Zinc-ion capacitors(ZICs),which consist of a capacitor-type electrode and a battery-type electrode,not only possess the high power density of supercapacitors and the high energy density of batteries,but also have othe...Zinc-ion capacitors(ZICs),which consist of a capacitor-type electrode and a battery-type electrode,not only possess the high power density of supercapacitors and the high energy density of batteries,but also have other advantages such as abundant resources,high safety and environmental friendliness.However,they still face problems such as insufficient specific capacitance,a short cycling life,and narrow operating voltage and temperature ranges,which are hindering their practical use.We provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental theory of carbon-based ZICs and summarize recent research progress from three perspectives:the carbon cathode,electrolyte and zinc anode.The influence of the structure and surface chemical properties of the carbon materials on the capacitive performance of ZICs is considered together with theoretical guidance for advancing their development and practical use.展开更多
锌离子电容器(ZICs)具有能量密度高、倍率性能好、循环寿命长、成本低等优点,近年来得到了广泛的研究。在碳基阴极表面引入氧官能团是提高水系ZICs电容性能的有效策略。然而,氧官能团的存在是否有利于提高乙醇(EtOH)基ZICs的电容性能,...锌离子电容器(ZICs)具有能量密度高、倍率性能好、循环寿命长、成本低等优点,近年来得到了广泛的研究。在碳基阴极表面引入氧官能团是提高水系ZICs电容性能的有效策略。然而,氧官能团的存在是否有利于提高乙醇(EtOH)基ZICs的电容性能,目前还没有被深入研究。本文采用硝酸氧化和进一步热处理的方法对阴极活性炭表面的氧官能团进行了优化。在ZnCl2/EtOH电解液中,优化后的样品在电流密度为1 A g^(−1)时比电容达到195 F g^(−1),比未改性的样品(125 F g^(−1))提高了56%。同时,ZICs也表现出良好的循环稳定性,在3 A g^(−1)下的稳定循环次数超过16000次,并且保持100%的库仑效率。这是因为氧官能团,特别是羧基和酯基(―COO)的存在,为Zn2+氧化还原反应提供了丰富的电化学活性位点。因此,本研究通过优化氧官能团增强了炭阴极的电容性能,并为EtOH基ZICs的商业应用提供了研究基础。展开更多
文摘Zinc-ion capacitors(ZICs),which consist of a capacitor-type electrode and a battery-type electrode,not only possess the high power density of supercapacitors and the high energy density of batteries,but also have other advantages such as abundant resources,high safety and environmental friendliness.However,they still face problems such as insufficient specific capacitance,a short cycling life,and narrow operating voltage and temperature ranges,which are hindering their practical use.We provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental theory of carbon-based ZICs and summarize recent research progress from three perspectives:the carbon cathode,electrolyte and zinc anode.The influence of the structure and surface chemical properties of the carbon materials on the capacitive performance of ZICs is considered together with theoretical guidance for advancing their development and practical use.
文摘锌离子电容器(ZICs)具有能量密度高、倍率性能好、循环寿命长、成本低等优点,近年来得到了广泛的研究。在碳基阴极表面引入氧官能团是提高水系ZICs电容性能的有效策略。然而,氧官能团的存在是否有利于提高乙醇(EtOH)基ZICs的电容性能,目前还没有被深入研究。本文采用硝酸氧化和进一步热处理的方法对阴极活性炭表面的氧官能团进行了优化。在ZnCl2/EtOH电解液中,优化后的样品在电流密度为1 A g^(−1)时比电容达到195 F g^(−1),比未改性的样品(125 F g^(−1))提高了56%。同时,ZICs也表现出良好的循环稳定性,在3 A g^(−1)下的稳定循环次数超过16000次,并且保持100%的库仑效率。这是因为氧官能团,特别是羧基和酯基(―COO)的存在,为Zn2+氧化还原反应提供了丰富的电化学活性位点。因此,本研究通过优化氧官能团增强了炭阴极的电容性能,并为EtOH基ZICs的商业应用提供了研究基础。
