小麦是全球种植面积最大粮食作物,为全球45亿人提供日常蛋白和能量摄入的20%。弄清小麦籽粒硬度遗传基础,对于改良小麦品质具有重大意义。为探讨不同硬度小麦种子的分子基础,本实验选用西南麦区2个硬度差异极显著的小麦品种川麦66和蜀麦...小麦是全球种植面积最大粮食作物,为全球45亿人提供日常蛋白和能量摄入的20%。弄清小麦籽粒硬度遗传基础,对于改良小麦品质具有重大意义。为探讨不同硬度小麦种子的分子基础,本实验选用西南麦区2个硬度差异极显著的小麦品种川麦66和蜀麦969,从蛋白水平上分析其种子蛋白差异表达情况,利用TMT定量蛋白质组学技术(tandem mass tags)结合生物信息学分析,分析差异表达的蛋白及其功能和通路等富集情况。结果表明,鉴定并定量了有效蛋白6020个,其中显著差异表达蛋白113个,在软质麦川麦66中上调表达的69个,下调表达的44个。差异蛋白GO富集分析共富集到65个GO条目,达到极显著富集水平的包括生物过程的1个条目、细胞组成的1个条目和分子功能的6个条目。推测营养库活性类蛋白、酶抑制剂活性类蛋白和谷胱甘肽代谢途径类蛋白可能参与小麦籽粒硬度形成。籽粒硬度相关蛋白可能主要分布于细胞胞外区,具有防御作用。从系统发育分析推测,puroindolines蛋白及其同源蛋白,可能既作为小麦籽粒贮藏蛋白,同时还能作为酶抑制剂调控籽粒发育。本研究为进一步探索小麦籽粒硬度遗传机制提供了参考。展开更多
The bread wheat genome harbors a high content of repetitive DNA,which is amenable to detection and characterization using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)karyotyping.An integrated genetic map was derived from ...The bread wheat genome harbors a high content of repetitive DNA,which is amenable to detection and characterization using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)karyotyping.An integrated genetic map was derived from a recombinant inbred population bred from a cross between a synthetic hexaploid wheat and a commercial Chinese bread wheat cultivar,based on 28 variable FISH sites and>150000 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)loci.The majority(20/28)of the variable FISH sites were physically located within a chromosomal region consistent with the genetic location inferred from that of their co-segregating SNP loci.The eight exceptions reflected the presence of either a translocation(1 R/1 B,1 A/7 A)or a presumptive intra-chromosomal inversion(4 A).For eight out of the nine FISH sites detected on the Chinese Spring(CS)karyotype,there was a good match with the reference genome sequence,indicating that the most recent assembly has dealt well with the problem of placing tandem repeats.The integrated genetic map produced for wheat is informative as to the location of blocks of tandemly repeated DNA and can aid in improving the quality of the genome sequence assembly in regions surrounding these blocks.展开更多
Stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici,is a serious disease in bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).Identification and use of adult plant resistance(APR) resources are important for stripe rust resistanc...Stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici,is a serious disease in bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).Identification and use of adult plant resistance(APR) resources are important for stripe rust resistance breeding.Bread wheat line C33 is an exotic germplasm that has shown stable APR to stripe rust for more than 10 years in Sichuan Province of China.Here,183 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from the cross between C33 and a susceptible line X440 were genotyped with diversity arrays technology(DArT) markers to identify resistance quantitative trait locus(QTL).Field trials were conducted in five years at Chengdu and Xindu of Sichuan Province,using maximum disease severity(MDS) as stripe rust reaction phenotypes.A total of four quantitative trait loci(QTLs) were detected,respectively designed as QYr.saas-3 AS,QYr.saas-5 AL,QYr.saas-5 BL,and QYr.saas-7 DS,explaining 4.14-15.21% of the phenotypic variances.QYr.saas-5 BL and QYr.saas-7 DS were contributed by C33.However,the level for stripe rust resistance contributed by them was not strong as C33,suggesting the presence of other unidentified QTLs in C33.QYr.saas-7 DS corresponded to Yr18 and QYr.saas-5 BL remains to be formally named.The RIL lines carrying combinations QYr.saas-5 AL,QYr.saas-5 BL,and QYr.saas-7 DS showed comparability resistance with C33.The present study provides resources to pyramid diverse genes into locally adapted elite germplasm to improve the stripe rust resistance of bread wheat.展开更多
