金刚石NV色心在钢丝绳缺陷检测中的应用

氮-空位(NV)色心是金刚石中的一种晶格缺陷,由于其具有优异的自旋性质和光学性质,在量子精密测量领域受到广泛关注。利用金刚石的高灵敏度和高分辨率磁测量特性,实现灵敏且准确的钢丝绳缺陷检测。在磁场测量方面,该技术使用光学探测磁共振法测出NV色心的共振频率,从而计算出外界的磁场强度。在钢丝绳检测方面,以浓度为1.8×10^(17)~3.6×10^(17)的NV色心磁传感器为核心组成探头模块,三块高度集成的现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)板卡组成控制模块,搭建量子精密测量平台,检测钢丝绳断丝缺陷和微弱磨损缺陷。实验结果表明,该系统的磁场测量灵敏度可达6 nT/Hz,空间分辨率为200μm,可以对钢丝绳缺陷进行准确检测,为工业安全提供了新的检测方式。

16种杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病的田间药效试验

为筛选出对葡萄霜霉病高效、速效且环境相容性好的杀菌剂,选取16种杀菌剂进行田间药效试验。试验结果表明,22.5%啶氧菌酯SC、40%噁唑菌酮SC、60%唑嘧菌胺WG、20%氟吡菌胺SC、40%烯酰吗啉SC的防治效果好,在推荐用量下防治效果分别为85.16%、84.48%、84.43%、80.82%和80.07%,均在80%以上,建议对其进行示范推广应用。

6种杀菌剂对辣椒炭疽病病菌室内毒力测定及田间药效评价

为了筛选出对辣椒炭疽病防治效果较好的杀菌剂产品,使用生长速率法和常规喷雾法进行室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。室内毒力测定结果表明:不同药剂对辣椒炭疽病菌菌丝生长速率影响不同,其中10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂、70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂和250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油对菌丝生长具有较强的抑制作用,EC50值分别为0.64μg/mL、0.95μg/mL和0.26μg/mL,25%溴菌腈可湿性粉剂、70%丙森锌可湿性粉剂和46%氢氧化铜水分散粒剂的抑制作用较差,其EC50值分别为21.08μg/mL、113.43μg/mL和303.47μg/mL。田间药效试验结果表明:在推荐剂量下,250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油、10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂2种杀菌剂对辣椒炭疽病具有良好的防治效果。250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油50 mL/667m2、250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油30 mL/667m2和10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂58.3 g/667m2对辣椒炭疽病防效分别为84.03%、80.45%和80.94%。250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油、10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂是防治辣椒炭疽病的有效药剂,建议生产上推广使用,使用时还应注意不同作用机理的药剂之间要轮换交替使用,以避免因长时间使用同一种药剂而使病害产生抗药性。

新型杀菌剂氟苯醚酰胺对黄瓜白粉病菌室内毒力及田间药效

旨在研究新型琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制型杀菌剂氟苯醚酰胺与同类型杀菌剂在黄瓜白粉病上防效的差异。采用室内盆栽试验法和大田常规喷雾法进行室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。室内毒力测定结果表明:30%氟苯醚酰胺SC的EC50值为0.817 mg/L,对黄瓜的白粉病有很强的防效,显著优于50%啶酰菌胺WG等同类药剂。田间试验结果表明:在推荐剂量下,3种药剂对黄瓜白粉病均具有良好的防效,其中30%氟苯醚酰胺SC在制剂用量为415.5 mL/hm^(2)和499.5 mL/hm^(2)时,防效显著,其药后7 d的防效分别为83.31%和86.07%。由此可见,30%氟苯醚酰胺SC对防治黄瓜白粉病有效。

基于金刚石氮-空位色心的裂纹无损检测

磁场测量在材料科学、电子工程、电力系统甚至工业领域中扮演着极其重要的作用,尤其是磁场测量为工业无损检测提供了安全又可靠的工具,而磁场测量的灵敏度决定了检测的最高水平。金刚石氮-空位(NV)色心是最近几年发展的一种新型的量子传感器,外界磁场存在会导致金刚石NV色心的基态能级发生塞曼劈裂,通过光学探测磁共振技术(ODMR),利用微波源和锁相放大器探测NV色心的共振频率,最后由共振频率的变化可以精准地计算出出外界磁场的大小和外界磁场变化的灵敏度。实验中将含有高浓度NV色心的金刚石与光纤进行耦合实现磁场扫描式探针的制备,之后对磁化后的铁板焊缝表面裂纹进行扫描,并将扫描的结果绘制成二维磁力分布图,根据磁力分布图的磁场梯度变化可以非常准确地判断出裂纹的位置和大小,为工业安全提供了非常有效的诊断工具。

