Background An apnea test is essential in the clinical determination of brain death. This study was conducted to analyse complications associated with the apnea test in the determination of the brain death. Methods On ...Background An apnea test is essential in the clinical determination of brain death. This study was conducted to analyse complications associated with the apnea test in the determination of the brain death. Methods On 93 adult patients in coma in Zhejiang Province of China from January 2003 to December 2006, 179 apnea tests were performed as a part of the determination of brain death. Potential risk conditions and complications were analysed during apnea tests. Results During apnea, serious cardiac arrhythmia did not occur in all patients. Complications occurred in 37 of 179 （21%） apnea tests. Hypotension occurred in 30 patients （17%） and it was observed in 8/94 （9%） tests with baseline value of systolic arterial blood pressure not less than 120 mmHg, and 22/85 （26%） less than 120 mmHg （P 〈0.05）. Severe hypoxaemia occurred in 10 patients （6%） of which 3/138 （2%） tests with baseline value of arterial oxygen pressure not less than 200 mmHg, and 7/41 （17%） less than 200 mmHg （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions This study demonstrated that complications occurred mostly in patients with inadequate baseline systolic arterial blood pressure and preoxygenation. Adequate precautions during the apnea tests may reduce the risk of cardiovascular and oxygenation complication.展开更多
Cognitive neuropsychology has made great contributions to our understanding of tile neural basis of language since Broca＇s seminal work; the primary neural circuitries for language processing have been documented. Un...Cognitive neuropsychology has made great contributions to our understanding of tile neural basis of language since Broca＇s seminal work; the primary neural circuitries for language processing have been documented. Unfortunately, these achievements were almost exclusively from studies on alphabetic languages. Recent behavioral and imaging studies suggest that the neural network involving processes of Chinese is not entirely identical to that in alphabetic languages. In the present study, reading performance in a dyslexic patient, whose native language is Chinese, was systematically examined by a series of cognitive neuropsychological experiments, and theoretical implications of this study was discussed in comparisons with studies in dyslexic patients who use alphabetic scripts.展开更多
文摘Background An apnea test is essential in the clinical determination of brain death. This study was conducted to analyse complications associated with the apnea test in the determination of the brain death. Methods On 93 adult patients in coma in Zhejiang Province of China from January 2003 to December 2006, 179 apnea tests were performed as a part of the determination of brain death. Potential risk conditions and complications were analysed during apnea tests. Results During apnea, serious cardiac arrhythmia did not occur in all patients. Complications occurred in 37 of 179 （21%） apnea tests. Hypotension occurred in 30 patients （17%） and it was observed in 8/94 （9%） tests with baseline value of systolic arterial blood pressure not less than 120 mmHg, and 22/85 （26%） less than 120 mmHg （P 〈0.05）. Severe hypoxaemia occurred in 10 patients （6%） of which 3/138 （2%） tests with baseline value of arterial oxygen pressure not less than 200 mmHg, and 7/41 （17%） less than 200 mmHg （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions This study demonstrated that complications occurred mostly in patients with inadequate baseline systolic arterial blood pressure and preoxygenation. Adequate precautions during the apnea tests may reduce the risk of cardiovascular and oxygenation complication.
基金the Medical Science Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No.2004B057)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30570582 and No.30425008)
文摘Cognitive neuropsychology has made great contributions to our understanding of tile neural basis of language since Broca＇s seminal work; the primary neural circuitries for language processing have been documented. Unfortunately, these achievements were almost exclusively from studies on alphabetic languages. Recent behavioral and imaging studies suggest that the neural network involving processes of Chinese is not entirely identical to that in alphabetic languages. In the present study, reading performance in a dyslexic patient, whose native language is Chinese, was systematically examined by a series of cognitive neuropsychological experiments, and theoretical implications of this study was discussed in comparisons with studies in dyslexic patients who use alphabetic scripts.