文摘小麦是全球种植面积最大粮食作物,为全球45亿人提供日常蛋白和能量摄入的20%。弄清小麦籽粒硬度遗传基础,对于改良小麦品质具有重大意义。为探讨不同硬度小麦种子的分子基础,本实验选用西南麦区2个硬度差异极显著的小麦品种川麦66和蜀麦969,从蛋白水平上分析其种子蛋白差异表达情况,利用TMT定量蛋白质组学技术(tandem mass tags)结合生物信息学分析,分析差异表达的蛋白及其功能和通路等富集情况。结果表明,鉴定并定量了有效蛋白6020个,其中显著差异表达蛋白113个,在软质麦川麦66中上调表达的69个,下调表达的44个。差异蛋白GO富集分析共富集到65个GO条目,达到极显著富集水平的包括生物过程的1个条目、细胞组成的1个条目和分子功能的6个条目。推测营养库活性类蛋白、酶抑制剂活性类蛋白和谷胱甘肽代谢途径类蛋白可能参与小麦籽粒硬度形成。籽粒硬度相关蛋白可能主要分布于细胞胞外区,具有防御作用。从系统发育分析推测,puroindolines蛋白及其同源蛋白,可能既作为小麦籽粒贮藏蛋白,同时还能作为酶抑制剂调控籽粒发育。本研究为进一步探索小麦籽粒硬度遗传机制提供了参考。
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0102000)。
文摘The bread wheat genome harbors a high content of repetitive DNA,which is amenable to detection and characterization using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)karyotyping.An integrated genetic map was derived from a recombinant inbred population bred from a cross between a synthetic hexaploid wheat and a commercial Chinese bread wheat cultivar,based on 28 variable FISH sites and>150000 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)loci.The majority(20/28)of the variable FISH sites were physically located within a chromosomal region consistent with the genetic location inferred from that of their co-segregating SNP loci.The eight exceptions reflected the presence of either a translocation(1 R/1 B,1 A/7 A)or a presumptive intra-chromosomal inversion(4 A).For eight out of the nine FISH sites detected on the Chinese Spring(CS)karyotype,there was a good match with the reference genome sequence,indicating that the most recent assembly has dealt well with the problem of placing tandem repeats.The integrated genetic map produced for wheat is informative as to the location of blocks of tandemly repeated DNA and can aid in improving the quality of the genome sequence assembly in regions surrounding these blocks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671683)the Youth Foundation of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(2016QNJJ-008)
文摘Stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici,is a serious disease in bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).Identification and use of adult plant resistance(APR) resources are important for stripe rust resistance breeding.Bread wheat line C33 is an exotic germplasm that has shown stable APR to stripe rust for more than 10 years in Sichuan Province of China.Here,183 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from the cross between C33 and a susceptible line X440 were genotyped with diversity arrays technology(DArT) markers to identify resistance quantitative trait locus(QTL).Field trials were conducted in five years at Chengdu and Xindu of Sichuan Province,using maximum disease severity(MDS) as stripe rust reaction phenotypes.A total of four quantitative trait loci(QTLs) were detected,respectively designed as QYr.saas-3 AS,QYr.saas-5 AL,QYr.saas-5 BL,and QYr.saas-7 DS,explaining 4.14-15.21% of the phenotypic variances.QYr.saas-5 BL and QYr.saas-7 DS were contributed by C33.However,the level for stripe rust resistance contributed by them was not strong as C33,suggesting the presence of other unidentified QTLs in C33.QYr.saas-7 DS corresponded to Yr18 and QYr.saas-5 BL remains to be formally named.The RIL lines carrying combinations QYr.saas-5 AL,QYr.saas-5 BL,and QYr.saas-7 DS showed comparability resistance with C33.The present study provides resources to pyramid diverse genes into locally adapted elite germplasm to improve the stripe rust resistance of bread wheat.