Non-destructive Testing Method for Crack Based on Diamond Nitrogen-vacancy Color Center

Magnetic field measurement plays an extremely important role in material science,electronic en-gineering,power system and even industrial fields.In particular,magnetic field measurement provides a safe and reliable tool for industrial non-destructive testing.The sensitivity of magnetic field measurement deter-mines the highest level of detection.The diamond nitrogen-vacancy(NV)color center is a new type of quan-tum sensor developed in recent years.The external magnetic field will cause Zeeman splitting of the ground state energy level of the diamond NV color center.Optical detection magnetic resonance(ODMR),using a mi-crowave source and a lock-in amplifier to detect the resonant frequency of the NV color center,and finally the change of the resonant frequency can accurately calculate the size of the external magnetic field and the sensi-tivity of the external magnetic field change.In the experiment,a diamond containing a high concentration of NV color centers is coupled with an optical fiber to realize the preparation of a magnetic field scanning probe.Then,the surface cracks of the magnetized iron plate weld are scanned,and the scanning results are drawn into a two-dimensional magnetic force distribution map,according to the magnetic field gradient change of the magnetic force distribution map,the position and size of the crack can be judged very accurately,which pro-vides a very effective diagnostic tool for industrial safety.

An Emerging Testing Method for Metallics Based on NV Center in the Diamond

Metal substance detection plays an extremely important role in daily life,industrial manufacturing and even industrial security.The traditional methods include optical detection,X-ray detection,microwave detection and ultrasonic detection.These methods,playing a vital role in the field of non-destructive testing,can not only judge the presence or absence of metal,but also accurately detect the type and size of metal defects.For microwave detection,the detection efficiency of metal materials is limited by the response sensitivity of the detector to microwaves.In recent years,scientists have discovered a quantum sensing system based on the diamond nitrogen-vacancy(NV)color center.The system obtains optical detection magnetic resonance(ODMR)fluorescence spectra under the combined action of a 532nm laser and a certain frequency band of microwaves,and the signal contrast changes significantly with the microwave power.Based on the NV color center quantum sensing system,this paper studies its application in the field of metal detection,and takes steel detection as an example to detect the size of steel bars according to the changes in the spectral line,providing a new method for non-destructive testing such as metal substance detection.

亚硝酸盐对乳酸发酵缺氧-好氧SBR脱氮系统除磷的影响

在以可溶性淀粉为唯一碳源、进水含有硝态氮的缺氧-好氧SBR脱氮除磷系统中,研究了投配亚硝态氮对该乳酸发酵系统除磷的影响.试验结果显示,初始投加亚硝酸盐的浓度分别为2、5、10 mg·L^-1时对系统的缺氧吸磷及好氧吸磷都产生了抑制作用,缺氧阶段的释磷量和释磷速率随进水亚硝酸盐浓度的增大而升高.亚硝酸盐对缺氧期液相中乳酸和污泥中糖原的积累都有明显的影响,当亚硝酸盐浓度由0 mg·L^-1升至10 mg·L^-1时,乳酸浓度由14.06 mg·L^-1下降至1.56 mg·L^-1,相反污泥中糖原的含量从235.69 mg·g^-1上升至272.97 mg·g^-1(以VSS计,下同),并且在好氧阶段糖原的消耗量增加,污泥的吸磷量也随之增加.研究表明,亚硝酸盐对淀粉直接发酵成乳酸的过程及糖原转化为乳酸的过程均有抑制作用.

浅析广播电视行业供给侧结构性改革路径——以河北广播电视台经济生活频道为例

在步入移动互联时代和现代商业竞争的环境中,广播电视业在"深化供给侧结构性改革"这一时代命题前,如何把握机遇、迎接挑战,成为广播电视业需要思考的问题。本文以河北广播电视台经济生活频道为样本,探寻省级电视媒体特别是地面频道,如何通过深化供给侧结构性改革谋求自身转型发展。