Seismic isolation is an effective strategy to mitigate the risk of seismic damage in tunnels.However,the impact of surface-reflected seismic waves on the effectiveness of tunnel isolation layers remains under explored...Seismic isolation is an effective strategy to mitigate the risk of seismic damage in tunnels.However,the impact of surface-reflected seismic waves on the effectiveness of tunnel isolation layers remains under explored.In this study,we employ the wave function expansion method to provide analytical solutions for the dynamic responses of linings in an elastic half-space and an infinite elastic space.By comparing the results of the two models,we investigate the seismic isolation effect of tunnel isolation layers induced by reflected seismic waves.Our findings reveal significant differences in the dynamic responses of the lining in the elastic half-space and the infinitely elastic space.Specifically,the dynamic stress concentration factor(DSCF)of the lining in the elastic half-space exhibits periodic fluctuations,influenced by the incident wave frequency and tunnel depth,while the DSCF in the infinitely elastic space remain stable.Overall,the seismic isolation application of the tunnel isolation layer is found to be less affected by surface-reflected seismic waves.Our results provide valuable insights for the design and assessment of the seismic isolation effect of tunnel isolation layers.展开更多
影响猪舍热舒适性的因素包括温度、湿度、风速和热辐射,猪体的热舒适感是由这些因素以及猪体新陈代谢综合作用的结果。传统温湿度指标难以精确地表达猪体的热舒适感。在人体平均预测投票(predicted mean vote,PMV)指标的基础上用类比方...影响猪舍热舒适性的因素包括温度、湿度、风速和热辐射,猪体的热舒适感是由这些因素以及猪体新陈代谢综合作用的结果。传统温湿度指标难以精确地表达猪体的热舒适感。在人体平均预测投票(predicted mean vote,PMV)指标的基础上用类比方法提出了猪体PMV指标。采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)对夏季湿帘作用下的猪舍建立温湿度模型场,并在此基础上计算得到猪体PMV场仿真模型,将模型数据与无线传感器网络的数据进行对比,误差波动在6%以下。夏季湿帘作用下,模拟猪舍内部温度场在整体上降低了4℃左右,风速呈现出两边高中间低,靠近墙壁的地方和猪舍角落的地方呈现出一定面积的气流死区,猪体PMV指标在湿帘作用下的波动范围在-0.5~+0.5之间,属于舒适的指标范围内。该方法可以获得猪舍生活区猪体热舒适感的精确场分布情况,为猪舍环境控制的优化提供强有力的理论依据。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 51991393]support from the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Applied Technology and Key Laboratory of Earthquake Resistance,Earthquake Mitigation,and Structural Safety funded by the Ministry of Education。
文摘Seismic isolation is an effective strategy to mitigate the risk of seismic damage in tunnels.However,the impact of surface-reflected seismic waves on the effectiveness of tunnel isolation layers remains under explored.In this study,we employ the wave function expansion method to provide analytical solutions for the dynamic responses of linings in an elastic half-space and an infinite elastic space.By comparing the results of the two models,we investigate the seismic isolation effect of tunnel isolation layers induced by reflected seismic waves.Our findings reveal significant differences in the dynamic responses of the lining in the elastic half-space and the infinitely elastic space.Specifically,the dynamic stress concentration factor(DSCF)of the lining in the elastic half-space exhibits periodic fluctuations,influenced by the incident wave frequency and tunnel depth,while the DSCF in the infinitely elastic space remain stable.Overall,the seismic isolation application of the tunnel isolation layer is found to be less affected by surface-reflected seismic waves.Our results provide valuable insights for the design and assessment of the seismic isolation effect of tunnel isolation layers.
文摘影响猪舍热舒适性的因素包括温度、湿度、风速和热辐射,猪体的热舒适感是由这些因素以及猪体新陈代谢综合作用的结果。传统温湿度指标难以精确地表达猪体的热舒适感。在人体平均预测投票(predicted mean vote,PMV)指标的基础上用类比方法提出了猪体PMV指标。采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)对夏季湿帘作用下的猪舍建立温湿度模型场,并在此基础上计算得到猪体PMV场仿真模型,将模型数据与无线传感器网络的数据进行对比,误差波动在6%以下。夏季湿帘作用下,模拟猪舍内部温度场在整体上降低了4℃左右,风速呈现出两边高中间低,靠近墙壁的地方和猪舍角落的地方呈现出一定面积的气流死区,猪体PMV指标在湿帘作用下的波动范围在-0.5~+0.5之间,属于舒适的指标范围内。该方法可以获得猪舍生活区猪体热舒适感的精确场分布情况,为猪舍环境控制的优化提供强有力的理论依据。
文摘利用转录组测序技术开发SSR标记,旨在为食用黄花菜种质资源鉴定、评价及遗传多样性分析提供技术支撑。测序共得到104177个Unigene,总长度为79106833 bp,平均长度为759 bp,利用MISA软件对Unigene进行搜索,共检测到15890个SSR,其中单核苷酸、二核苷酸和三核苷酸重复占比较高,分别为18.57%、27.23%和44.26%。设计合成SSR引物114对,通过聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳最终筛选出20对核心引物,20对引物在43份黄花菜种质中共检测到88个等位变异,每个位点的等位变异数为3~8个,平均为4.4个,多态信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)值变幅为0.23~0.77,平均为0.4995。依据扩增产物的片段大小确定了每个SSR位点的等位变异以及对应的参照品种,建立了基于SSR的DNA指纹鉴定技术体系,并构建了43份黄花菜种质的DNA指纹数据。该研究开发的SSR标记具有丰富的多态性。
