CNN-LSTM based incremental attention mechanism enabled phase-space reconstruction for chaotic time series prediction

To improve the prediction accuracy of chaotic time series and reconstruct a more reasonable phase space structure of the prediction network,we propose a convolutional neural network-long short-term memory(CNN-LSTM)prediction model based on the incremental attention mechanism.Firstly,a traversal search is conducted through the traversal layer for finite parameters in the phase space.Then,an incremental attention layer is utilized for parameter judgment based on the dimension weight criteria(DWC).The phase space parameters that best meet DWC are selected and fed into the input layer.Finally,the constructed CNN-LSTM network extracts spatio-temporal features and provides the final prediction results.The model is verified using Logistic,Lorenz,and sunspot chaotic time series,and the performance is compared from the two dimensions of prediction accuracy and network phase space structure.Additionally,the CNN-LSTM network based on incremental attention is compared with long short-term memory(LSTM),convolutional neural network(CNN),recurrent neural network(RNN),and support vector regression(SVR)for prediction accuracy.The experiment results indicate that the proposed composite network model possesses enhanced capability in extracting temporal features and achieves higher prediction accuracy.Also,the algorithm to estimate the phase space parameter is compared with the traditional CAO,false nearest neighbor,and C-C,three typical methods for determining the chaotic phase space parameters.The experiments reveal that the phase space parameter estimation algorithm based on the incremental attention mechanism is superior in prediction accuracy compared with the traditional phase space reconstruction method in five networks,including CNN-LSTM,LSTM,CNN,RNN,and SVR.

Design of functionalized fluorescent ionic liquid and its application for achieving significant improvements in Al^3t detecting

Specific fluorophore was introduced into ionic liquid based on its tunability,thus a kind of novel fluorescent ionic liquid probe[P66614][HQS]was designed,synthesized and characterized.Compared with non-fluorescent HQS,ionic liquid[P66614][HQS]emitted a certain amount of fluorescence,which could be attributed to the well-delocalized frontier orbitals and its charge transfer character,as demonstrated by quantum chemical calculation.Considering the interaction of[P66614][HQS]with metal ions,the application for detecting specific substance as a chemical sensor,such as Al3+was investigated.Compared with the traditional probe HQS,significant improvements in Al^3+detecting was achieved by[P66614][HQS]with stronger binding ability,better sensitivity and selectivity.The better performance of[P66614][HQS]was contributed to the changed charge distribution,leading to the stronger binding interaction.We believe that this new fluorescent ionic liquid exhibited unique properties in detecting Al^3+in aqueous solution,which would broaden the application of ionic liquids.

A succinct enhanced luminescence strategy for fluorescent ionic liquids and the application for detecting CO_(2)

An interesting phenomenon was found that fluorophore was introduced into ionic liquid(IL)to magnify fluorescence signal via the thermally activated delayed fluorescence process;thus up to 15 fold enhancements were achieved.Hence,we reported a succinct enhanced luminescence strategy to reduce single-triplet energy split by the tunability of ILs.This strategy could be extended to more kinds of ILs by the virtue of a preliminary DFT calculation screening.Moreover,the optical feature of IL sensor made it a promising candidate as a gas fluorescence sensor.

Underexpression of PpDXS1 gene decreased plant height and resulted in altered accumulation of phytohormones in Kentucky bluegrass

1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase(DXS)catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of the plastidic 2-C-methyl-D-derythritol-4-phosphate(MEP)pathway which regulates the synthesis of terpenoids,such as gibberellins,abscisic acid,and chlorophyll.The objective of this study was to determine the functional role of PpDXS1 in plant growth and development in Kentucky bluegrass(Poa pratensis L.).The PpDXS1 gene has a 2139 bp open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 712 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 76.7 kDa.PpDXS1 gene expression was the highest in leaves.Moreover,the PpDXS1 promoter contained several hormone response elements and gene expression was induced by exogenous treatment with gibberellin,abscisic acid,jasmonate,and pathogen infection.Functional analysis indicated that underexpression of PpDXS1 gene in Poa pratensis decreased plant height and endogenous gibberellin and indole acetic acid production,but promoted abscisic acid accumulation.Furthermore,transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of related genes involved in the phytohormone biosynthesis and signal transduction were differentially regulated by PpDXS1 in transgenic Poa pratensis.Overall,these results indicated that PpDXS1 has strong effects on plant height and accumulation of phytohormones,and provided a preliminary understanding of molecular characterization,expression and function of PpDXS1 in Poa pratensis.

