【目的】南方根结线虫是威胁桃产业绿色发展的地下主要害虫,开发抗性分子标记,对抗性砧木分子育种具有重要意义。【方法】根据前人对桃砧木抗根结线虫的定位结果,在GDR网站peach genome V2.0查询定位区间的候选基因。在5个抗病、5个感...【目的】南方根结线虫是威胁桃产业绿色发展的地下主要害虫,开发抗性分子标记,对抗性砧木分子育种具有重要意义。【方法】根据前人对桃砧木抗根结线虫的定位结果,在GDR网站peach genome V2.0查询定位区间的候选基因。在5个抗病、5个感病种质中扩增候选基因,并通过DNAMAN、IGV等软件对候选基因进行序列差异分析,开发抗南方根结线虫KASP分子标记,在抗性种质筑波3号与感性种质哈露红的杂交F2群体中对该分子标记进行验证,并与前人开发的SCAR和35 bp indel抗南方根结线虫分子标记的准确性进行比较。【结果】KASP标记结果将基因型划分为3种,分别为抗性纯合型(A),抗性杂合型(B),感性纯合型(C),A∶B∶C=42∶94∶64,与表型符合率为88.5%;SCAR标记检测结果划分为2种,分别为抗病型(A1)和感病型(C1),A1∶C1=135∶65,与表型符合率为87.0%;35 bp indel分子标记分为3种类型,分别为抗性纯合型(A2),抗性杂合型(B2),感性纯合型(C2),A2∶B2∶C2=1∶154∶45,与表型符合率为52.0%。【结论】本研究中开发的KASP标记提高了分子标记选择准确率,对抗南方根结线虫分子育种具有重要意义。展开更多
Field experiments were conducted on three main soils, brown soil, meadow soil and cinnamon soil, of Shandong Province to study the effect of plastic greenhouse gardening on soil salt contents. As compared to the open ...Field experiments were conducted on three main soils, brown soil, meadow soil and cinnamon soil, of Shandong Province to study the effect of plastic greenhouse gardening on soil salt contents. As compared to the open fields, the soil nutrient contents in the fields under plastic greenhouse gardening all increased significantly. The organic matter, quickly available N and P increases were extremely significant and the quickly available K increase was also significant. Along with the nutrient increases the soil salt contents increased clearly in all the soils investigated not only in the top layer but also in the deeper layers, being extremely significant in the 0～10 cm layer and significant in the 10～40 cm layers. The salt contents in the plastic greenhouses had significant correlations with the soil available nitrogen and phosphorous. Soils with longer plastic greenhouse gardening time tended to have more salt. The plastic greenhouse soils contained less CO-3～(2-) and much more NO-3 than the open soils, which indicated a higher influence of human intervention in plastic greenhouses. Among the constituent ions, Cl～(-), NO-3～(-) , Ca～(2+) and Mg～(2+) had positive while HCO-3～(-) had negative significant or extremely significant correlations with total salt, with correlation coefficients being 0.66*, 0.80**, 0.92**, 0.80** and -0.64* , respectively. Nitrate decreased from the top to deeper layers both in the plastic greenhouses and in the open fields. The plastic greenhouse soils contained much more nitrate than the open fields in every layer and even the nitrate contents of the 80～l00 cm layer were still several times those of the top layer in the open fields. The main reason for the salt increases was considered to be the inappropriate fertilization and selective absorption of nutrients by plants in the plastic greenhouses. The methods recommended to avoid soil salt increase in the plastic greenhouses were to apply fertilizers rationally according to the soils, vegetables and fertilizer properties and to adopt a good intercropping or rotation system.展开更多
文摘【目的】南方根结线虫是威胁桃产业绿色发展的地下主要害虫,开发抗性分子标记,对抗性砧木分子育种具有重要意义。【方法】根据前人对桃砧木抗根结线虫的定位结果,在GDR网站peach genome V2.0查询定位区间的候选基因。在5个抗病、5个感病种质中扩增候选基因,并通过DNAMAN、IGV等软件对候选基因进行序列差异分析,开发抗南方根结线虫KASP分子标记,在抗性种质筑波3号与感性种质哈露红的杂交F2群体中对该分子标记进行验证,并与前人开发的SCAR和35 bp indel抗南方根结线虫分子标记的准确性进行比较。【结果】KASP标记结果将基因型划分为3种,分别为抗性纯合型(A),抗性杂合型(B),感性纯合型(C),A∶B∶C=42∶94∶64,与表型符合率为88.5%;SCAR标记检测结果划分为2种,分别为抗病型(A1)和感病型(C1),A1∶C1=135∶65,与表型符合率为87.0%;35 bp indel分子标记分为3种类型,分别为抗性纯合型(A2),抗性杂合型(B2),感性纯合型(C2),A2∶B2∶C2=1∶154∶45,与表型符合率为52.0%。【结论】本研究中开发的KASP标记提高了分子标记选择准确率,对抗南方根结线虫分子育种具有重要意义。
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China.
文摘Field experiments were conducted on three main soils, brown soil, meadow soil and cinnamon soil, of Shandong Province to study the effect of plastic greenhouse gardening on soil salt contents. As compared to the open fields, the soil nutrient contents in the fields under plastic greenhouse gardening all increased significantly. The organic matter, quickly available N and P increases were extremely significant and the quickly available K increase was also significant. Along with the nutrient increases the soil salt contents increased clearly in all the soils investigated not only in the top layer but also in the deeper layers, being extremely significant in the 0～10 cm layer and significant in the 10～40 cm layers. The salt contents in the plastic greenhouses had significant correlations with the soil available nitrogen and phosphorous. Soils with longer plastic greenhouse gardening time tended to have more salt. The plastic greenhouse soils contained less CO-3～(2-) and much more NO-3 than the open soils, which indicated a higher influence of human intervention in plastic greenhouses. Among the constituent ions, Cl～(-), NO-3～(-) , Ca～(2+) and Mg～(2+) had positive while HCO-3～(-) had negative significant or extremely significant correlations with total salt, with correlation coefficients being 0.66*, 0.80**, 0.92**, 0.80** and -0.64* , respectively. Nitrate decreased from the top to deeper layers both in the plastic greenhouses and in the open fields. The plastic greenhouse soils contained much more nitrate than the open fields in every layer and even the nitrate contents of the 80～l00 cm layer were still several times those of the top layer in the open fields. The main reason for the salt increases was considered to be the inappropriate fertilization and selective absorption of nutrients by plants in the plastic greenhouses. The methods recommended to avoid soil salt increase in the plastic greenhouses were to apply fertilizers rationally according to the soils, vegetables and fertilizer properties and to adopt a good intercropping or rotation system.
