Stormwater runoff in rural townships has a high potential for water quality impairment but little information is available on strormwater runoff pollution from rural townships.To investigate the characteristics of run...Stormwater runoff in rural townships has a high potential for water quality impairment but little information is available on strormwater runoff pollution from rural townships.To investigate the characteristics of runoff pollution in a rural township,a catchment(2.32 ha) in Linshan Township,Sichuan,China was selected to examine runoff and quality parameters including precipitation,flow rate,and total nitrogen(TN),dissolved nitrogen(DN),total phosphorus(TP),dissolved phosphorus(DP),particulate phosphorus(PP),chemical oxygen demand(COD) and suspended solid(SS) in 12 rainfall events occurring between June 2006 and July 2007.Results show that the annual pollutant loads were 47.17 kg ha-1 for TN,6.64 kg ha-1 for TP,1186 kg ha-1 for COD,and 4297 kg ha-1 for SS.DN and PP were the main forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in stormwater runoff.TP,COD and SS showed medium mass first flushes,in which nearly 40% of the total pollutant masses were transported by the first 30% of total flow volume.The peak of pollutant concentration appeared before the peak of runoff due to the first flush of accumulative pollutants in impervious areas and drainage ditches.The EMC values of TN,TP,DN and PP were negatively correlated to the maximum rainfall intensity,precipitation,total flow volume,and runoff duration(P<0.05,n=12),while EMC of COD and SS were not related to any rainfall characteristics.The FF30(FF,First Flush) for TN,TP,COD and SS were positively correlated to the maximum rainfall intensity(P<0.05,n=12),and TP was also positively correlated to the average rainfall intensity(P<0.05,n=12),indicating that the magnitude of first flush increased with the rainfall intensity in the Linshan Township.展开更多
Engineering nano-materials & their impact on human health or environmental security constitute a newly emerging R&D hot spot and a key problem now urgently waiting for its solution in supporting the sustainabi...Engineering nano-materials & their impact on human health or environmental security constitute a newly emerging R&D hot spot and a key problem now urgently waiting for its solution in supporting the sustainability of China's nano-science and related technology development. At present, water bodies in Chinese cities have been seriously polluted by metallic nano-particles (MNPs) while related monitoring data are found woefully lacking throughout the country. Based on the above understanding, this article gives a round-up explanation on distributive characteristics of MNPs in the river mouths or water bodies of Chinese cities, their ecological hazards as well as our research in this regard, providing some inspiring ideas and data for control over this scourge. In addition, our exploration probes the discharge traits of MNPs themselves and the mechanism underlying its impact on water pollution.展开更多
Despite the increasing depletion of the groundwater at the Zhangjiakou aquifer system in the northwest of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,little information is available on the hydrological process of groundwater in this...Despite the increasing depletion of the groundwater at the Zhangjiakou aquifer system in the northwest of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,little information is available on the hydrological process of groundwater in this region.In this study,we utilized water isotopes composition(51sO,5D and 3H)of groundwater,river and precipitation to identify the characteristics of hydrochemistry,groundwater age and recharge rates in different watersheds of the Zhangjiakou area.Results showed that the river water and groundwater could be characterized as HCO3-Mg Na,HCO3 CI-Na and HCO3-Mg Na,HCO3 CI-Na,HCO3 CI-Na Mg types,respectively.The 5D and 5180 values in precipitation were linearly correlated,which is similar to the Global Meteorological Water Line(GMWL).Furthermore,the decreasing values of the 6D and 5180 from precipitation to surface water and groundwater indicate that groundwater is mainly recharged by atmospheric precipitation.In addition,the variation of 3H concentration with depth suggests that groundwater shallower than around 100 m is generally modern water.In contrast,groundwater deeper around 100 m is a mixture of modern and old waters,which has longer residence times.Groundwater showed a relatively low tritium concentration in the confined aquifers,indicating the groundwater recharged might be relatively old groundwater of over 60 years.The flow velocity of the groundwater in the study area varied from 1.10 to 2.26 m/a,and the recharge rates ranged from 0.034 to 0.203 m/a.The obtained findings provide important insights into understanding the groundwater recharge sources and hydrochemistry in the Zhangjiakou area,in turn developing a sustainable groundwater management plan.展开更多
