We investigated 13940 (6735 male, 7250 female) adult head and facial physical attributes from 19 different Han ethnic groups in 10 southern-China provinces, and calculated 12 head and facial indexes. Indexes were used...We investigated 13940 (6735 male, 7250 female) adult head and facial physical attributes from 19 different Han ethnic groups in 10 southern-China provinces, and calculated 12 head and facial indexes. Indexes were used to analyze the variation of head and facial morphological characteristics with increased age. Results showed that as age increases: (1) Head breadth, minimum frontal breadth, face breadth, interocular breadth, external biocular breadth, lip height, lip thickness, head circumference, auricular height, length-breadth head index, length-height head index, and lip-index values decline significantly in a linear fashion. (2) Nose breadth, mouth breadth, morphological facial height, upper-lip height, physiognomic ear length, physiognomic ear breadth, visor skin-fold, and vertical head-facial index values significantly increase in a linear fashion.展开更多
Using standard and internationally validated methods,86 anthropologic characteristics were determined in 650 male(305 from urban areas and 345 from rural areas) and 704 female(331 from urban areas,373 from rural areas...Using standard and internationally validated methods,86 anthropologic characteristics were determined in 650 male(305 from urban areas and 345 from rural areas) and 704 female(331 from urban areas,373 from rural areas) Chinese Hakka adults living in Guangdong and Jiangxi.The data were used to calculate 24 anthropologic indices,which were analyzed statistically.The physical characteristics of Hakka subjects were analyzed and compared with reference ethnic data.There were four main findings of this study.First,a small proportion of Hakka adults had an eye fold on the upper eyelid,but a large proportion had a mongoloid fold.The eye slits were narrow in most adults,had a medium nasal root height and straight bridges,and most of the external angles were prominent.The nasal base was upturned in most men.The distributions of the three types of nasal base in women were similar.The proportions of subjects with middle and high alae nasi heights were high and similar.Males with a maximum nostril diameter were mostly classified as transverse and oblique,while many women were classified as transverse and had relatively wide alae nasi.The round lobe type was the most common.Upper lip skin height was mostly classified as medium.Lips were classified as thin.The hair was black,eyes were brown,and the skin was yellowish.Second,the head length was long in male Hakka.The minimum frontal breadth,face breadth,lip height,and interocular breadth were similar to those of North-Asian populations.Meanwhile,head breadth,morphological facial height,nose breadth,mouth breadth,and nose height were similar to those of South-Asian populations.Head length was long in female Hakka.The minimum frontal breadth,face breadth,lip height,and interocular breadth were similar to those of North-Asian populations.Head breadth,nose breadth,and mouth breadth were similar to those of South-Asian populations.Third,the stature of male and female Hakka in urban and rural areas was classified as medium.The proportions of male and female Hakka classified as mesocephaly(length-breadth index of the head),hypsicephalic type,metriocephalic type(breadth-height index of the head) mesorrhiny,long trunk,subbrachyskelic type,broad shoulder breadth,and narrow distance between iliac crests were higher than those of other types.Finally,principal component analyses showed that the physical characteristics of Hakka were between those of South-Asian and North-Asian ethnic populations,but were generally closer to those of North-Asian populations in China.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30830062)
文摘We investigated 13940 (6735 male, 7250 female) adult head and facial physical attributes from 19 different Han ethnic groups in 10 southern-China provinces, and calculated 12 head and facial indexes. Indexes were used to analyze the variation of head and facial morphological characteristics with increased age. Results showed that as age increases: (1) Head breadth, minimum frontal breadth, face breadth, interocular breadth, external biocular breadth, lip height, lip thickness, head circumference, auricular height, length-breadth head index, length-height head index, and lip-index values decline significantly in a linear fashion. (2) Nose breadth, mouth breadth, morphological facial height, upper-lip height, physiognomic ear length, physiognomic ear breadth, visor skin-fold, and vertical head-facial index values significantly increase in a linear fashion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30830062)Jiaying University in GuangdongGan County Board of Education,Jiangxi for their financial support
文摘Using standard and internationally validated methods,86 anthropologic characteristics were determined in 650 male(305 from urban areas and 345 from rural areas) and 704 female(331 from urban areas,373 from rural areas) Chinese Hakka adults living in Guangdong and Jiangxi.The data were used to calculate 24 anthropologic indices,which were analyzed statistically.The physical characteristics of Hakka subjects were analyzed and compared with reference ethnic data.There were four main findings of this study.First,a small proportion of Hakka adults had an eye fold on the upper eyelid,but a large proportion had a mongoloid fold.The eye slits were narrow in most adults,had a medium nasal root height and straight bridges,and most of the external angles were prominent.The nasal base was upturned in most men.The distributions of the three types of nasal base in women were similar.The proportions of subjects with middle and high alae nasi heights were high and similar.Males with a maximum nostril diameter were mostly classified as transverse and oblique,while many women were classified as transverse and had relatively wide alae nasi.The round lobe type was the most common.Upper lip skin height was mostly classified as medium.Lips were classified as thin.The hair was black,eyes were brown,and the skin was yellowish.Second,the head length was long in male Hakka.The minimum frontal breadth,face breadth,lip height,and interocular breadth were similar to those of North-Asian populations.Meanwhile,head breadth,morphological facial height,nose breadth,mouth breadth,and nose height were similar to those of South-Asian populations.Head length was long in female Hakka.The minimum frontal breadth,face breadth,lip height,and interocular breadth were similar to those of North-Asian populations.Head breadth,nose breadth,and mouth breadth were similar to those of South-Asian populations.Third,the stature of male and female Hakka in urban and rural areas was classified as medium.The proportions of male and female Hakka classified as mesocephaly(length-breadth index of the head),hypsicephalic type,metriocephalic type(breadth-height index of the head) mesorrhiny,long trunk,subbrachyskelic type,broad shoulder breadth,and narrow distance between iliac crests were higher than those of other types.Finally,principal component analyses showed that the physical characteristics of Hakka were between those of South-Asian and North-Asian ethnic populations,but were generally closer to those of North-Asian populations in China.
