The high pressure pneumatic system has been applied to special industries. It may cause errors when we analyze high pressure pneumatics under ideal gas assumption. However, the real gas effect on the performances of h...The high pressure pneumatic system has been applied to special industries. It may cause errors when we analyze high pressure pneumatics under ideal gas assumption. However, the real gas effect on the performances of high pressure pneumatics is seldom investigated. In this paper, the real gas effects on air enthalpy and internal energy are estimated firstly to study the real gas effect on the energy conversion. Under ideal gas assumption, enthalpy and internal energy are solely related to air temperature. The estimation result indicates that the pressure enthalpy and pressure internal energy of real pneumatic air obviously decrease the values of enthalpy and internal energy for high pressure pneumatics, and the values of pressure enthalpy and pressure internal energy are close. Based on the relationship among pressure, enthalpy and internal energy, the real gas effects on charging and discharging processes of high pressure pneumatics are estimated, which indicates that the real gas effect accelerates the temperature and pressure decreasing rates during discharging process, and decelerates their increasing rates during charging process. According to the above analysis, and for the inconvenience in building the simulation model for real gas and the difficulty of measuring the detail thermal capacities of pneumatics, a method to compensate the real gas effect under ideal gas assumption is proposed by modulating the thermal capacity of the pneumatic container in simulation. The experiments of switching expansion reduction （SER） for high pressure pneumatics are used to verify this compensating method. SER includes the discharging process of supply tanks and the charging process of expansion tank. The simulated and experimental results of SER are highly consistent. The proposed compensation method provides a convenient way to obtain more realistic simulation results for high pressure pneumatics.展开更多
In an accelerator driven sub-critical (ADS) facility, a sub-critical reactor is driven by an intense external neutronsource provided by an accelerator coupled to a spallation target. The real-time measurement of incor...In an accelerator driven sub-critical (ADS) facility, a sub-critical reactor is driven by an intense external neutronsource provided by an accelerator coupled to a spallation target. The real-time measurement of incore neutron fluxin an ADS facility is necessary for the commissioning measurements of the beams from the accelerator, for theroutine verification of control rod positions, and for the calibration of the excore power range nuclear instruments.In a commercial reactor used in nuclear industry, several incore neutron detectors are used commonly to measureradial neutron flux profile at different radial locations within the reactor core. In an ADS facility, we propose thatnot only radial neutron flux profile but also vertical flux profile should be measured at different locations, becausethe incore neutron flux is affected dramatically by the neutrons from the spallation target.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50575202)
文摘The high pressure pneumatic system has been applied to special industries. It may cause errors when we analyze high pressure pneumatics under ideal gas assumption. However, the real gas effect on the performances of high pressure pneumatics is seldom investigated. In this paper, the real gas effects on air enthalpy and internal energy are estimated firstly to study the real gas effect on the energy conversion. Under ideal gas assumption, enthalpy and internal energy are solely related to air temperature. The estimation result indicates that the pressure enthalpy and pressure internal energy of real pneumatic air obviously decrease the values of enthalpy and internal energy for high pressure pneumatics, and the values of pressure enthalpy and pressure internal energy are close. Based on the relationship among pressure, enthalpy and internal energy, the real gas effects on charging and discharging processes of high pressure pneumatics are estimated, which indicates that the real gas effect accelerates the temperature and pressure decreasing rates during discharging process, and decelerates their increasing rates during charging process. According to the above analysis, and for the inconvenience in building the simulation model for real gas and the difficulty of measuring the detail thermal capacities of pneumatics, a method to compensate the real gas effect under ideal gas assumption is proposed by modulating the thermal capacity of the pneumatic container in simulation. The experiments of switching expansion reduction （SER） for high pressure pneumatics are used to verify this compensating method. SER includes the discharging process of supply tanks and the charging process of expansion tank. The simulated and experimental results of SER are highly consistent. The proposed compensation method provides a convenient way to obtain more realistic simulation results for high pressure pneumatics.
文摘In an accelerator driven sub-critical (ADS) facility, a sub-critical reactor is driven by an intense external neutronsource provided by an accelerator coupled to a spallation target. The real-time measurement of incore neutron fluxin an ADS facility is necessary for the commissioning measurements of the beams from the accelerator, for theroutine verification of control rod positions, and for the calibration of the excore power range nuclear instruments.In a commercial reactor used in nuclear industry, several incore neutron detectors are used commonly to measureradial neutron flux profile at different radial locations within the reactor core. In an ADS facility, we propose thatnot only radial neutron flux profile but also vertical flux profile should be measured at different locations, becausethe incore neutron flux is affected dramatically by the neutrons from the spallation target.