基金supports from the Western Development Plan of CAS (No. KZCX2-XB3-09)the Project of National Science & Technology Pillar Program (No. 2011BAD31B03)
文摘Stormwater runoff in rural townships has a high potential for water quality impairment but little information is available on strormwater runoff pollution from rural townships.To investigate the characteristics of runoff pollution in a rural township,a catchment(2.32 ha) in Linshan Township,Sichuan,China was selected to examine runoff and quality parameters including precipitation,flow rate,and total nitrogen(TN),dissolved nitrogen(DN),total phosphorus(TP),dissolved phosphorus(DP),particulate phosphorus(PP),chemical oxygen demand(COD) and suspended solid(SS) in 12 rainfall events occurring between June 2006 and July 2007.Results show that the annual pollutant loads were 47.17 kg ha-1 for TN,6.64 kg ha-1 for TP,1186 kg ha-1 for COD,and 4297 kg ha-1 for SS.DN and PP were the main forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in stormwater runoff.TP,COD and SS showed medium mass first flushes,in which nearly 40% of the total pollutant masses were transported by the first 30% of total flow volume.The peak of pollutant concentration appeared before the peak of runoff due to the first flush of accumulative pollutants in impervious areas and drainage ditches.The EMC values of TN,TP,DN and PP were negatively correlated to the maximum rainfall intensity,precipitation,total flow volume,and runoff duration(P<0.05,n=12),while EMC of COD and SS were not related to any rainfall characteristics.The FF30(FF,First Flush) for TN,TP,COD and SS were positively correlated to the maximum rainfall intensity(P<0.05,n=12),and TP was also positively correlated to the average rainfall intensity(P<0.05,n=12),indicating that the magnitude of first flush increased with the rainfall intensity in the Linshan Township.
文摘Engineering nano-materials & their impact on human health or environmental security constitute a newly emerging R&D hot spot and a key problem now urgently waiting for its solution in supporting the sustainability of China's nano-science and related technology development. At present, water bodies in Chinese cities have been seriously polluted by metallic nano-particles (MNPs) while related monitoring data are found woefully lacking throughout the country. Based on the above understanding, this article gives a round-up explanation on distributive characteristics of MNPs in the river mouths or water bodies of Chinese cities, their ecological hazards as well as our research in this regard, providing some inspiring ideas and data for control over this scourge. In addition, our exploration probes the discharge traits of MNPs themselves and the mechanism underlying its impact on water pollution.
基金The National Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment,No.2017ZX07101001-02。
文摘Despite the increasing depletion of the groundwater at the Zhangjiakou aquifer system in the northwest of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,little information is available on the hydrological process of groundwater in this region.In this study,we utilized water isotopes composition(51sO,5D and 3H)of groundwater,river and precipitation to identify the characteristics of hydrochemistry,groundwater age and recharge rates in different watersheds of the Zhangjiakou area.Results showed that the river water and groundwater could be characterized as HCO3-Mg Na,HCO3 CI-Na and HCO3-Mg Na,HCO3 CI-Na,HCO3 CI-Na Mg types,respectively.The 5D and 5180 values in precipitation were linearly correlated,which is similar to the Global Meteorological Water Line(GMWL).Furthermore,the decreasing values of the 6D and 5180 from precipitation to surface water and groundwater indicate that groundwater is mainly recharged by atmospheric precipitation.In addition,the variation of 3H concentration with depth suggests that groundwater shallower than around 100 m is generally modern water.In contrast,groundwater deeper around 100 m is a mixture of modern and old waters,which has longer residence times.Groundwater showed a relatively low tritium concentration in the confined aquifers,indicating the groundwater recharged might be relatively old groundwater of over 60 years.The flow velocity of the groundwater in the study area varied from 1.10 to 2.26 m/a,and the recharge rates ranged from 0.034 to 0.203 m/a.The obtained findings provide important insights into understanding the groundwater recharge sources and hydrochemistry in the Zhangjiakou area,in turn developing a sustainable groundwater management plan.