空调外机出库自动化生产线设计

针对现有空调外机在下料出库中生产效率低等问题,本文根据某空调生产企业厂房及工艺流程,规划并设计空调外机自动化出库生产线。该自动化出库生产由空铲板输送线、AGV配送单元、搬运机器人系统、自动缠绕单元、打包带视觉识别系统组成,并对各部分组成进行详细的设计与选型。最后基于PLC软件,对整个生产线进行控制系统设计,以实现空调外机出库生产线的自动化。根据实际生产表明,该生产线性能可靠、运行稳定,能满足空调外机的自动化出库生产要求,提高生产效率,减少人工成本。

Lithium nitrate regulated carbonate electrolytes for practical Li-metal batteries: Mechanisms, principles and strategies

Li-metal batteries(LMBs)regain research prominence owing to the ever-increasing high-energy requirements.Commercially available carbonate electrolytes exhibit unfavourable parasitic reactions with Limetal anode(LMA),leading to the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)and the breed of Li dendrites/dead Li.Significantly,lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3)),an excellent film-forming additive,proves crucial to construct a robust Li_(3)N/Li_(2)O/Li_(x)NO_(y)-rich SEI after combining with ether-based electrolytes.Thus,the given challenge leads to natural ideas which suggest the incorporation of LiNO_(3) into commercial carbonate for practical LMBs.Regrettably,LiNO_(3) demonstrates limited solubility(~800 ppm)in commercial carbonate electrolytes.Thence,developing stable SEI and dendrite-free LMA with the incorporation of LiNO_(3) into carbonate electrolytes is an efficacious strategy to realize robust LMBs via a scalable and cost-effective route.Therefore,this review unravels the grievances between LMA,LiNO_(3)and carbonate electrolytes,and enables a comprehensive analysis of LMA stabilizing mechanism with LiNO_(3),dissolution principle of LiNO_(3) in carbonate electrolytes,and LiNO_(3) introduction strategies.This review converges attention on a point that the LiNO_(3)-introduction into commercial carbonate electrolytes is an imperious choice to realize practical LMBs with commercial 4 V layered cathode.

Probing the processing of facial expressions in monkeys via time perception and eye tracking

Accurately recognizing facial expressions is essential for effective social interactions.Non-human primates(NHPs)are widely used in the study of the neural mechanisms underpinning facial expression processing,yet it remains unclear how well monkeys can recognize the facial expressions of other species such as humans.In this study,we systematically investigated how monkeys process the facial expressions of conspecifics and humans using eye-tracking technology and sophisticated behavioral tasks,namely the temporal discrimination task(TDT)and face scan task(FST).We found that monkeys showed prolonged subjective time perception in response to Negative facial expressions in monkeys while showing longer reaction time to Negative facial expressions in humans.Monkey faces also reliably induced divergent pupil contraction in response to different expressions,while human faces and scrambled monkey faces did not.Furthermore,viewing patterns in the FST indicated that monkeys only showed bias toward emotional expressions upon observing monkey faces.Finally,masking the eye region marginally decreased the viewing duration for monkey faces but not for human faces.By probing facial expression processing in monkeys,our study demonstrates that monkeys are more sensitive to the facial expressions of conspecifics than those of humans,thus shedding new light on inter-species communication through facial expressions between NHPs and humans.

数控加工中的在线测量技术应用

在数控加工高精度的趋势下,结合在线测量技术,实时监测加工运行情况是制造业发展的必经之路。本文阐述了当前在数控加工中的在线测量技术应用,包括在线测量技术的发展经历、基本流程、工艺原理和误差情况分析,当前在数控加工方面的应用领域及未来的发展趋势,有利于在线测量技术在数控加工领域的发展应用。

从韦氏拼音到汉语拼音:北美图书馆拼音转换项目的回顾与思考

北美图书馆使用汉语拼音仅有20余年的历史。北美图书馆在20世纪50年代之前并未采用统一的汉字罗马化标准,从20世纪50年代末才开始普遍使用韦氏拼音对中文资料进行编目。2000年至2001年期间,美国图书馆成功地将上千万条编目记录中的中文罗马字从韦氏拼音转换为汉语拼音。这一拼音转换项目从最初开始讨论到具体实施和完成,乃至随后的清理工作,时间跨度之长、合作范围之广,以及具体工作之繁杂,都在北美图书馆人心中留下了不可磨灭的印记。在此项目完成20周年的时刻,通过采访当年参与拼音转换项目的12位图书馆员,根据他们的口述回忆从不同的角度回顾项目开始和完成情况,思考其中的得与失。利用有关的历史文献资料和馆员口述访谈录考察和分析北美拼音转换项目的历史,可以总结这一项目的重大意义,并从中获得对未来的启示。同时借此文向参与此项目的同仁前辈致敬。

