific inhibitor of PTPases, could prevent ABA or H2O2-induced stomatal closure of Vicia faba L; furthermore, it could promote opening of the stomata closed by ABA or H2O2. The activity of PTPases can be effectively inhibited by PAO and H2O2. DTT had no effect on the PAO-induced inhi- bition of PTPases activity, but it could relieve the inhibition of H2O2 on PTPases activity. PAO could also inhibit the ABA-induced H2O2 generation in guard cells of Vicia faba L. These results suggested that PTPases is a critical signaling component in ABA-induced stomatal closure, and serve as targets for H2O2 lying on the signaling pathways downstream of ABA induced H2O2 generation.