Optical coherence tomography enhanced depth imaging of chorioretinal folds in patients with orbital tumors

AIM:To characterize spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)features of chorioretinal folds in orbital mass imaged using enhanced depth imaging(EDI).METHODS:Prospective observational case-control study was conducted in 20 eyes of 20 patients,the uninvolved eye served as a control.All the patients underwent clinical fundus photography,computed tomography,EDI SDOCT imaging before and after surgery.Two patients with cavernous hemangiomas underwent intratumoral injection of bleomycin A5;the remaining patients underwent tumor excision.Patients were followed 1 to 14mo following surgery(average follow up,5.8mo).RESULTS:Visual acuity prior to surgery ranged from 20/20 to 20/200.Following surgery,5 patients’visual acuity remained unchanged while the remaining 15 patients had a mean letter improvement of 10(range 4 to 26 letters).Photoreceptor inner/outer segment defects were found in 10 of 15 patients prior to surgery.Following surgical excision,photoreceptor inner/outer segment defects fully resolved in 8 of these 10 patients.CONCLUSION:Persistence of photoreceptor inner/outer segment defects caused by compression of the globe by an orbital mass can be associated with reduced visual prognosis.Our findings suggest that photoreceptor inner/outer segment defects on EDI SD-OCT could be an indicator for immediate surgical excision of an orbital mass causing choroidal compression.

Adjuvant therapy for orbital non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma:comparison of long-term outcome between radiotherapy and chemotherapy

AIM:To illustrate clinicopathological features of orbital non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma(NRSTS),and to compare the treatment outcome between postoperative radiotherapy(RT) and chemotherapy in a retrospective analysis nearly 20y.METHODS:A retrospective cohort study of 56 patients with orbital NRSTS were reviewed,34 of whom received postoperative RT,and 22 received postoperative chemotherapy.The clinicopathological features,local recurrence,metastases,and survival data were recorded.Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS:During follow-up(111.8mo,ranged 8-233mo) for 56 patients,19 patients of them developed local recurrence,and 7 patients developed distant metastases.Fifteen patients died during follow-up period.Overall survival rates considering the whole study group was 78.57% at 5y,and 72.16% at 10y after the initial diagnosis.Compared with chemotherapy,RT was associated with lower risk of local recurrence [hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.263,95% confidence interval(CI),0.095-0.728,P=0.0015];with lower risk of distant metastasis(hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.073,95%CI,0.015-0.364,P=0.0014);and with lower risk of death from disease(hazard ratio for RT vs chemotherapy,0.066,95%CI,0.022-0.200,P<0.0001).The 5-year survival rate in RT group was 97.06% compared to 50% in chemotherapy group.CONCLUSION:In patients with orbital NRSTS,postoperative RT provides better control of local recurrence,distant metastasis,and death from disease than chemotherapy.RT is the more preferrable adjuvant therapy compared to chemotherapy possibly.

江苏省监测地区≥40岁居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病知识知晓情况及其影响因素分析

目的了解江苏省监测地区≥40岁居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病知识知晓情况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,2015年7—12月在江苏省6个监测点抽取3600名≥40岁居民进行问卷调查,采用复杂抽样加权方法估计人群COPD知识知晓水平及其95%CI,并采用多因素Logistic回归模型对其影响因素进行分析。结果江苏省监测地区≥40岁居民COPD疾病名称知晓率为10.8%(95%CI:6.3%~15.3%),肺功能检查知晓率为4.7%(95%CI:2.6%~6.7%),COPD相关知识知晓率为7.4%(95%CI:3.9%~11.0%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,文化程度、从事职业和个人疾病史与上述3个知晓率均相关(P<0.05)。COPD疾病名称知晓途径比例居前3位的是电视(37.4%)、医院/医生(34.8%)和亲戚朋友(26.9%)。在COPD症状中,气短/呼吸困难的知晓率最高(70.4%);在COPD危险因素中,吸烟、二手烟、室内装修化学材料、职业粉尘和有害气体的知晓率较高(均>83.0%)。结论江苏省≥40岁居民COPD知识知晓率偏低,应积极采取措施加大宣传教育力度,全面提高居民COPD知识水平。

不同程度远视屈光参差性弱视的波前像差特点

目的:评估不同程度远视屈光参差性弱视的波前像差特点。方法:远视屈光参差性弱视60例被纳入本研究,并被分成轻、中、重度三组,各组按矫正视力再分为弱视眼与对侧眼亚组。所有患者双眼均接受散瞳后波前像差检测。分析组内和组间双眼间波前像差差异。结果:轻、中、重度弱视各组内弱视眼与对侧眼的等效离焦度、矫正视力均有差异(P<0.01)。轻度弱视患者中,弱视眼仅四阶像差RMS值高于对侧眼(P<0.01);中、重度弱视组内弱视眼仅总像差RMS值高于对侧眼(均P<0.01)。三组间仅双眼间三阶像差RMS差值有差异(P<0.01),中度与轻度、重度组间均有差异(P<0.05)。结论:散瞳状态下,双眼间波前像差在轻度弱视表现为弱视眼四阶像差RMS值高于对侧眼,在中、重度弱视表现为弱视眼的总像差RMS值高于对侧眼;双眼间波前像差RMS差值在屈光参差性弱视表现为中度弱视的三阶像差RMS差值低于轻度、重度弱视。

血清胃蛋白酶原、胃泌素-17及肿瘤标记物联合检测在胃癌筛查和诊断中的价值

目的:研究胃蛋白酶原、胃泌素-17、肿瘤标记物联合检测在胃癌筛查和诊断中的价值。方法:收集包头市肿瘤医院2018年8月至2019年2月消化科及腹部外科门诊和住院患者,经电子胃镜及活组织病理检查确诊胃癌患者30例为观察组,健康体检者及良性胃病患者共50例为对照组;检测两组血清中胃蛋白酶原(PG-Ⅰ、PG-Ⅱ、PG-Ⅰ/PG-Ⅱ)、胃泌素-17(GS-17)水平及癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、糖类抗原72-4(CA72-4)、糖类抗原12-5(CA12-5)等肿瘤标记物(TM)的水平,进行统计学分析。结果:胃癌患者中各血清标记物水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肿瘤标记物联合检测的敏感性与单项检测相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:血清胃蛋白酶原、胃泌素-17及肿瘤标记物联合检测可提高胃癌诊断准确性,在胃癌筛查中具有较高的临床价值。

合并及不合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停脑卒中患者的咽部MRI分析

目的通过对脑卒中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（Obstructive Sleep Apnea,OSA）患者与非OSA患者咽部形态进行比较,了解咽部形态与脑卒中OSA的关系。方法发病30 d内的脑卒中患者入院后夜间行多导睡眠图监测后分为脑卒中OSA组及脑卒中非OSA组,两组患者均行咽部MRI检查并测得腭后距离、舌后距离、软腭长度、舌长、咽侧壁软组织的厚度、高口咽区面积、低口咽区面积、咽部最小面积等相关数值,将两组患者咽部测得相关值进行比较,将腭后距离与其他口咽测量指标、AHI、洼田饮水试验分级、年龄、病程、BMI、颈围行Pearson相关分析,并将腭后距离作脑卒中OSA患者受试者工作特征曲线（Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve,ROC曲线）分析。结果脑卒中OSA组患者腭后距离较非OSA患者的偏小（P=0.002）,脑卒中OSA患者腭后距离与舌后距离呈相关（R=0.502, P=0.017）;脑卒中OSA患者洼田饮水试验分级较非OSA患者偏高（P=0.049）;脑卒中OSA患者腭后距离与AHI值呈负相关（R=-0.873, P=0.000）,腭后距离对脑卒中OSA的ROC曲线下面积为0.888,腭后距离对于脑卒中OSA有中等程度的诊断价值。结论咽部形态学改变与脑卒中OSA相关,腭后距离对脑卒中OSA有一定的诊断价值,腭后距离与脑卒中OSA严重程度有关;脑卒中OSA患者的洼田饮水分级较非OSA患者高,脑卒中患者OSA可能与吞咽障碍有关。

CBS结合LBL模式在耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学创新培养模式中的探讨

通过分析临床医学本科生耳鼻喉头颈外科学习中存在的教学困境,对教学质量满意度的影响因素进行分析,提出了一套创新的病例讨论教学法(case based study,CBS)结合传统教学方法(lecture based learning,LBL),即以病例讨论和理论知识为中心的临床教学法能充分发挥本科生的主现能动性,是提高本科生理论知识和实践操作等综合素质的有效途径。在传统授课中加入病例讨论教学,能使学生更好地掌握耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学的知识。在传统教学模式上的创新,可改善传统教学模式中枯燥、平述式教学模式,创新教学模式下有助于整体耳鼻喉科临床教学水平的提高。

六方−正方相变对定向凝固Sn−Ni包晶合金中扩散控制的枝晶演化的影响

在定向凝固Sn−Ni包晶合金中发现六方−正方相变,即自β-Ni_(3)Sn_(2)(六方)向α'-Ni_(3)Sn_(2)(正方)相的转变。研究表明,二次枝晶臂上发生由温度梯度区域熔化(TGZM)与吉布斯−汤姆森(G−T)效应引起的重熔/再凝过程。此外,一次枝晶干与二次分枝间夹角(θ)随凝固过程进行由π/3增至π/2,这一现象为六方−正方转变的组织特征,并会改变重熔/再凝过程中的扩散距离。因此,建立扩散控制唯象模型,重熔/再凝过程由枝晶的比表面积(S_(V))进行表征。模型预测表明,包晶凝固过程中发生六方−正方相变后可抑制重熔/再凝过程。另外,预测曲线的斜率变化表明重熔/再凝过程局域速率发生改变。

PBAT/玉米淀粉增塑改性及可降解性能研究

以PBAT为基材,添加玉米淀粉、HM-128和山梨醇等为改性剂,研究了玉米淀粉用量对材料的力学性能和接触角影响。随着玉米淀粉含量增加,材料的拉伸强度、断后伸长率和撕裂强度随之减小。当玉米淀粉占比为10%时力学性能最佳,当玉米淀粉含量为30%时性价比最佳,即当PBAT TH801占比64%、HM-128占比2%、山梨醇占比4%、玉米淀粉占比30%时性价比最佳;复合材料拉伸强度为12.6MPa,断后伸长率为716.6%,撕裂强度为66.7N/mm,接触角为85.1°。转矩流变仪与双螺杆挤出机制备的材料性能基本相当,吹膜制样的力学性能保持较好。在温度为60℃、相对湿度为60%条件下加速老化后,当材料中淀粉含量由20%增加至40%时,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率大幅度下降,降解速率明显加快,在可降解医用包装材料领域具有良好的应用前景。

How does the motor relearning program improve neurological function of brain ischemia monkeys?

The motor relearning program can significantly improve various functional disturbance induced by ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. However, its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. In injured brain tissues, glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament protein changes can reflect the condition of injured neurons and astrocytes, while vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor changes can indicate angiogenesis. In the present study, we induced ischemic brain injury in the rhesus macaque by electrocoagulation of the M1 segment of the right middle cerebral artery. The motor relearning program was conducted for 60 days from the third day after model establishment. Immunohistochemistry and single-photon emission CT showed that the numbers of glial fibrillary acidic protein-, neurofilament protein-, vascular endothelial growth factor- and basic fibroblast growth factor-positive cells were significantly increased in the infarcted side compared with the contralateral hemisphere following the motor relearning program. Moreover, cerebral blood flow in the infarcted side was significantly improved. The clinical rating scale for stroke was used to assess neurological function changes in the rhesus macaque following the motor relearning program. Results showed that motor function was improved, and problems with consciousness, self-care ability and balance function were significantly ameliorated. These findings indicate that the motor relearning program significantly promoted neuronal regeneration, repair and angiogenesis in the surroundings of the infarcted hemisphere, and improve neurological function in the rhesus macaque following brain ischemia.

高校学前教育专业学生就业力模型的构建与应用

在职前培养阶段关注和提升学前教育专业学生的就业力,可以提高学生毕业后对幼儿园教师职业的适应能力,从而有助于降低幼儿园教师的流失率。在借鉴已有相关研究的基础上,本研究通过深度访谈自编《学前教育专业学生就业力量表》,经过项目分析、探索性因素分析和信效度检验,确立了包含专业素养、职业素养、人格特质、教育情怀四个维度的学前教育专业学生就业力模型。运用此量表对当前学前教育专业学生就业力现状进行调查,结果显示当前学前教育专业学生的就业力总体处于中等水平,但在年级、性别、培养性质、社会实践次数上存在显著差异,并且可以分为“落后型”“卓越型”“潜力型”“功利型”“均衡型”五种潜在类别。为提升当前学前教育专业学生的就业力,高校应以教师与学生为主体,立足课堂,开展一流教学,培养学生参与科研与创新的意识;积极发挥课程思政功能,帮助学生坚定职业使命,增强职业自信;在促进实习实训基地发展的同时,积极建构并发挥“第二课堂”的延伸作用;辩证审视“人职匹配”的重要性,重视通过工作现场的培养过程重新构建学生与职业的“二次匹配”。